骨盆髋臼骨折(pelvic and acetabular fractures,PAFs)是最常见的骨盆骨折类型之一,多为高能量损伤,骨盆髋臼结构复杂,手术方法有限。髋臼骨折本身所带来的创伤和术后需要长期卧床等情况,导致其临床并发症尤为复杂。静脉血栓栓塞(venous...骨盆髋臼骨折(pelvic and acetabular fractures,PAFs)是最常见的骨盆骨折类型之一,多为高能量损伤,骨盆髋臼结构复杂,手术方法有限。髋臼骨折本身所带来的创伤和术后需要长期卧床等情况,导致其临床并发症尤为复杂。静脉血栓栓塞(venous thromboembolic,VTE)是其众多并发症中发生率较高且后果严重的一种。本综述主要以PAFs术后导致的VTE为主要内容,分别从VTE的流行病学、危险因素以及防治措施三个方面展开叙述,旨在帮助改善预后,避免严重并发症的发生。展开更多
Users’interests are often diverse and multi-grained,with their underlying intents even more so.Effectively captur-ing users’interests and uncovering the relationships between diverse interests are key to news recomm...Users’interests are often diverse and multi-grained,with their underlying intents even more so.Effectively captur-ing users’interests and uncovering the relationships between diverse interests are key to news recommendation.Meanwhile,diversity is an important metric for evaluating news recommendation algorithms,as users tend to reject excessive homogeneous information in their recommendation lists.However,recommendation models themselves lack diversity awareness,making it challenging to achieve a good balance between the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.In this paper,we propose a news recommendation algorithm that achieves good performance in both accuracy and diversity.Unlike most existing works that solely optimize accuracy or employ more features to meet diversity,the proposed algorithm leverages the diversity-aware capability of the model.First,we introduce an augmented user model to fully capture user intent and the behavioral guidance they might undergo as a result.Specifically,we focus on the relationship between the original clicked news and the augmented clicked news.Moreover,we propose an effective adversarial training method for diversity(AT4D),which is a pluggable component that can enhance both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendation results.Extensive experiments on real-world datasets confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in improving both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.展开更多
Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitab...Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitable animal model for radiotherapy of the orthotopic HCC mouse model is urgently needed.Methods:In the present study,Hepa1-6 cells were injected into the liver of C57BL/6 mice in situ to mimic the pathological characteristics of the original HCC.Tumor formation was monitored by applying magnetic resonance imaging techniques and verified by H&E histopathological staining,AFP staining,and Ki67 staining.A single dose of 10 Gy X-ray was applied to simulate clinical radiotherapy plans using image-guided radiotherapy(IGRT)equipment.The efficiency of radiotherapy was then assessed by examining tumor size and weight one week after radiation.Cleaved-caspase3 staining and TUNEL were used to assess apoptosis in tumor tissues.Results:Intrahepatic tumor development was detected in the liver according using MRI.A high-density shadow could be seen 10 days after cell injection,which indicated the formation of HCC in vivo.The tumors grew steadily bigger,and underwent precision radiotherapy 20 days after injection.The typical pathological characteristics of HCC,such as large,deeply stained nuclei and irregular cell size,were visible with H&E staining.After radiotherapy,significantly higher expression of the immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and AFP were detected in tumor tissue than in the nearby normal tissue.Compared with the control group,the tumor volume(p=0.05)and weight(p<0.05)of the irradiated group were significantly reduced.In addition,a higher frequency of apoptosis was identified in irradiated HCC tumor tissue using the TUNEL and cleaved-caspase3 staining assay.Conclusions:In a well-established orthotopic HCC model,MRI was utilized to monitor the formation of tumors,and IGRT was used to simulate clinical radiotherapy.The present study could provide a suitable preclinical system for HCC radiotherapyrelated studies.展开更多
目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方...目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方骨肽(5 mg/kg),麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组腹腔注射麦角甾苷(20,40,80 mg/kg),对照组和模型组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。术后4,8周在各组大鼠中随机取6只进行X线摄片和骨生物力学检测,测定血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和骨Gla蛋白(BGP)含量及骨痂组织中BMP、骨形态发生蛋白受体瘤基因(BMPRIB)、骨形态发生蛋白受体(BMPR)Ⅱ和Runx2 m RNA表达水平。结果给药4周后,阳性药组和麦角甾苷中、高剂量组大鼠骨折线完全消失,骨折应力和骨折碎力较模型组均明显上升,模型组骨折线模糊。给药8周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组骨折完全愈合,骨折应力和骨折碎力恢复正常;模型组骨折线消失,骨痂减少。给药4周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较模型组明显上升(P <0. 05);给药8周后,模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较对照组均明显下降(P <0. 05),但均仍明显高于模型组(P <0. 05);各麦角甾苷剂量组反应呈剂量依赖性。结论麦角甾苷具有明显促进骨折愈合作用,其机制可能与激活BMP/Runx2通路有关。展开更多
文摘骨盆髋臼骨折(pelvic and acetabular fractures,PAFs)是最常见的骨盆骨折类型之一,多为高能量损伤,骨盆髋臼结构复杂,手术方法有限。髋臼骨折本身所带来的创伤和术后需要长期卧床等情况,导致其临床并发症尤为复杂。静脉血栓栓塞(venous thromboembolic,VTE)是其众多并发症中发生率较高且后果严重的一种。本综述主要以PAFs术后导致的VTE为主要内容,分别从VTE的流行病学、危险因素以及防治措施三个方面展开叙述,旨在帮助改善预后,避免严重并发症的发生。
基金This research was funded by Beijing Municipal Social Science Foundation(23YTB031)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(CUC23ZDTJ005).
