为了解小麦耐盐相关性状的遗传机理,挖掘与小麦耐盐性显著相关的SNP位点及候选基因,本研究利用浓度200 mmol/L的NaCl溶液和正常营养液对全国300份小麦品种(系)进行耐盐性试验,并利用小麦90 K芯片对分布于小麦全基因组的16650个SNP,采用...为了解小麦耐盐相关性状的遗传机理,挖掘与小麦耐盐性显著相关的SNP位点及候选基因,本研究利用浓度200 mmol/L的NaCl溶液和正常营养液对全国300份小麦品种(系)进行耐盐性试验,并利用小麦90 K芯片对分布于小麦全基因组的16650个SNP,采用Q+K关联混合模型对小麦最长根长、根干重、根鲜重、根平均直径、根尖数、根表面积、根体积和总根长等8个根部耐盐性相关性状进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS,genome-wide association study)。研究结果表明,小麦根部性状表现出广泛的表型变异,变异系数为24.3%~50.0%,多态性信息含量(PIC,polymorphic information content)为0.170~0.562,全基因组LD衰减距离为6 Mb;群体结构分析表明,试验所用300份小麦品种(系)可分为3个亚群,亚群1包含143个(47.67%)试验材料,主要来自河南、陕西和四川;亚群2包含74个(24.67%)试验材料,主要来自北京;亚群3包含83个(27.67%)试验材料,主要来自河南。GWAS共检测到77个与小麦耐盐相关性状显著关联的SNP位点(P≤0.001),这些位点分布在小麦除6D外的20条染色体上,单个SNP位点可解释3.70%~19.45%的表型变异,其中位于1A、3A、4A、7A、3D和5D染色体上的RAC875_c13169_459等6个位点同时关联到2个或2个以上性状,贡献率为3.78%~19.45%;对77个SNP位点进行发掘,筛选到17个可能与小麦耐盐性有关的候选基因。TraesCS5B01G031800(阳离子反转运蛋白)在Na+等阳离子转运中起重要作用,TraesCS5A01G329000(防御素)可以在阻断Na+等阳离子进入过程中起作用,TraesCS2A01G079000(重复富脯氨酸细胞壁蛋白)在细胞壁的形成中起重要作用,这些候选基因可作为耐盐性重要基因。展开更多
Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency in the seedling's root system are beneficial for adult plants in field condition for yield enhancement.Identification of the genetic basis between root traits and N u...Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency in the seedling's root system are beneficial for adult plants in field condition for yield enhancement.Identification of the genetic basis between root traits and N uptake plays a crucial role in wheat breeding.In the present study,198 doubled haploid lines from the cross of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 were used to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)underpinning four seedling biomass traits and five root system architecture(RSA)related traits.The plants were grown under hydroponic conditions with control,low and high N treatments(Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O at 0,0.05 and 2.0 mmol L^(-1),respectively).Significant variations among the treatments and genotypes,and positive correlations between seedling biomass and RSA traits(r=0.20 to 0.98)were observed.Inclusive composite interval mapping based on a high-density map from the Wheat 660 K single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)array identified 51 QTLs from the three N treatments.Twelve new QTLs detected on chromosomes 1 AL(1)in the control,1 DS(2)in high N treatment,4 BL(5)in low and high N treatments,and 7 DS(3)and 7 DL(1)in low N treatments,are first reported in influencing the root and biomass related traits for N uptake.The most stable QTLs(RRS.caas-4 DS)on chromosome 4 DS,which were related to ratio of root to shoot dry weight trait,was in close proximity of the Rht-D1 gene,and it showed high phenotypic effects,explaining 13.1%of the phenotypic variance.Twenty-eight QTLs were clustered in 12 genetic regions.SNP markers tightly linked to two important QTLs clusters C10 and C11 on chromosomes 6 BL and 7 BL were converted to kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)assays that underpin important traits in root development,including root dry weight,root surface area and shoot dry weight.These QTLs,clusters and KASP assays can greatly improve the efficiency of selection for root traits in wheat breeding programmes.展开更多
Wheat flour products are the main dietary component of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)population in China.However,the high altitude restricts the local wheat quality and quantity,and the applied nitrogen rate is high...Wheat flour products are the main dietary component of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)population in China.However,the high altitude restricts the local wheat quality and quantity,and the applied nitrogen rate is higher than the optimal rate for wheat planting.In this study,we considered whether reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and introducing the superior varieties from the North China Plain(NCP)are viable ways to increase the wheat quality and quantity in the QTP.Three and four winter wheat cultivars from QTP and NCP,respectively,were planted in Lhasa at an altitude of 3647 m with reduced topdressing nitrogen application at the jointing stage.The wheat from NCP exhibited higher grain hardness index and test weight,and better flour and dough quality.Reducing the topdressing nitrogen fertilizer from 135 to 75 kg N ha^(-1) at the jointing stage(with the same basal fertilization of 105 kg N ha^(-1) did not significantly(P<0.05)affect the grain yield,grain quality,flour quality or dough quality in any of the cultivars.In summary,introducing high-quality winter wheat varieties from the NCP to the Lhasa plateau is a viable way to enhance the wheat supply and quality in the QTP.Reducing a certain amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is an economic and feasible approach for the QTP region.展开更多
