In recent years, topological insulators have aroused the attention of a great number of scientists due to their unique electronic structures and peculiar physical properties. Triggered by the similar electronic struct...In recent years, topological insulators have aroused the attention of a great number of scientists due to their unique electronic structures and peculiar physical properties. Triggered by the similar electronic structures as graphene, the broadband nonlinear absorption properties of topological insulator were investigated. Moreover, the mode-locked or Q-switched fiber lasers based on topological insulator were realized for broadband operating wavelength. Here, we present an overview of the preparation, transferring, linear and nonlinear optical properties and their applications of topological insulators in pulsed fiber lasers. The pulsed fiber lasers towards mid- infrared regimes have been proposed.展开更多
Limited clinical application of antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)targeting tumor associated antigens(TAAs)is usually caused by on-target off-tumor side effect.Tumor-specific mutant antigens(TSMAs)only expressed in tumor ...Limited clinical application of antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)targeting tumor associated antigens(TAAs)is usually caused by on-target off-tumor side effect.Tumor-specific mutant antigens(TSMAs)only expressed in tumor cells which are ideal targets for ADCs.In addition,intracellular somatic mutant proteins can be presented on the cell surface by human leukocyte antigen class I(HLA I)molecules forming tumor-specific peptide/HLA I complexes.KRAS G12 V mutation frequently occurred in varied cancer and was verified as a promising target for cancer therapy.In this study,we generated two TCR-mimic antibodydrug conjugates(TCRm-ADCs),2E8-MMAE and 2 A5-MMAE,targeting KRAS G12 V/HLAA*0201 complex,which mediated specific antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo without obvious toxicity.Our findings are the first time validate the strategy of TCRm-ADCs targeting intracellular TSMAs,which improves the safety of antibody-based drugs and provides novel strategy for precision medicine in cancer therapy.展开更多
In recent years,neoantigens have been recognized as ideal targets for tumor immunotherapy.With the development of neoantigen-based tumor immunotherapy,comprehensive neoantigen databases are urgently needed to meet the...In recent years,neoantigens have been recognized as ideal targets for tumor immunotherapy.With the development of neoantigen-based tumor immunotherapy,comprehensive neoantigen databases are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for clinical studies.We have built the tumor-specific neoantigen database(TSNAdb)previously,which has attracted much attention.In this study,we provide TSNAdb v2.0,an updated version of the TSNAdb.TSNAdb v2.0 offers several new features,including(1)adopting more stringent criteria for neoantigen identification,(2)providing predicted neoantigens derived from three types of somatic mutations,and(3)collecting experimentally validated neoantigens and dividing them according to the experimental level.展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To assess the therapeutic effect of weekend fasting and administration of a modified Lingguizhugan decoction on metabolic syndrome(MetS).METHODS:Twenty-one patients with MetS were recruited from the First Af...OBJECTIVE:To assess the therapeutic effect of weekend fasting and administration of a modified Lingguizhugan decoction on metabolic syndrome(MetS).METHODS:Twenty-one patients with MetS were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University.Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),30-min and 2-h post-prandial blood glucose(PG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),blood pressure(BP),body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),and levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were tested.Patients were allowed to drink only water and a Chinese herbal decoction during weekends.All samples were tested again after 12 weeks of treatment.RESULTS:FPG,30-min PG,2-h PG,FINS,LDL-C,systolic BP,diastolic BP,BMI,WC,and HOMA-IR de-creased significantly(P<0.05)compared with before treatment.Levels of TG,TC,and HDL-C did not change significantly.CONCLUSION:Weekend fasting improved glucose metabolism,lowered BP,reduced LDL-C levels,BMI,and WC.These data suggest that weekend fasting may be an effective therapy for MetS by protection against coronary atherosclerosis.展开更多
Optical logical operations demonstrate the key role of optical digital computing,which can perform general-purpose calculations and possess fast processing speed,low crosstalk,and high throughput.The logic states usua...Optical logical operations demonstrate the key role of optical digital computing,which can perform general-purpose calculations and possess fast processing speed,low crosstalk,and high throughput.The logic states usually refer to linear momentums that are distinguished by intensity distributions,which blur the discrimination boundary and limit its sustainable applications.Here,we introduce orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode logical operations performed by optical diffractive neural networks(ODNNs).Using the OAM mode as a logic state not only can improve the parallel processing ability but also enhance the logic distinction and robustness of logical gates owing to the mode infinity and orthogonality.ODNN combining scalar diffraction theory and deep learning technology is designed to independently manipulate the mode and spatial position of multiple OAM modes,which allows for complex multilight modulation functions to respond to logic inputs.We show that few-layer ODNNs successfully implement the logical operations of AND,OR,NOT,NAND,and NOR in simulations.The logic units of XNOR and XOR are obtained by cascading the basic logical gates of AND,OR,and NOT,which can further constitute logical half-adder gates.Our demonstrations may provide a new avenue for optical logical operations and are expected to promote the practical application of optical digital computing.展开更多
