A cascading failure of landslide dams caused by strong earthquakes or torrential rains in mountainous river valleys can pose great threats to people’s lives,properties,and infrastructures.In this study,based on the t...A cascading failure of landslide dams caused by strong earthquakes or torrential rains in mountainous river valleys can pose great threats to people’s lives,properties,and infrastructures.In this study,based on the three-dimensional Reynoldsaveraged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS),the renormalization group(RNG)k-εturbulence model,suspended and bed load transport equations,and the instability discriminant formula of dam breach side slope,and the explicit finite volume method(FVM),a detailed numerical simulation model for calculating the hydro-morphodynamic characteristics of cascading dam breach process has been developed.The developed numerical model can simulate the breach hydrograph and the dam breach morphology evolution during the cascading failure process of landslide dams.A model test of the breaches of two cascading landslide dams has been used as the validation case.The comparison of the calculated and measured results indicates that the breach hydrograph and the breach morphology evolution process of the upstream and downstream dams are generally consistent with each other,and the relative errors of the key breaching parameters,i.e.,the peak breach flow and the time to peak of each dam,are less than±5%.Further,the comparison of the breach hydrographs of the upstream and downstream dams shows that there is an amplification effect of the breach flood on the cascading landslide dam failures.Three key parameters,i.e.,the distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,the river channel slope,and the downstream dam height,have been used to study the flood amplification effect.The parameter sensitivity analyses show that the peak breach flow at the downstream dam decreases with increasing distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,and the downstream dam height.Further,the peak breach flow at the downstream dam first increases and then decreases with steepening of the river channel slope.When the flood caused by the upstream dam failure flows to the downstream dam,it can produce a surge wave that overtops and erodes the dam crest,resulting in a lowering of the dam crest elevation.This has an impact on the failure occurrence time and the peak breach flow of the downstream dam.The influence of the surge wave on the downstream dam failure process is related to the volume of water that overtops the dam crest and the erosion characteristics of dam material.Moreover,the cascading failure case of the Xiaogangjian and Lower Xiaogangjian landslide dams has also been used as the representative case for validating the model.In comparisons of the calculated and measured breach hydrographs and final breach morphologies,the relative errors of the key dam breaching parameters are all within±10%,which verify the rationality of the model is applicable to real-world cases.Overall,the numerical model developed in this study can provide important technical support for the risk assessment and emergency treatment of failures of cascading landslide dams.展开更多
目的分析关于肺癌精准治疗的研究热点与研究前沿,预测该领域未来研究方向。方法通过CiteSpace软件检索Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)数据库中2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间该领域的文章进行可视化分析,分析内容包括年度分...目的分析关于肺癌精准治疗的研究热点与研究前沿,预测该领域未来研究方向。方法通过CiteSpace软件检索Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)数据库中2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间该领域的文章进行可视化分析,分析内容包括年度分布、国家、机构、作者、高频关键词等。结果共检索到1583篇相关文献,发文量总体呈上升趋势。81个国家/地区、290个机构、263位作者参与了肺癌精准治疗领域的相关研究。关键词分析显示现阶段“靶向治疗”“液体活检”“表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)”“酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)”“循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)”“循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)”和“二代测序技术(NGS)”等词为该领域的热点关键词。结论目前肺癌精准治疗相关研究正处于快速发展阶段。未来需对当前研究热点进行更加深入的研究,加强跨国家及跨机构的高质量合作,为肺癌精准治疗提供更为前沿的方向。展开更多
目的评估电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)术前行CT引导下Hook-wire定位对治疗同时性多原发性肺癌(SMPLC的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析自2011年2月～2016年12月,东南大学附属江阴市人民医院胸外科收治的SMPLC患者47例,所有患者均在CT引导下留置...目的评估电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)术前行CT引导下Hook-wire定位对治疗同时性多原发性肺癌(SMPLC的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析自2011年2月～2016年12月,东南大学附属江阴市人民医院胸外科收治的SMPLC患者47例,所有患者均在CT引导下留置Hook-wire定位针,并行VATS切除病灶,根据术中冰冻病理结果决定进一步手术方式。统计定位准确率、VATS切除成功率、并发症发生率等。结果 47例SMPLC患者中,单侧SMPLC患者19例,双侧SMPLC患者28例。CT引导下带钩钢丝定位成功率为100%,定位时间为(34.98±5.95)min。患者定位后发生少量气胸(肺压缩<20%)7例(14.9%),无需处理。定位过程中发生中等量气胸(肺压缩≥20%)4例(8.6%),在手术过程中发生对侧气胸2例(4.3%),VATS探查过程中出现少量出血(≤50 m L)2例(4.3%),均未出现进行性血胸,未找到病理标本1例(2.1%),中转开胸手术2例(4.3%)。所有患者均为未发现定位针移位和脱落。结论术前CT引导下Hook-wire定位准确、安全、并发症少,对SMPLC的VATS诊治具有良好的临床价值。展开更多
目的分析预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效生物标志物研究的发展现状,为后续研究提供参考。方法计算机检索Web of Science核心合集2017—2021年收录的预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效的生物标志物研究。通过CiteSpace对该领域文献的年度分布...目的分析预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效生物标志物研究的发展现状,为后续研究提供参考。方法计算机检索Web of Science核心合集2017—2021年收录的预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效的生物标志物研究。通过CiteSpace对该领域文献的年度分布、期刊、作者、国家、机构、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果共纳入426篇文献,包括298篇论著、128篇综述。年平均发文量约为85篇,发文量呈逐年增加趋势。细胞程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)表达、肿瘤突变负荷、肿瘤微环境、液体活检等为该领域的热点关键词。结论未来将液体活检、肿瘤微环境生物标志物与影像组学分析联合起来,对非小细胞肺癌患者体内淋巴细胞的免疫状态以及病灶特征等肿瘤相关信息进行更加精准的评估可能是该领域的研究热点及前沿。展开更多
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.U22A20602,U2040221).
