Large-scale water transport is one of the key factors that affect sea surface temperature anomaly（SSTA） in the eastern equatorial Pacific（EEP）.The relationship between the wave transport in the tropical Pacific an...Large-scale water transport is one of the key factors that affect sea surface temperature anomaly（SSTA） in the eastern equatorial Pacific（EEP）.The relationship between the wave transport in the tropical Pacific and the SSTA in the EEP is examined by different methods,including band-pass filtering,period analysis,correlation analysis,significant analysis,and empirical orthogonal function（EOF） analysis.We have found that the eastward shift of the wave transport anomaly in the tropical Pacific,with a period of 2 a and enhancing the transport of warm waters from the western Pacific warm pool,precedes the increase of sea surface temperature（SST） in the EEP.The wave transport and the SSTA in the EEP have a maximum correlation of 0.65 with a time-lag of 6 months（transport variation precedes the temperature）.The major periods（3.7 a and 2.45 a） of the wave transport variability,as revealed by the EOF analysis,appear to be consistent with the SSTA oscillation cycle in the EEP.Based on the first occurrence of a significant SSTA in the Ni？o 3 region（5°S–5°N,90°–150°W）,two types of warm events are defined.The wave transport anomalies in two types present predominantly the west anomaly in the tropical Pacific,it is that the wave transport continues transport warm water from west to east before the onset of the warm event.The impact of wave-induced water transport on the SSTA in the EEP is confirmed by the heat flux of the wave transport.The wave transport exerts significant effect on the SSTA variability in the EEP and thus is not neglectable in the further studies.展开更多
The effects of the mixing of wave transport flux residual(Bvl) on the upper ocean is studied through carrying out the control run(CR) and a series of sensitive runs(SR) with ROMS model.In this study,the important role...The effects of the mixing of wave transport flux residual(Bvl) on the upper ocean is studied through carrying out the control run(CR) and a series of sensitive runs(SR) with ROMS model.In this study,the important role of Bvl is revealed by comparing the ocean temperature,statistical analysis of errors and evaluating the mixed layer depth.It is shown that the overestimated SST is improved effectively when the wave-induced mixing is incorporated to the vertical mixing scheme.As can be seen from the vertical structure of temperature 28℃ isotherm changes from 20 min CR to 35 m in SR3,which is more close to the observation.Statistic analysis shows that the root-mean-square errors of the temperature in 10 m are reduced and the correlation between model results and observation data are increased after considering the effect of Bvl.The numerical results of the ocean temperature show improvement in summer and in tropical zones in winter,especially in the strong current regions in summer.In August the mixed layer depth(MLD) which is defined as the depth that the temperature has changed 0.5℃ from the reference depth of 10 m is further analyzed.The simulation results have a close relationship with undetermined coefficient of Bvl,sensitivity studies show that a coefficient about 0.1 is reasonable value in the model.展开更多
The transport flux residue of surface waves plays an important role in a variety of ocean phenomena,for example,the change in sea surface temperature(SST)and upper mixed layer profile that were studied in a series of ...The transport flux residue of surface waves plays an important role in a variety of ocean phenomena,for example,the change in sea surface temperature(SST)and upper mixed layer profile that were studied in a series of recent papers.In the previous studies,its effect was discussed rigorously and fragmented based on numerical modeling.Here we propose a relatively comprehensive and simplified exposition of the wave transport flux residue,and focus on its influence under typhoon conditions with strong background current.An analogue Reynolds Number is presented for tentative comparison with wave-generated turbulence mixing,especially in the coastal area.Numerical results indicate that both overwhelming dynamical mixing processes can remarkably change the coastal environment,and should not be ignored consciously for further marine hazards assessment.展开更多
Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which ...Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking,and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice,largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice.Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China),we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology,meteorology,and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice,and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes,waves,and sea ice under actual sea conditions.The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early waming system to sea ice disasters,and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety.展开更多
An improvement was proposed for the statistical theory of breaking entrainment depth and surface whitecap coverage of real sea waves in this study.The ratio of the kinetic and potential energy was estimated on a theor...An improvement was proposed for the statistical theory of breaking entrainment depth and surface whitecap coverage of real sea waves in this study.The ratio of the kinetic and potential energy was estimated on a theoretical level,and optimal constants were determined to improve the statistical theory model for wave breaking.We also performed a sensitivity test to the model constants.A comparison between the model and in situ observations indicated that the level of agreement was better than has been achieved in previous studies.展开更多
文摘Large-scale water transport is one of the key factors that affect sea surface temperature anomaly（SSTA） in the eastern equatorial Pacific（EEP）.The relationship between the wave transport in the tropical Pacific and the SSTA in the EEP is examined by different methods,including band-pass filtering,period analysis,correlation analysis,significant analysis,and empirical orthogonal function（EOF） analysis.We have found that the eastward shift of the wave transport anomaly in the tropical Pacific,with a period of 2 a and enhancing the transport of warm waters from the western Pacific warm pool,precedes the increase of sea surface temperature（SST） in the EEP.The wave transport and the SSTA in the EEP have a maximum correlation of 0.65 with a time-lag of 6 months（transport variation precedes the temperature）.The major periods（3.7 a and 2.45 a） of the wave transport variability,as revealed by the EOF analysis,appear to be consistent with the SSTA oscillation cycle in the EEP.Based on the first occurrence of a significant SSTA in the Ni？o 3 region（5°S–5°N,90°–150°W）,two types of warm events are defined.The wave transport anomalies in two types present predominantly the west anomaly in the tropical Pacific,it is that the wave transport continues transport warm water from west to east before the onset of the warm event.The impact of wave-induced water transport on the SSTA in the EEP is confirmed by the heat flux of the wave transport.The wave transport exerts significant effect on the SSTA variability in the EEP and thus is not neglectable in the further studies.
