The presence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems is of increasing global concern.Nano-sized plastics,in particular,can penetrate the cell membrane and cause biological death.Our study evaluated the combined impacts...The presence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems is of increasing global concern.Nano-sized plastics,in particular,can penetrate the cell membrane and cause biological death.Our study evaluated the combined impacts of several polystyrene mi-crospheres’sizes and nominal concentrations on the overall performance changes of Brachionus plicatilis.Experimental animals were exposed to three microplastic sizes(0.08,0.5 and 6μm)and five nominal concentrations(0,0.5,2,8,32μg mL−1)for 20 d.Our results showed that the toxicological effect of particle size on rotifers did not significantly depend on the nominal concentration.The interaction between the nominal concentration and size occurred only for body length and lorica width.Specifically,high nominal concentrations of microplastics that were close to nanometer size significantly impaired the overall vitality of rotifers,embodied in shortage of body type,delay in the arrival of maturity,reduction in the cumulative number of neonates,and the advance of the death process.In comparison,fair-sized size(0.5 and 6μm)displayed non-significant damage except for individual groups.Most notably,the net reproductive yield was only a third of what it was in the original environment,implying that there was not much fertility left.Besides,with the development of rotifers,the adverse effects of polystyrene microsphere drive had become more and more serious.展开更多
Traditional multi-mode fiber spectrometers rely on algorithms to reconstruct the transmission matrix of the fiber,facing the challenge that the same wavelength can lead to many totally de-correlated speckle patterns a...Traditional multi-mode fiber spectrometers rely on algorithms to reconstruct the transmission matrix of the fiber,facing the challenge that the same wavelength can lead to many totally de-correlated speckle patterns as the transfer matrix changes rapidly with environment fluctuations(typically temperature fluctuation).In this manuscript,we theoretically propose a multi-mode-fiber(MMF)based,artificial intelligence assisted spectrometer which is ultra-robust to temperature fluctuation.It has been demonstrated that the proposed spectrometer can reach a resolution of 0.1 pm and automatically reject the noise introduced by temperature fluctuation.The system is ultra-robust and with ultra-high spectral resolution which is beneficial for real life applications.展开更多
基金funded by research grants from the Na-tural Science Foundation of China(Nos.41706142 and 61936014)the National Modern Agricultural Industry Technology System Construction Project(No.CARS-49)the National Key R&D Program during the 13th Five-Year Plan Period(No.2018YFD900603).Dr.Yan-ming Sui is supported by a fellowship from China Schol-arship Council.
文摘The presence of microplastics in aquatic ecosystems is of increasing global concern.Nano-sized plastics,in particular,can penetrate the cell membrane and cause biological death.Our study evaluated the combined impacts of several polystyrene mi-crospheres’sizes and nominal concentrations on the overall performance changes of Brachionus plicatilis.Experimental animals were exposed to three microplastic sizes(0.08,0.5 and 6μm)and five nominal concentrations(0,0.5,2,8,32μg mL−1)for 20 d.Our results showed that the toxicological effect of particle size on rotifers did not significantly depend on the nominal concentration.The interaction between the nominal concentration and size occurred only for body length and lorica width.Specifically,high nominal concentrations of microplastics that were close to nanometer size significantly impaired the overall vitality of rotifers,embodied in shortage of body type,delay in the arrival of maturity,reduction in the cumulative number of neonates,and the advance of the death process.In comparison,fair-sized size(0.5 and 6μm)displayed non-significant damage except for individual groups.Most notably,the net reproductive yield was only a third of what it was in the original environment,implying that there was not much fertility left.Besides,with the development of rotifers,the adverse effects of polystyrene microsphere drive had become more and more serious.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.91750205,U1701661,61935013,61975128,61905147 and 61805165)the Leading Talents Program of Guangdong Province(No.00201505)+2 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(Nos.2016A030312010,2019TQ05X750 and 2020A1515010598)the Science,Technology and Innovation Commission of Shenzhen Municipality(Nos.JCYJ20180507182035270,KQTD2017033011044403,ZDSYS201703031605029,KQTD20180412181324255 and JCYJ2017818144338999)the Shenzhen University Starting Fund(No.2019073)
文摘Traditional multi-mode fiber spectrometers rely on algorithms to reconstruct the transmission matrix of the fiber,facing the challenge that the same wavelength can lead to many totally de-correlated speckle patterns as the transfer matrix changes rapidly with environment fluctuations(typically temperature fluctuation).In this manuscript,we theoretically propose a multi-mode-fiber(MMF)based,artificial intelligence assisted spectrometer which is ultra-robust to temperature fluctuation.It has been demonstrated that the proposed spectrometer can reach a resolution of 0.1 pm and automatically reject the noise introduced by temperature fluctuation.The system is ultra-robust and with ultra-high spectral resolution which is beneficial for real life applications.
