The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pionee...The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun.The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.展开更多
Significant progress has been made by Chinese scientists in research of interplanetary physics during the recent two years(2018–2020).These achievements are reflected at least in the following aspects:Activities in s...Significant progress has been made by Chinese scientists in research of interplanetary physics during the recent two years(2018–2020).These achievements are reflected at least in the following aspects:Activities in solar corona and lower solar atmosphere;solar wind and turbulence;filament/prominence,jets,flares,and radio bursts;active regions and solar eruptions;coronal mass ejections and their interplanetary counterparts;other interplanetary structures;space weather prediction methods;magnetic reconnection;Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)numerical modeling;solar energetic particles,cosmic rays,and Forbush decreases;machine learning methods in space weather and other aspects.More than one hundred and forty papers in the academic journals have been published in these research directions.These fruitful achievements are obtained by Chinese scholars in solar physics and space physics either independently or through international collaborations.They greatly improve people’s understanding of solar activities,solar eruptions,the corresponding space weather effects,and the Sun-Earth relations.Here we will give a very brief review on the research progress.However,it must be pointed out that this paper may not completely cover all achievements in this field due to our limited knowledge.展开更多
Through independent research by the Chinese scientists or their international collaborations,great achievements have been made in interplanetary physics research in China' Mainland during the past two years(2020-2...Through independent research by the Chinese scientists or their international collaborations,great achievements have been made in interplanetary physics research in China' Mainland during the past two years(2020-2022).More than 150 papers have been published in academic journals in this field during this period.These achievements can be grouped into the following areas,at least:(i)solar corona;(ii)solar and interplanetary transient phenomena;(iii)radio bursts;(iv)Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)numerical modeling;(v)solar energetic particles and cosmic rays.These advances have greatly enriched our understanding of interplanetary physics,i.e.our knowledge of solar activities and solar eruptions,their propagation in the interplanetary space,and the corresponding geoeffects on the Earth.In the sense of application,they have also improved the forecasting of space weather.In this paper we will give a very short review about these advances.展开更多
Mars orbiter magnetometer(MOMAG)is one of seven science payloads onboard Tianwen-1’s orbiter.Unlike most of the satellites,Tianwen-1’s orbiter is not magnetically cleaned,and the boom where placed the magnetometer’...Mars orbiter magnetometer(MOMAG)is one of seven science payloads onboard Tianwen-1’s orbiter.Unlike most of the satellites,Tianwen-1’s orbiter is not magnetically cleaned,and the boom where placed the magnetometer’s sensors is not long enough.These pose many challenges to the magnetic field data processing.In this study,we introduce the in-flight calibration process of the Tianwen-1/MOMAG.The magnetic interference including spacecraft generated dynamic field and the slowlychanging zero offsets are cleaned in sequence.Then the calibrated magnetic field data are compared with the data from the Mars atmosphere and volatile Evolutio N(MAVEN).We find that some physical structures in the solar wind are consistent between the two data sets,and the distributions of the magnetic field strength in the solar wind are very similar.These results suggest that the in-flight calibration of the MOMAG is successful and the MOMAG provides reliable data for scientific research.展开更多
A Chinese geosynchronous satellite was launched on June 23,2020.It carried a plasma detection package to monitor the space environment around the orbit.Here we report the inflight performance of a low energy ion spect...A Chinese geosynchronous satellite was launched on June 23,2020.It carried a plasma detection package to monitor the space environment around the orbit.Here we report the inflight performance of a low energy ion spectrometer(LEIS),one of the primary instruments in the plasma detection package,and its initial observations in flight.Benefiting from the state-of-the-art design of a top-hat electrostatic analyzer cooperated with angular scanning deflectors,three-dimensional measurement of ions in space with a large field of view of 360°×90°and a wide energy range from 50 eV to 25 keV per charge has been achieved.The differential energy flux spectra of ions around the orbit have shown clear signatures of surface charging and storm/substorm ion injections.The occurrence of surface charging could be caused by the lack of photoemission at the Earth's eclipse(near the midnight)or the storm energetic electron injection at the dawn sector.The present results demonstrated a good performance of the LEIS payload in flight for monitoring the space ion environment around the orbit.In situ measurements of the LEIS payload provide us an opportunity to understand the magnetospheric ion dynamics and forecast the associate space weather impacts.展开更多
