轧辊磨床颤振的变速抑制方法与动力学建模

轧辊磨削过程中受磨削参数和外界因素的影响,会诱发颤振导致轧辊表面产生振纹,严重影响磨削质量与效率。为了解决磨削中颤振带来的磨削质量问题,基于磨床双时延模型,考虑轧辊与砂轮转速的周期性变化,推导了变速工况下磨削力求解公式,建立了轧辊磨床砂轮与轧辊变速动力学模型。仿真分析了不同转速变化周期、幅值时轧辊磨床的振动特征,模拟了轧辊磨床不同磨削阶段的轧辊磨床颤振抑制方法。同时,将仿真数据与试验数据进行对比,验证了模型的有效性和准确性,为有效地抑制颤振和提高磨削质量提供了一个新的方法与手段。

基于轮齿剥落故障的齿轮动力学特性及特征提取方法

齿轮在啮合过程受到交变载荷的作用,会在齿面产生剥落等故障,严重影响齿轮啮合的稳定性和可靠性。推导了轮齿剥落故障时齿轮啮合刚度计算公式,研究了时变刚度计算方法,建立了轮齿剥落故障的齿轮啮合动力学模型;并利用试验验证了动力学模型的有效性。同时研究了缺陷尺寸和输入转速对齿轮振动特性的影响,引入包络谱信息熵的方法对缺陷时齿轮的振动特性进行了研究。为进一步研究齿轮故障分类等方法提供了理论依据和实践支撑。

Dynamic characteristics of gear system under different micro-topographies with the same roughness on tooth surface

The topography of gear meshing interfaces is one of the key factors affecting the dynamic characteristics of the gear transmission system.In order to obtain the contact characteristics of meshing gear pair with different surface micro-topographies,an interface feature model and a tribo-dynamics coupling model for the gear system are proposed in this paper.The effects of the gear tooth surface micro-topography on the oil film distribution,contact damping and friction are considered.The time-varying meshing stiffness and the static transmission error are included in the abovementioned models.An exemplary gear pair is analyzed using the proposed models to investigate the influence of the surface micro-topography on the dynamic characteristics of gear system under different micro-topographies and input torque conditions.Simulation results show that the effects of gear tooth micro-topography on the gear dynamic responses(including the friction and the vicious damping at the gear meshing interface and the vibration in the direction of offline of action)are highly dependent on the regularity of tooth surface.The vibration and noise can be significantly controlled by manufacturing a regular gear tooth profiles instead of random profiles.

金沙江干热河谷典型林草地植物根系对土壤优先流的影响

为了明确土壤优先流形态特征以及植物根系对其形成的影响,以金沙江干热河谷元谋县苴那小流域典型植被类型银合欢人工林地和扭黄茅荒草地为研究对象,基于染色示踪法并结合Photoshop CS5和Image-Pro Plus 6.0图像处理技术,分析了2种植被下的土壤优先流形态特征和分布特征,并探究了植物根系对其的影响。结果表明:林地和荒草地的土壤优先流染色面积具有明显差异,林地染色面积比总体随土壤深度的增加而减小,但部分地方表现出增大现象;荒草地染色面积比随土壤深度增加呈单调递减,林地优先流发生程度高于荒草地。根系对优先流的形成具有重要影响,根径0≤d≤5 mm和d>10 mm范围内,林地根长密度随着土层深度的增加呈单调递减趋势,5 mm5 mm根径的根长密度、根重密度、根表面积的相关性不显著。研究区2种地类的土壤优先流染色面积总体变化趋势为随土壤深度的增加而减小,植物根系与土壤优先流的形成关系密切,其中,细根能显著促进土壤优先流的形成,粗根对优先流的形成具有局限性。