Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitab...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitable animal model for radiotherapy of the orthotopic HCC mouse model is urgently needed.Methods:In the present study,Hepa1-6 cells were injected into the liver of C57BL/6 mice in situ to mimic the pathological characteristics of the original HCC.Tumor formation was monitored by applying magnetic resonance imaging techniques and verified by H&E histopathological staining,AFP staining,and Ki67 staining.A single dose of 10 Gy X-ray was applied to simulate clinical radiotherapy plans using image-guided radiotherapy(IGRT)equipment.The efficiency of radiotherapy was then assessed by examining tumor size and weight one week after radiation.Cleaved-caspase3 staining and TUNEL were used to assess apoptosis in tumor tissues.Results:Intrahepatic tumor development was detected in the liver according using MRI.A high-density shadow could be seen 10 days after cell injection,which indicated the formation of HCC in vivo.The tumors grew steadily bigger,and underwent precision radiotherapy 20 days after injection.The typical pathological characteristics of HCC,such as large,deeply stained nuclei and irregular cell size,were visible with H&E staining.After radiotherapy,significantly higher expression of the immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and AFP were detected in tumor tissue than in the nearby normal tissue.Compared with the control group,the tumor volume(p=0.05)and weight(p<0.05)of the irradiated group were significantly reduced.In addition,a higher frequency of apoptosis was identified in irradiated HCC tumor tissue using the TUNEL and cleaved-caspase3 staining assay.Conclusions:In a well-established orthotopic HCC model,MRI was utilized to monitor the formation of tumors,and IGRT was used to simulate clinical radiotherapy.The present study could provide a suitable preclinical system for HCC radiotherapyrelated studies.展开更多
目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方...目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方骨肽(5 mg/kg),麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组腹腔注射麦角甾苷(20,40,80 mg/kg),对照组和模型组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。术后4,8周在各组大鼠中随机取6只进行X线摄片和骨生物力学检测,测定血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和骨Gla蛋白(BGP)含量及骨痂组织中BMP、骨形态发生蛋白受体瘤基因(BMPRIB)、骨形态发生蛋白受体(BMPR)Ⅱ和Runx2 m RNA表达水平。结果给药4周后,阳性药组和麦角甾苷中、高剂量组大鼠骨折线完全消失,骨折应力和骨折碎力较模型组均明显上升,模型组骨折线模糊。给药8周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组骨折完全愈合,骨折应力和骨折碎力恢复正常;模型组骨折线消失,骨痂减少。给药4周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较模型组明显上升(P <0. 05);给药8周后,模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较对照组均明显下降(P <0. 05),但均仍明显高于模型组(P <0. 05);各麦角甾苷剂量组反应呈剂量依赖性。结论麦角甾苷具有明显促进骨折愈合作用,其机制可能与激活BMP/Runx2通路有关。展开更多
Cuticular wax formation on the surface of plant leaves is associated with drought-stress tolerance.The identification of wax biosynthesis-related genes will contribute to the genetic improvement of drought resistance ...Cuticular wax formation on the surface of plant leaves is associated with drought-stress tolerance.The identification of wax biosynthesis-related genes will contribute to the genetic improvement of drought resistance in plants.In this study,we characterize a novel Dianthus spiculifolius mutant with increased cuticular wax.The mutant exhibited stronger drought resistance as indicated by less leaf wilting and death,higher leaf relative water content and water retention capacity,and slower water loss and chlorophyll extraction than did the wild type during drought treatment.In the mutant leaves,2730 upregulated and 2151 downregulated differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified by transcriptome sequencing.A wax biosynthesis pathway of the identified DEGs was significantly enriched.Finally,three key genes(DsCER1,DsMAH1,and DsWSD1)involved in wax biosynthesis were identified and verified by qPCR.These results suggest that differential expression of DEGs involved in wax biosynthesis may be associated with the increase in cuticular wax in the mutant.Taken together,our results help elucidate wax formation patterns in D.spiculifolius.Furthermore,the DEGs involved in wax biosynthesis identified here may be valuable genetic resources for improving plant stress tolerance through increased accumulation of cuticular wax.展开更多
In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling ...In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling of the nanotube diameter and the specific surface area of holistic TiO2 films. When the hydrothermal process reaction time is up to 8 hours, the diameter of the nanotuhe is about 10 nm, and the specific surface area of TiO2 nanoforest films reaches the maximum. CdS nanoparticles are synthesized on TiO2 nanoforest films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction （SILAR） technique. The transmission electron microscope （TEM） and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy （EDX） mapping results verify that TiOz/CdS heterostructures are realized. A significant red-shift of the absorption edge from 380 nm to 540 nm can be observed after the pure TiO2 film is sensitized by CdS nanoparticles. Under irradiation of light, the current density of the optimal TiO2/CdS photoanode is 2.30 mA.cm-2 at 0 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode （SCE）, which is 6 times stronger than that of the pure TiO2 photoanode. This study suggests that the TiO2 nanoforest consisting of interlinked pony-size nanotubes is a promising nanostructure for photoelectrochemical.展开更多
基金Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFC2503700 and 2022YFC2503703National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81773226,82103483 and U1967220Shanghai Sailing Program,Grant/Award Number:20YF1459700。