文摘为了解小麦耐盐相关性状的遗传机理,挖掘与小麦耐盐性显著相关的SNP位点及候选基因,本研究利用浓度200 mmol/L的NaCl溶液和正常营养液对全国300份小麦品种(系)进行耐盐性试验,并利用小麦90 K芯片对分布于小麦全基因组的16650个SNP,采用Q+K关联混合模型对小麦最长根长、根干重、根鲜重、根平均直径、根尖数、根表面积、根体积和总根长等8个根部耐盐性相关性状进行全基因组关联分析(GWAS,genome-wide association study)。研究结果表明,小麦根部性状表现出广泛的表型变异,变异系数为24.3%~50.0%,多态性信息含量(PIC,polymorphic information content)为0.170~0.562,全基因组LD衰减距离为6 Mb;群体结构分析表明,试验所用300份小麦品种(系)可分为3个亚群,亚群1包含143个(47.67%)试验材料,主要来自河南、陕西和四川;亚群2包含74个(24.67%)试验材料,主要来自北京;亚群3包含83个(27.67%)试验材料,主要来自河南。GWAS共检测到77个与小麦耐盐相关性状显著关联的SNP位点(P≤0.001),这些位点分布在小麦除6D外的20条染色体上,单个SNP位点可解释3.70%~19.45%的表型变异,其中位于1A、3A、4A、7A、3D和5D染色体上的RAC875_c13169_459等6个位点同时关联到2个或2个以上性状,贡献率为3.78%~19.45%;对77个SNP位点进行发掘,筛选到17个可能与小麦耐盐性有关的候选基因。TraesCS5B01G031800(阳离子反转运蛋白)在Na+等阳离子转运中起重要作用,TraesCS5A01G329000(防御素)可以在阻断Na+等阳离子进入过程中起作用,TraesCS2A01G079000(重复富脯氨酸细胞壁蛋白)在细胞壁的形成中起重要作用,这些候选基因可作为耐盐性重要基因。
基金the National Key R&D Program of China(2016YFD0101804-6)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(31671691)the International Science&Technology Cooperation Program of China(2016YFE0108600)。
文摘Plant nitrogen assimilation and use efficiency in the seedling's root system are beneficial for adult plants in field condition for yield enhancement.Identification of the genetic basis between root traits and N uptake plays a crucial role in wheat breeding.In the present study,198 doubled haploid lines from the cross of Yangmai 16/Zhongmai 895 were used to identify quantitative trait loci(QTLs)underpinning four seedling biomass traits and five root system architecture(RSA)related traits.The plants were grown under hydroponic conditions with control,low and high N treatments(Ca(NO_(3))_(2)·4H_(2)O at 0,0.05 and 2.0 mmol L^(-1),respectively).Significant variations among the treatments and genotypes,and positive correlations between seedling biomass and RSA traits(r=0.20 to 0.98)were observed.Inclusive composite interval mapping based on a high-density map from the Wheat 660 K single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNP)array identified 51 QTLs from the three N treatments.Twelve new QTLs detected on chromosomes 1 AL(1)in the control,1 DS(2)in high N treatment,4 BL(5)in low and high N treatments,and 7 DS(3)and 7 DL(1)in low N treatments,are first reported in influencing the root and biomass related traits for N uptake.The most stable QTLs(RRS.caas-4 DS)on chromosome 4 DS,which were related to ratio of root to shoot dry weight trait,was in close proximity of the Rht-D1 gene,and it showed high phenotypic effects,explaining 13.1%of the phenotypic variance.Twenty-eight QTLs were clustered in 12 genetic regions.SNP markers tightly linked to two important QTLs clusters C10 and C11 on chromosomes 6 BL and 7 BL were converted to kompetitive allele-specific PCR(KASP)assays that underpin important traits in root development,including root dry weight,root surface area and shoot dry weight.These QTLs,clusters and KASP assays can greatly improve the efficiency of selection for root traits in wheat breeding programmes.
基金supported by the China Agriculture Research System of MOF and MARA(CARS-03-16)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2016YFD0300407)the Agricultural Science and Technology Program for Innovation Team(Crop Cultivation and Physiology),Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences。
文摘Wheat flour products are the main dietary component of the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau(QTP)population in China.However,the high altitude restricts the local wheat quality and quantity,and the applied nitrogen rate is higher than the optimal rate for wheat planting.In this study,we considered whether reducing the amount of nitrogen fertilizer and introducing the superior varieties from the North China Plain(NCP)are viable ways to increase the wheat quality and quantity in the QTP.Three and four winter wheat cultivars from QTP and NCP,respectively,were planted in Lhasa at an altitude of 3647 m with reduced topdressing nitrogen application at the jointing stage.The wheat from NCP exhibited higher grain hardness index and test weight,and better flour and dough quality.Reducing the topdressing nitrogen fertilizer from 135 to 75 kg N ha^(-1) at the jointing stage(with the same basal fertilization of 105 kg N ha^(-1) did not significantly(P<0.05)affect the grain yield,grain quality,flour quality or dough quality in any of the cultivars.In summary,introducing high-quality winter wheat varieties from the NCP to the Lhasa plateau is a viable way to enhance the wheat supply and quality in the QTP.Reducing a certain amount of the nitrogen fertilizer is an economic and feasible approach for the QTP region.