基金supported by the National Key Basic Research and Development Program(2010CB950404)the National High Technology Research and Development Program(2013AA09A506)
文摘The effects of the mixing of wave transport flux residual(Bvl) on the upper ocean is studied through carrying out the control run(CR) and a series of sensitive runs(SR) with ROMS model.In this study,the important role of Bvl is revealed by comparing the ocean temperature,statistical analysis of errors and evaluating the mixed layer depth.It is shown that the overestimated SST is improved effectively when the wave-induced mixing is incorporated to the vertical mixing scheme.As can be seen from the vertical structure of temperature 28℃ isotherm changes from 20 min CR to 35 m in SR3,which is more close to the observation.Statistic analysis shows that the root-mean-square errors of the temperature in 10 m are reduced and the correlation between model results and observation data are increased after considering the effect of Bvl.The numerical results of the ocean temperature show improvement in summer and in tropical zones in winter,especially in the strong current regions in summer.In August the mixed layer depth(MLD) which is defined as the depth that the temperature has changed 0.5℃ from the reference depth of 10 m is further analyzed.The simulation results have a close relationship with undetermined coefficient of Bvl,sensitivity studies show that a coefficient about 0.1 is reasonable value in the model.
基金Supported by the National Key Research Program of China(Nos.2016YFC1402004,2017YFC1404201)
文摘The transport flux residue of surface waves plays an important role in a variety of ocean phenomena,for example,the change in sea surface temperature(SST)and upper mixed layer profile that were studied in a series of recent papers.In the previous studies,its effect was discussed rigorously and fragmented based on numerical modeling.Here we propose a relatively comprehensive and simplified exposition of the wave transport flux residue,and focus on its influence under typhoon conditions with strong background current.An analogue Reynolds Number is presented for tentative comparison with wave-generated turbulence mixing,especially in the coastal area.Numerical results indicate that both overwhelming dynamical mixing processes can remarkably change the coastal environment,and should not be ignored consciously for further marine hazards assessment.
基金Supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China(Nos.2016YFC1402004,2017YFC1404201)the National Science and Technology Major Project(No.2016ZX05057015)
文摘Sea ice disaster is one of the principal natural hazards that affect some coastal areas of China,and the formation of ice cover in a wave field has important characteristics.However,analysis of the mechanism in which waves affect the thermodynamic process of sea ice is lacking,and the influence of waves is not taken into consideration in numerical models of sea ice,largely because of a lack of simultaneous observations of waves and sea ice.Using observational data of the sea ice cycle in the coastal waters of Liaodong Bay(China),we analyzed the characteristics of hydrology,meteorology,and sea ice thickness during the formation of sea ice,and explored the changes in the interrelationships among heat fluxes,waves,and sea ice under actual sea conditions.The results could provide a decision-making support as a reference to the establishment and improvement of China's early waming system to sea ice disasters,and the protection of ice drilling operations and production platform safety.
基金supported by the National High Technology Research and Development Program of China(Grant No.2013AA09A506)the National Natural Science Foundation of ChinaShandong Joint Fund for Marine Science Research Centers(Grant No. U1406404)+2 种基金the Youth Natural Foundation of Shandong Province(Grant No.ZR2015PD009)the Scientific and Technological Innovation Project Financially Supported by Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Grant No.2015ASKJ01)the Youth Science Foundation of China-Indonesia Maritime Cooperation Fund(Grant No. YZ0115005)
文摘An improvement was proposed for the statistical theory of breaking entrainment depth and surface whitecap coverage of real sea waves in this study.The ratio of the kinetic and potential energy was estimated on a theoretical level,and optimal constants were determined to improve the statistical theory model for wave breaking.We also performed a sensitivity test to the model constants.A comparison between the model and in situ observations indicated that the level of agreement was better than has been achieved in previous studies.