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitable animal model for radiotherapy of the orthotopic HCC mouse model is urgently needed.Methods:In the present study,Hepa1-6 cells were injected into the liver of C57BL/6 mice in situ to mimic the pathological characteristics of the original HCC.Tumor formation was monitored by applying magnetic resonance imaging techniques and verified by H&E histopathological staining,AFP staining,and Ki67 staining.A single dose of 10 Gy X-ray was applied to simulate clinical radiotherapy plans using image-guided radiotherapy(IGRT)equipment.The efficiency of radiotherapy was then assessed by examining tumor size and weight one week after radiation.Cleaved-caspase3 staining and TUNEL were used to assess apoptosis in tumor tissues.Results:Intrahepatic tumor development was detected in the liver according using MRI.A high-density shadow could be seen 10 days after cell injection,which indicated the formation of HCC in vivo.The tumors grew steadily bigger,and underwent precision radiotherapy 20 days after injection.The typical pathological characteristics of HCC,such as large,deeply stained nuclei and irregular cell size,were visible with H&E staining.After radiotherapy,significantly higher expression of the immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and AFP were detected in tumor tissue than in the nearby normal tissue.Compared with the control group,the tumor volume(p=0.05)and weight(p<0.05)of the irradiated group were significantly reduced.In addition,a higher frequency of apoptosis was identified in irradiated HCC tumor tissue using the TUNEL and cleaved-caspase3 staining assay.Conclusions:In a well-established orthotopic HCC model,MRI was utilized to monitor the formation of tumors,and IGRT was used to simulate clinical radiotherapy.The present study could provide a suitable preclinical system for HCC radiotherapyrelated studies.
文摘目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方骨肽(5 mg/kg),麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组腹腔注射麦角甾苷(20,40,80 mg/kg),对照组和模型组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。术后4,8周在各组大鼠中随机取6只进行X线摄片和骨生物力学检测,测定血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和骨Gla蛋白(BGP)含量及骨痂组织中BMP、骨形态发生蛋白受体瘤基因(BMPRIB)、骨形态发生蛋白受体(BMPR)Ⅱ和Runx2 m RNA表达水平。结果给药4周后,阳性药组和麦角甾苷中、高剂量组大鼠骨折线完全消失,骨折应力和骨折碎力较模型组均明显上升,模型组骨折线模糊。给药8周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组骨折完全愈合,骨折应力和骨折碎力恢复正常;模型组骨折线消失,骨痂减少。给药4周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较模型组明显上升(P <0. 05);给药8周后,模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较对照组均明显下降(P <0. 05),但均仍明显高于模型组(P <0. 05);各麦角甾苷剂量组反应呈剂量依赖性。结论麦角甾苷具有明显促进骨折愈合作用,其机制可能与激活BMP/Runx2通路有关。
基金This work was supported by grants from the Natural Science Foundation of Heilongjiang Province of China,no.C2016024the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,no.2016M601409+1 种基金the Heilongjiang Postdoctoral Fund to Pursue Scientific Research in Heilongjiang Province of China,no.LBH-Z16024the Young Talent Project of Northeast Agricultural University of China,no.16QC06.
文摘Cuticular wax formation on the surface of plant leaves is associated with drought-stress tolerance.The identification of wax biosynthesis-related genes will contribute to the genetic improvement of drought resistance in plants.In this study,we characterize a novel Dianthus spiculifolius mutant with increased cuticular wax.The mutant exhibited stronger drought resistance as indicated by less leaf wilting and death,higher leaf relative water content and water retention capacity,and slower water loss and chlorophyll extraction than did the wild type during drought treatment.In the mutant leaves,2730 upregulated and 2151 downregulated differentially expressed genes(DEGs)were identified by transcriptome sequencing.A wax biosynthesis pathway of the identified DEGs was significantly enriched.Finally,three key genes(DsCER1,DsMAH1,and DsWSD1)involved in wax biosynthesis were identified and verified by qPCR.These results suggest that differential expression of DEGs involved in wax biosynthesis may be associated with the increase in cuticular wax in the mutant.Taken together,our results help elucidate wax formation patterns in D.spiculifolius.Furthermore,the DEGs involved in wax biosynthesis identified here may be valuable genetic resources for improving plant stress tolerance through increased accumulation of cuticular wax.
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51272086 and 11704004)the Technology Development Program of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20130206078GX)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.1808085QA20)
文摘In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling of the nanotube diameter and the specific surface area of holistic TiO2 films. When the hydrothermal process reaction time is up to 8 hours, the diameter of the nanotuhe is about 10 nm, and the specific surface area of TiO2 nanoforest films reaches the maximum. CdS nanoparticles are synthesized on TiO2 nanoforest films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction （SILAR） technique. The transmission electron microscope （TEM） and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy （EDX） mapping results verify that TiOz/CdS heterostructures are realized. A significant red-shift of the absorption edge from 380 nm to 540 nm can be observed after the pure TiO2 film is sensitized by CdS nanoparticles. Under irradiation of light, the current density of the optimal TiO2/CdS photoanode is 2.30 mA.cm-2 at 0 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode （SCE）, which is 6 times stronger than that of the pure TiO2 photoanode. This study suggests that the TiO2 nanoforest consisting of interlinked pony-size nanotubes is a promising nanostructure for photoelectrochemical.