文摘Users’interests are often diverse and multi-grained,with their underlying intents even more so.Effectively captur-ing users’interests and uncovering the relationships between diverse interests are key to news recommendation.Meanwhile,diversity is an important metric for evaluating news recommendation algorithms,as users tend to reject excessive homogeneous information in their recommendation lists.However,recommendation models themselves lack diversity awareness,making it challenging to achieve a good balance between the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.In this paper,we propose a news recommendation algorithm that achieves good performance in both accuracy and diversity.Unlike most existing works that solely optimize accuracy or employ more features to meet diversity,the proposed algorithm leverages the diversity-aware capability of the model.First,we introduce an augmented user model to fully capture user intent and the behavioral guidance they might undergo as a result.Specifically,we focus on the relationship between the original clicked news and the augmented clicked news.Moreover,we propose an effective adversarial training method for diversity(AT4D),which is a pluggable component that can enhance both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendation results.Extensive experiments on real-world datasets confirm the efficacy of the proposed algorithm in improving both the accuracy and diversity of news recommendations.
基金Key R&D Program of China,Grant/Award Number:2022YFC2503700 and 2022YFC2503703National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Number:81773226,82103483 and U1967220Shanghai Sailing Program,Grant/Award Number:20YF1459700。
文摘Background:Hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC)is the most common type of liver cancer.Recently,developments in radiotherapy technology have led to radiotherapy becoming one of the main therapeutics of HCC.Therefore,a suitable animal model for radiotherapy of the orthotopic HCC mouse model is urgently needed.Methods:In the present study,Hepa1-6 cells were injected into the liver of C57BL/6 mice in situ to mimic the pathological characteristics of the original HCC.Tumor formation was monitored by applying magnetic resonance imaging techniques and verified by H&E histopathological staining,AFP staining,and Ki67 staining.A single dose of 10 Gy X-ray was applied to simulate clinical radiotherapy plans using image-guided radiotherapy(IGRT)equipment.The efficiency of radiotherapy was then assessed by examining tumor size and weight one week after radiation.Cleaved-caspase3 staining and TUNEL were used to assess apoptosis in tumor tissues.Results:Intrahepatic tumor development was detected in the liver according using MRI.A high-density shadow could be seen 10 days after cell injection,which indicated the formation of HCC in vivo.The tumors grew steadily bigger,and underwent precision radiotherapy 20 days after injection.The typical pathological characteristics of HCC,such as large,deeply stained nuclei and irregular cell size,were visible with H&E staining.After radiotherapy,significantly higher expression of the immunohistochemical markers Ki67 and AFP were detected in tumor tissue than in the nearby normal tissue.Compared with the control group,the tumor volume(p=0.05)and weight(p<0.05)of the irradiated group were significantly reduced.In addition,a higher frequency of apoptosis was identified in irradiated HCC tumor tissue using the TUNEL and cleaved-caspase3 staining assay.Conclusions:In a well-established orthotopic HCC model,MRI was utilized to monitor the formation of tumors,and IGRT was used to simulate clinical radiotherapy.The present study could provide a suitable preclinical system for HCC radiotherapyrelated studies.
文摘目的探讨麦角甾苷促进大鼠骨折愈合及对骨形态发生蛋白(BMP)/Runx2通路的影响。方法将72只雄性SD大鼠随机分为对照组、模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组,除对照组外,其余各组均制备大鼠胫骨骨折模型,造模后阳性组腹腔注射复方骨肽(5 mg/kg),麦角甾苷低、中、高剂量组腹腔注射麦角甾苷(20,40,80 mg/kg),对照组和模型组腹腔注射等量生理盐水。术后4,8周在各组大鼠中随机取6只进行X线摄片和骨生物力学检测,测定血清中碱性磷酸酶(ALP)和骨Gla蛋白(BGP)含量及骨痂组织中BMP、骨形态发生蛋白受体瘤基因(BMPRIB)、骨形态发生蛋白受体(BMPR)Ⅱ和Runx2 m RNA表达水平。结果给药4周后,阳性药组和麦角甾苷中、高剂量组大鼠骨折线完全消失,骨折应力和骨折碎力较模型组均明显上升,模型组骨折线模糊。给药8周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组骨折完全愈合,骨折应力和骨折碎力恢复正常;模型组骨折线消失,骨痂减少。给药4周后,阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较模型组明显上升(P <0. 05);给药8周后,模型组、阳性组和麦角甾苷各剂量组ALP和BGP含量,BMP,BMPRIB,BMPRⅡ和Runx2 m RNA相对表达水平较对照组均明显下降(P <0. 05),但均仍明显高于模型组(P <0. 05);各麦角甾苷剂量组反应呈剂量依赖性。结论麦角甾苷具有明显促进骨折愈合作用,其机制可能与激活BMP/Runx2通路有关。