文摘A cascading failure of landslide dams caused by strong earthquakes or torrential rains in mountainous river valleys can pose great threats to people’s lives,properties,and infrastructures.In this study,based on the three-dimensional Reynoldsaveraged Navier-Stokes equations(RANS),the renormalization group(RNG)k-εturbulence model,suspended and bed load transport equations,and the instability discriminant formula of dam breach side slope,and the explicit finite volume method(FVM),a detailed numerical simulation model for calculating the hydro-morphodynamic characteristics of cascading dam breach process has been developed.The developed numerical model can simulate the breach hydrograph and the dam breach morphology evolution during the cascading failure process of landslide dams.A model test of the breaches of two cascading landslide dams has been used as the validation case.The comparison of the calculated and measured results indicates that the breach hydrograph and the breach morphology evolution process of the upstream and downstream dams are generally consistent with each other,and the relative errors of the key breaching parameters,i.e.,the peak breach flow and the time to peak of each dam,are less than±5%.Further,the comparison of the breach hydrographs of the upstream and downstream dams shows that there is an amplification effect of the breach flood on the cascading landslide dam failures.Three key parameters,i.e.,the distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,the river channel slope,and the downstream dam height,have been used to study the flood amplification effect.The parameter sensitivity analyses show that the peak breach flow at the downstream dam decreases with increasing distance between the upstream and the downstream dams,and the downstream dam height.Further,the peak breach flow at the downstream dam first increases and then decreases with steepening of the river channel slope.When the flood caused by the upstream dam failure flows to the downstream dam,it can produce a surge wave that overtops and erodes the dam crest,resulting in a lowering of the dam crest elevation.This has an impact on the failure occurrence time and the peak breach flow of the downstream dam.The influence of the surge wave on the downstream dam failure process is related to the volume of water that overtops the dam crest and the erosion characteristics of dam material.Moreover,the cascading failure case of the Xiaogangjian and Lower Xiaogangjian landslide dams has also been used as the representative case for validating the model.In comparisons of the calculated and measured breach hydrographs and final breach morphologies,the relative errors of the key dam breaching parameters are all within±10%,which verify the rationality of the model is applicable to real-world cases.Overall,the numerical model developed in this study can provide important technical support for the risk assessment and emergency treatment of failures of cascading landslide dams.
文摘目的分析关于肺癌精准治疗的研究热点与研究前沿,预测该领域未来研究方向。方法通过CiteSpace软件检索Web of Science Core Collection(WoSCC)数据库中2018年1月1日至2022年12月31日期间该领域的文章进行可视化分析,分析内容包括年度分布、国家、机构、作者、高频关键词等。结果共检索到1583篇相关文献,发文量总体呈上升趋势。81个国家/地区、290个机构、263位作者参与了肺癌精准治疗领域的相关研究。关键词分析显示现阶段“靶向治疗”“液体活检”“表皮生长因子受体(EGFR)”“酪氨酸激酶抑制剂(TKI)”“循环肿瘤细胞(CTCs)”“循环肿瘤DNA(ctDNA)”和“二代测序技术(NGS)”等词为该领域的热点关键词。结论目前肺癌精准治疗相关研究正处于快速发展阶段。未来需对当前研究热点进行更加深入的研究,加强跨国家及跨机构的高质量合作,为肺癌精准治疗提供更为前沿的方向。
文摘目的评估电视胸腔镜手术(VATS)术前行CT引导下Hook-wire定位对治疗同时性多原发性肺癌(SMPLC的有效性及安全性。方法回顾性分析自2011年2月～2016年12月,东南大学附属江阴市人民医院胸外科收治的SMPLC患者47例,所有患者均在CT引导下留置Hook-wire定位针,并行VATS切除病灶,根据术中冰冻病理结果决定进一步手术方式。统计定位准确率、VATS切除成功率、并发症发生率等。结果 47例SMPLC患者中,单侧SMPLC患者19例,双侧SMPLC患者28例。CT引导下带钩钢丝定位成功率为100%,定位时间为(34.98±5.95)min。患者定位后发生少量气胸(肺压缩<20%)7例(14.9%),无需处理。定位过程中发生中等量气胸(肺压缩≥20%)4例(8.6%),在手术过程中发生对侧气胸2例(4.3%),VATS探查过程中出现少量出血(≤50 m L)2例(4.3%),均未出现进行性血胸,未找到病理标本1例(2.1%),中转开胸手术2例(4.3%)。所有患者均为未发现定位针移位和脱落。结论术前CT引导下Hook-wire定位准确、安全、并发症少,对SMPLC的VATS诊治具有良好的临床价值。
文摘目的分析预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效生物标志物研究的发展现状,为后续研究提供参考。方法计算机检索Web of Science核心合集2017—2021年收录的预测非小细胞肺癌免疫治疗疗效的生物标志物研究。通过CiteSpace对该领域文献的年度分布、期刊、作者、国家、机构、关键词等进行可视化分析。结果共纳入426篇文献,包括298篇论著、128篇综述。年平均发文量约为85篇,发文量呈逐年增加趋势。细胞程序性死亡配体1(PD-L1)表达、肿瘤突变负荷、肿瘤微环境、液体活检等为该领域的热点关键词。结论未来将液体活检、肿瘤微环境生物标志物与影像组学分析联合起来,对非小细胞肺癌患者体内淋巴细胞的免疫状态以及病灶特征等肿瘤相关信息进行更加精准的评估可能是该领域的研究热点及前沿。
