菌株和栽培地对香菇子实体多糖含量及分子量分布特征的影响

采用苯酚-硫酸法测定栽培于河南省驻马店市的38个香菇(Lentinula edodes)菌株子实体多糖含量,并采用高效分子排阻色谱-多角度激光光散射-示差折光检测器联用法分析子实体多糖的分子量分布,依据出峰时间和出峰数量将样品进行分组,对每组图谱进行组内及组间相似度评价,并比较组内和组间样品多糖含量;随机选择4个菌株,分别栽培于河南省驻马店市和湖北省随州市,比较同一菌株不同栽培地所产香菇子实体的多糖含量和分子量分布特征。结果显示,不同菌株多糖含量为2.35%~7.82%,均值为4.98%,变异系数较大,达28.43%。依据出峰情况可将样品分为6组(A~F),其中P1为共有峰,出峰时间均在22.3~26.0 min,重均分子量为4.259×10^(6)~1.039×10^(7) g·mol^(-1),各组的P2保留时间有较大差异,重均分子量均大于10~6 g·mol^(-1),P3只存在于D、E、F组,出峰时间均在30 min后,重均分子量为2.415×10^(5)~5.235×10^(6) g·mol^(-1)。组内样品相似度为0.915~0.997,组间除A组和B组相似度为0.847,其余组均小于0.7,且多糖含量与分子量分布图谱不存在相关性。同一菌株不同栽培地的香菇子实体多糖分子量分布中峰的数量和多糖含量均有差异。研究结果为提取香菇多糖选取优良子实体原料提供参考。

疏肝排石方联合耳穴压豆疗法治疗肝胆管结石术后患者临床研究

目的:观察疏肝排石方联合耳穴压豆疗法对肝胆管结石术后患者住院时间、胆汁生化指标、肝功能、疼痛及结石残留率的影响。方法:选取70例肝胆管结石术后患者,按随机数字表法分为对照组和治疗组各35例。对照组给予常规抗炎、止痛等西医方法治疗,治疗组在对照组基础上加用疏肝排石方内服联合耳穴压豆疗法。记录2组住院时间,比较2组患者治疗前后血清胆汁生化指标、肝功能指标、疼痛评分及残石率。结果:2组住院时间分布情况比较,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗后,2组总胆汁酸(TBA)、总胆红素(TBil)、直接胆红素(DBil)水平均较治疗前降低(P<0.01);治疗组TBA、TBil、DBil水平均低于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗后,2组谷丙转氨酶(ALT)、谷草转氨酶(AST)水平均较治疗前下降(P<0.01),前白蛋白(PA)水平均较治疗前上升(P<0.01);治疗组ALT、AST水平均低于对照组(P<0.01),PA水平高于对照组(P<0.01)。治疗6 h、12 h、24 h、48 h,治疗组数字分级法(NRS)疼痛评分均低于对照组(P<0.05)。治疗后,治疗组结石残留率低于对照组(P<0.05)。结论:疏肝排石方联合耳穴压豆疗法可以增加肝胆管结石术后患者的胆汁分泌量,促进残石排出,减轻术后疼痛。

136例老年阑尾炎术后患者中医辨证施治与护理对比研究

目的:观察老年阑尾炎术后患者实施中医辨证施治与护理的临床疗效。方法:将136例老年阑尾炎术后患者随机分为2组各68例。对照组采用常规抗感染、补液、补充电解质、维持酸碱平衡等西医疗法,治疗组在对照组西医治疗的基础上加用中医辨证施治与护理,即中药口服、中药散剂穴位贴敷及耳穴压豆、穴位按压。分别观察2组患者术后下床活动时间、住院时间、中医证候积分、并发症发生率及治疗满意度情况并进行对比。结果:与对照组相比,治疗组术后下床活动时间、住院时间均明显缩短(P<0.05)。2组治疗后中医证候积分均下降,治疗组改善优于对照组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,治疗组并发症发生率显著降低(P<0.05)。与对照组相比,治疗组满意度升高,差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论:老年阑尾炎术后给予中医辨证施治与护理干预,个体化的治疗,疗效优于单纯西医治疗。

Isolation,Purification and Immunomodifying Activity of Polysaccharides from Phellinus igniarius

Phellinus igniarius polysaccharides were obtained by hot water extraction of mushroom fruit bodies followed by ethanol precipitation,and further purified by anion exchange and gel filtration chromatography.Immuno-enhancing activity was evaluated by determining the effect of different polysaccharide fractions on mouse spleen lymphocyte proliferation in vitro.Three crude polysaccharide preparations,designated PIP30,PIP60 and PIP80 according to the percentage concentration of ethanol required for precipitation from hot aqueous extracts,promoted lymphocyte proliferation to varying degrees.Purification of polysaccharide present in PIP30 and PIP60 was carried out using anion exchange chromatography.Proliferation rates in samples treated with 200 μg/mL of fractions P30U,P30W and P30S1(obtained following anion exchange chromatography of PIP30) were approximately 5-,4-,and 3.5-fold higher,respectively compared with negative controls.Similarly,marked increases(3.4-and 2.8-fold) in cell proliferation rates compared with negative controls were observed with 200 μg/mL concentrations of P60W and P60S2(obtained following anion exchange chromatography of PIP60),respectively.Two purified polysaccharide preparations,P60W1-1 and P60S1-1,were obtained following gel filtation chromatography of fractions P60W1 and P0S1,respectively.Fraction P60W1-1(10-100 g/mL) enhanced splenocyte proliferation 0.5-1.4-fold compared with negative controls,whereas no effects were observed with P60S1-1.