The concept of the Solar Ring mission was gradually formed from L5/L4 mission concept, and the proposal of its pre-phase study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China in November 2018 and then b...The concept of the Solar Ring mission was gradually formed from L5/L4 mission concept, and the proposal of its pre-phase study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China in November 2018 and then by the Strategic Priority Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences in space sciences in May 2019. Solar Ring mission will be the first attempt to routinely monitor and study the Sun and inner heliosphere from a full 360-degree perspective in the ecliptic plane. The current preliminary design of the Solar Ring mission is to deploy six spacecraft, grouped in three pairs, on a sub-AU orbit around the Sun. The two spacecraft in each group are separated by about 30?and every two groups by about 120?. This configuration with necessary science payloads will allow us to establish three unprecedented capabilities:(1) determine the photospheric vector magnetic field with unambiguity,(2) provide 360-degree maps of the Sun and the inner heliosphere routinely, and(3) resolve the solar wind structures at multiple scales and multiple longitudes. With these capabilities, the Solar Ring mission aims to address the origin of solar cycle, the origin of solar eruptions, the origin of solar wind structures and the origin of severe space weather events. The successful accomplishment of the mission will advance our understanding of the star and the space environment that hold our life and enhance our capability of expanding the next new territory of human.展开更多
A low-energy ion spectrometer(LEIS) for use aboard three-axis stabilized spacecraft has been developed to measure ion energy per charge distribution in three-dimensional space with good energy-, angular-and temporal-r...A low-energy ion spectrometer(LEIS) for use aboard three-axis stabilized spacecraft has been developed to measure ion energy per charge distribution in three-dimensional space with good energy-, angular-and temporal-resolutions. For the standard top-hat electrostatic analyzer used widely in space plasma detection, three-axis stabilized spacecraft makes it difficult to obtain complete coverage of all possible ion arrival directions. We have designed angular scanning deflectors supplementing to a cylindrically symmetric top-hat electrostatic analyzer to provide a half-space field of view as 360°×90°(–45°–+45°), and fabricated the LEIS flight model for detecting magnetospheric ions in geosynchronous orbit. The performance of this payload has been evaluated in detail by a series of simulation and environmental tests, and the payload has also been calibrated through laboratory experiments using a low-energy ion source. The results show that capabilities of the LEIS payload are in accordance with the requirements of a magnetospheric mission.展开更多
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program on Space Science(XDA04060801,XDA04060802,XDA04060803,XDA04060804)of Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe Specialized Research Fund for State Key Laboratory of China+1 种基金the Chinese National Science Foundation(41374175,41204129)the CAS/SAFEA international Partnership Program for Creative Research Teams
文摘The Solar Polar ORbit Telescope(SPORT) project for space weather mission has been under intensive scientific and engineering background studies since it was incorporated into the Chinese Space Science Strategic Pioneer Project in 2011.SPORT is designed to carry a suite of remote-sensing and in-situ instruments to observe Coronal Mass Ejections(CMEs),energetic particles,solar high-latitude magnetism,and the fast solar wind from a polar orbit around the Sun.The first extended view of the polar regions of the Sun and the ecliptic enabled by SPORT will provide a unique opportunity to study CME propagation through the inner heliosphere,and the solar high-latitude magnetism giving rise to eruptions and the fast solar wind.Coordinated observations between SPORT and other spaceborne/ground-based facilities within the International Living With a Star(ILWS) framework can significantly enhance scientific output.SPORT is now competing for official selection and implementation during China's 13 th Five-Year Plan period of 2016-2020.
基金Supported by the B-type Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB41000000)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(41531073,41731067,41861164026,41874202,41474153)+1 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2016133)Chinese Academy of Sciences Research Fund for Key Development Directions。
文摘Significant progress has been made by Chinese scientists in research of interplanetary physics during the recent two years(2018–2020).These achievements are reflected at least in the following aspects:Activities in solar corona and lower solar atmosphere;solar wind and turbulence;filament/prominence,jets,flares,and radio bursts;active regions and solar eruptions;coronal mass ejections and their interplanetary counterparts;other interplanetary structures;space weather prediction methods;magnetic reconnection;Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)numerical modeling;solar energetic particles,cosmic rays,and Forbush decreases;machine learning methods in space weather and other aspects.More than one hundred and forty papers in the academic journals have been published in these research directions.These fruitful achievements are obtained by Chinese scholars in solar physics and space physics either independently or through international collaborations.They greatly improve people’s understanding of solar activities,solar eruptions,the corresponding space weather effects,and the Sun-Earth relations.Here we will give a very brief review on the research progress.However,it must be pointed out that this paper may not completely cover all achievements in this field due to our limited knowledge.
