Pressure reduction station(PRS)is an essential facility in natural gas transmission,which owns the function of pressure reduction,demand-supply management and flow metering.However,a large number of PRSs are located i...Pressure reduction station(PRS)is an essential facility in natural gas transmission,which owns the function of pressure reduction,demand-supply management and flow metering.However,a large number of PRSs are located in off-grid areas and powered by battery equipment resulting in high maintenance costs.So,how to realize the energy independence of these PRSs is an urgent issue to be solved.Therefore,the natural gas fired thermoelectric generation(FTEG)module,including gas flue,cover,TEGs and heat radiators,is designed for PRS in off-grid areas.Phase change material is introduced into the FTEG module to change the operation mode from continuous mode into a periodic mode,and the prototype of the FTEG module is built to discuss the generation performance in different modes.The results show that the generation efficiency of the FTEG module is improved by 63%in periodic mode compared with the continuous mode.Then,the numerical model is established to investigate the impacts of air coefficient,cold-side heat radiator and number of TEGs on the module performance.It found that the impacts of cold-side heat radiator and the number of TEGs are more significant than those of the air coefficient.After adjusting these key parameters,an optimized FTEG module with 32 TEGs is proposed,which has an average power generation of 16.4 W and a heat collection efficiency of 84.6%.Eventually,3 to 6 modules can be connected in series to meet the power requirement of 50 W to 100 W for PRS.This high-performance FTEG module can accelerate the process of achieving the energy independence of PRS and promote its application in mesoscale equipment.展开更多
In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat lo...In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat load taken into account.The model was generalized and simplified by introducing dimensionless parameters.Experimental measurements showed good agreement with analytical results.The parametric analysis indicated that the influence of the Thomson effect on cooling capacity continued to expand with increasing current,while the effect on COP hardly changed with current.Low thermal contact resistance was beneficial to obtain lower hot-junction temperature,which can even reduce 2 K compared with the electrical contact resistance in the case study.The gap heat leakage was a negative factor affecting the cooling performance.When the thermal resistance of the heat sink was small,the negative effect of heat leakage on performance would be further enlarged.The enhancement of heat load temperature would increase the cooling power of the TEC.For example,an increase of 5 K in heat load can increase the cooling capacity by about 4%.However,once the current exceeded the optimum value,the raising effect on the cooling power would be weakened.The research can provide an analytical approach for the designer to perform trade studies to optimize the TEC system.展开更多
基金jointly supported by the Natural Science Foundation of China(52176007)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2016YXMS048)Basic Research Program of Shenzhen Science and Technology(JCYJ20210324115611030)。
文摘Pressure reduction station(PRS)is an essential facility in natural gas transmission,which owns the function of pressure reduction,demand-supply management and flow metering.However,a large number of PRSs are located in off-grid areas and powered by battery equipment resulting in high maintenance costs.So,how to realize the energy independence of these PRSs is an urgent issue to be solved.Therefore,the natural gas fired thermoelectric generation(FTEG)module,including gas flue,cover,TEGs and heat radiators,is designed for PRS in off-grid areas.Phase change material is introduced into the FTEG module to change the operation mode from continuous mode into a periodic mode,and the prototype of the FTEG module is built to discuss the generation performance in different modes.The results show that the generation efficiency of the FTEG module is improved by 63%in periodic mode compared with the continuous mode.Then,the numerical model is established to investigate the impacts of air coefficient,cold-side heat radiator and number of TEGs on the module performance.It found that the impacts of cold-side heat radiator and the number of TEGs are more significant than those of the air coefficient.After adjusting these key parameters,an optimized FTEG module with 32 TEGs is proposed,which has an average power generation of 16.4 W and a heat collection efficiency of 84.6%.Eventually,3 to 6 modules can be connected in series to meet the power requirement of 50 W to 100 W for PRS.This high-performance FTEG module can accelerate the process of achieving the energy independence of PRS and promote its application in mesoscale equipment.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(NSFC)(Grant No.52106032)the Science Challenge Program(Grant No.TZ2018003)+2 种基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.51778511)the Hubei Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.2018CFA029)the Key Project of ESI Discipline Development of Wuhan University of Technology(WUT Grant No.2017001)。
文摘In this paper,a one-dimensional thermodynamic model was developed to evaluate the device-level performance of thermoelectric cooler(TEC)with the Thomson effect,contact resistance,gap heat leakage,heat sink,and heat load taken into account.The model was generalized and simplified by introducing dimensionless parameters.Experimental measurements showed good agreement with analytical results.The parametric analysis indicated that the influence of the Thomson effect on cooling capacity continued to expand with increasing current,while the effect on COP hardly changed with current.Low thermal contact resistance was beneficial to obtain lower hot-junction temperature,which can even reduce 2 K compared with the electrical contact resistance in the case study.The gap heat leakage was a negative factor affecting the cooling performance.When the thermal resistance of the heat sink was small,the negative effect of heat leakage on performance would be further enlarged.The enhancement of heat load temperature would increase the cooling power of the TEC.For example,an increase of 5 K in heat load can increase the cooling capacity by about 4%.However,once the current exceeded the optimum value,the raising effect on the cooling power would be weakened.The research can provide an analytical approach for the designer to perform trade studies to optimize the TEC system.
