目的观测脑卒中康复患者住院期间的肥胖发生情况,评估膳食营养。方法对2015年11月至2018年6月住院的脑卒中康复患者115例进行身高、体质量、体型测定和膳食调查。将患者分为18～49岁(n=41)、50～64岁(n=54)和≥65岁(n=20)三组。结果各...目的观测脑卒中康复患者住院期间的肥胖发生情况,评估膳食营养。方法对2015年11月至2018年6月住院的脑卒中康复患者115例进行身高、体质量、体型测定和膳食调查。将患者分为18～49岁(n=41)、50～64岁(n=54)和≥65岁(n=20)三组。结果各组超重/肥胖和腹型肥胖发生率均较高,其中超重/肥胖率三组间有显著性差异(χ~2=6.978, P <0.05),腹型肥胖率组间无显著性差异(χ~2=3.290, P> 0.05)。各组膳食中能量、碳水化物、维生素B_1、维生素B_2、维生素E、钙、钾、镁、硒实际摄入量均低于推荐量(t> 2.548, P <0.05);胆固醇、铁、磷、铜摄入量高于推荐量(t> 2.476, P <0.05)。18～49岁组和50～64岁组蛋白质和脂肪摄入量高于推荐量(t> 2.041, P <0.05);18～49岁组烟酸摄入量大于推荐量(t=2.239, P <0.05)。结论为住院脑卒中康复患者制订营养干预计划时,要保证能量合理供应,适当提高碳水化合物摄入量,降低脂肪量,注意蛋白质、钙、铁、维生素和膳食纤维等营养素的摄入。展开更多
The solid-phase decarburization of high-carbon ferromanganese powders （HCFPs） was investigated using calcium carbonate as the decarburizer by microwave heating and conventional heating methods to explore the differ-...The solid-phase decarburization of high-carbon ferromanganese powders （HCFPs） was investigated using calcium carbonate as the decarburizer by microwave heating and conventional heating methods to explore the differ-ences of microwave heating and conventional heating. Experimental results show that HCFPs containing calcium.car-bonate were heated up to 900, 1000, 1 100, and 1200 ℃ and held for 60 rain for decarburization by microwave heat-ing at decarburization ratios of 76.69%, 82.90%, 84.11%, and 85. 75%, respectively. These ratios are higher than the decarburization ratios used for conventional heating under the same experimental conditipns. The microwave heat- ing can significantly improve decarburization ratio. This indicates the microwave heating field features a non-thermal effect, which in turn, visibly enhances the carbon diffusion ability of HCFPs. It also improves the kinetic conditions of solid-phase decarburization.展开更多
文摘目的观测脑卒中康复患者住院期间的肥胖发生情况,评估膳食营养。方法对2015年11月至2018年6月住院的脑卒中康复患者115例进行身高、体质量、体型测定和膳食调查。将患者分为18～49岁(n=41)、50～64岁(n=54)和≥65岁(n=20)三组。结果各组超重/肥胖和腹型肥胖发生率均较高,其中超重/肥胖率三组间有显著性差异(χ~2=6.978, P <0.05),腹型肥胖率组间无显著性差异(χ~2=3.290, P> 0.05)。各组膳食中能量、碳水化物、维生素B_1、维生素B_2、维生素E、钙、钾、镁、硒实际摄入量均低于推荐量(t> 2.548, P <0.05);胆固醇、铁、磷、铜摄入量高于推荐量(t> 2.476, P <0.05)。18～49岁组和50～64岁组蛋白质和脂肪摄入量高于推荐量(t> 2.041, P <0.05);18～49岁组烟酸摄入量大于推荐量(t=2.239, P <0.05)。结论为住院脑卒中康复患者制订营养干预计划时,要保证能量合理供应,适当提高碳水化合物摄入量,降低脂肪量,注意蛋白质、钙、铁、维生素和膳食纤维等营养素的摄入。
基金Item Sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China and Baosteel Group Corporation of China(50974149)
文摘The solid-phase decarburization of high-carbon ferromanganese powders （HCFPs） was investigated using calcium carbonate as the decarburizer by microwave heating and conventional heating methods to explore the differ-ences of microwave heating and conventional heating. Experimental results show that HCFPs containing calcium.car-bonate were heated up to 900, 1000, 1 100, and 1200 ℃ and held for 60 rain for decarburization by microwave heat-ing at decarburization ratios of 76.69%, 82.90%, 84.11%, and 85. 75%, respectively. These ratios are higher than the decarburization ratios used for conventional heating under the same experimental conditipns. The microwave heat- ing can significantly improve decarburization ratio. This indicates the microwave heating field features a non-thermal effect, which in turn, visibly enhances the carbon diffusion ability of HCFPs. It also improves the kinetic conditions of solid-phase decarburization.