基金Supported by the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB 41000000)National Natural Science Foundation of China(41531073,41731067,41861164026,41874202,41474153,42074183 and U1738128)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(2016133)Pandeng Program of National Space Science CenterChinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘Through independent research by the Chinese scientists or their international collaborations,great achievements have been made in interplanetary physics research in China' Mainland during the past two years(2020-2022).More than 150 papers have been published in academic journals in this field during this period.These achievements can be grouped into the following areas,at least:(i)solar corona;(ii)solar and interplanetary transient phenomena;(iii)radio bursts;(iv)Magnetohydrodynamic(MHD)numerical modeling;(v)solar energetic particles and cosmic rays.These advances have greatly enriched our understanding of interplanetary physics,i.e.our knowledge of solar activities and solar eruptions,their propagation in the interplanetary space,and the corresponding geoeffects on the Earth.In the sense of application,they have also improved the forecasting of space weather.In this paper we will give a very short review about these advances.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.42130204,42188101&42241155)the Strategic Priority Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.XDB41000000)the support of the Tencent Foundation。
文摘Mars orbiter magnetometer(MOMAG)is one of seven science payloads onboard Tianwen-1’s orbiter.Unlike most of the satellites,Tianwen-1’s orbiter is not magnetically cleaned,and the boom where placed the magnetometer’s sensors is not long enough.These pose many challenges to the magnetic field data processing.In this study,we introduce the in-flight calibration process of the Tianwen-1/MOMAG.The magnetic interference including spacecraft generated dynamic field and the slowlychanging zero offsets are cleaned in sequence.Then the calibrated magnetic field data are compared with the data from the Mars atmosphere and volatile Evolutio N(MAVEN).We find that some physical structures in the solar wind are consistent between the two data sets,and the distributions of the magnetic field strength in the solar wind are very similar.These results suggest that the in-flight calibration of the MOMAG is successful and the MOMAG provides reliable data for scientific research.
基金supported by the grants from Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant Nos.XDB41000000,QYZDB-SSW-DQC015)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.42188101)。
文摘A Chinese geosynchronous satellite was launched on June 23,2020.It carried a plasma detection package to monitor the space environment around the orbit.Here we report the inflight performance of a low energy ion spectrometer(LEIS),one of the primary instruments in the plasma detection package,and its initial observations in flight.Benefiting from the state-of-the-art design of a top-hat electrostatic analyzer cooperated with angular scanning deflectors,three-dimensional measurement of ions in space with a large field of view of 360°×90°and a wide energy range from 50 eV to 25 keV per charge has been achieved.The differential energy flux spectra of ions around the orbit have shown clear signatures of surface charging and storm/substorm ion injections.The occurrence of surface charging could be caused by the lack of photoemission at the Earth's eclipse(near the midnight)or the storm energetic electron injection at the dawn sector.The present results demonstrated a good performance of the LEIS payload in flight for monitoring the space ion environment around the orbit.In situ measurements of the LEIS payload provide us an opportunity to understand the magnetospheric ion dynamics and forecast the associate space weather impacts.
基金supported by the Strategic Priority Program of CAS (Grant Nos. XDB41000000 and XDA15017300)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC)(Grant No. 41842037)+5 种基金supported by the CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences (Grant No. QYZDB-SSW-DQC015)the NSFC (Grant Nos. 417741784176113408841750110481 and 11925302)the NSFC (Grant No. 11790302)the NSFC (Grant No. 41627806)。
文摘The concept of the Solar Ring mission was gradually formed from L5/L4 mission concept, and the proposal of its pre-phase study was funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China in November 2018 and then by the Strategic Priority Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences in space sciences in May 2019. Solar Ring mission will be the first attempt to routinely monitor and study the Sun and inner heliosphere from a full 360-degree perspective in the ecliptic plane. The current preliminary design of the Solar Ring mission is to deploy six spacecraft, grouped in three pairs, on a sub-AU orbit around the Sun. The two spacecraft in each group are separated by about 30?and every two groups by about 120?. This configuration with necessary science payloads will allow us to establish three unprecedented capabilities:(1) determine the photospheric vector magnetic field with unambiguity,(2) provide 360-degree maps of the Sun and the inner heliosphere routinely, and(3) resolve the solar wind structures at multiple scales and multiple longitudes. With these capabilities, the Solar Ring mission aims to address the origin of solar cycle, the origin of solar eruptions, the origin of solar wind structures and the origin of severe space weather events. The successful accomplishment of the mission will advance our understanding of the star and the space environment that hold our life and enhance our capability of expanding the next new territory of human.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.41327802)the CAS Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences(Grant No.QYZDB-SSW-DQC015)
文摘A low-energy ion spectrometer(LEIS) for use aboard three-axis stabilized spacecraft has been developed to measure ion energy per charge distribution in three-dimensional space with good energy-, angular-and temporal-resolutions. For the standard top-hat electrostatic analyzer used widely in space plasma detection, three-axis stabilized spacecraft makes it difficult to obtain complete coverage of all possible ion arrival directions. We have designed angular scanning deflectors supplementing to a cylindrically symmetric top-hat electrostatic analyzer to provide a half-space field of view as 360°×90°(–45°–+45°), and fabricated the LEIS flight model for detecting magnetospheric ions in geosynchronous orbit. The performance of this payload has been evaluated in detail by a series of simulation and environmental tests, and the payload has also been calibrated through laboratory experiments using a low-energy ion source. The results show that capabilities of the LEIS payload are in accordance with the requirements of a magnetospheric mission.