The emergence of cylindrical vector beam(CVB)multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication.Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs,the CVB multiplexer/...The emergence of cylindrical vector beam(CVB)multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication.Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs,the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies.Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface.We show that the left-and right-handed circularly polarized(LHCP/RHCP)components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface,and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode.We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband(from 1310 to 1625 nm)and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing.As a proof of concept,we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication,combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10^(−6) at the receive power of−21.6 dBm.This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication.展开更多
Tumor-specific neoantigens have attracted much attention since they can be used as biomarkers to predict therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapy and as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. In ...Tumor-specific neoantigens have attracted much attention since they can be used as biomarkers to predict therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapy and as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we developed a comprehensive tumor-specific neoantigen database (TSNAdb v1.0), based on pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses of somatic mutation data and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele information for 16 tumor types with 7748 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA). We predicted binding affinities between mutant/wild-type peptides and HLA class I molecules by NetMHCpan v2.8/v4.0, and presented detailed information of 3,707,562/1,146,961 potential neoantigens generated by somatic mutations of all tumor samples. Moreover, we employed recurrent mutations in combination with highly frequent HLA alleles to predict potential shared neoantigens across tumor patients,which would facilitate the discovery of putative targets for neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy.TSNAdb is freely available at http://biopharm.zju.edu.cn/tsnadb.展开更多
Photonic spin Hall efect(SHE)provides new opportunities for achieving spin-based photonics applications.However,flexibly manipulating the spin-dependent sltting(SDS)of photonic SHE and imposing extra phase modulation ...Photonic spin Hall efect(SHE)provides new opportunities for achieving spin-based photonics applications.However,flexibly manipulating the spin-dependent sltting(SDS)of photonic SHE and imposing extra phase modulation on the two spin components are always a challenge.Here,a controllable SHE mechanism based on phase function construction is reported.It is conduded that the phases with specific functional structures performing a coordinate translation are equivalent to integrating a gradient phase to the original phases.Hence,the original phase can be used for independent phase modulation,and the gradient phase originating from the co-ordinate translation is capable of manipulating the SDS.A metasurface with Pancharatnam-Berry phase that can impose conjugate phases to the two spin components of light is fabricated to verify this mechanism.By shifing the light position,the SDS is continuously manipulated in the visible region,which is successfully used for detecting the polarization llipticity.The extra phase modulation is also performed with the original phase and thus enables measuring singular beams.It is anticipated that the controllable SHE manipulation method may open new avenues in the fields of spin photonics,optical sensing,optical communications,etc.展开更多
Ti3+-doped TiO2 nanosheets with tunable phase composition (doped TiO2 (A/R)) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method with high surface area anatase TiO2 nanosheets TiO2 (A) as a substrate, structure directin...Ti3+-doped TiO2 nanosheets with tunable phase composition (doped TiO2 (A/R)) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method with high surface area anatase TiO2 nanosheets TiO2 (A) as a substrate, structure directing agent, and inhibitor; the activity was evaluated using a probe reaction-photocatalytic CO2 conversion to methane under visible light irradiation with H2 as an electron donor and hydrogen source. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc., were used to characterize the photocatalysts. XRD and HRTEM measurements confirmed the existence of anatase-rutile phase junction, while Ti3-and single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy in the doped TiO2 (A/R) photocatalyst were revealed byelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Effects of hydrothermal synthesis temperature and the amount of added anatase TiO2 on the photocatalytic activity were elucidated. Significantly enhanced photo- catalytic activity of doped TiO2 (A/R) was observed; under the optimized synthesis conditions, CH4 generation rate of doped TiO2 (A/R) was 2.3 times that of Ti3+-doped rutile TiO2.展开更多
Dear Editor,The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),one member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases,has been implicated in various epithelial malignancies.As a clinically validated target,both small-mole...Dear Editor,The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),one member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases,has been implicated in various epithelial malignancies.As a clinically validated target,both small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibody-based drugs have been approved by regulatory agencies.Anti-EGFR antibodyci rug conjugates(ADCs)could kill target tumor cells irrespective of EGFR signaling.However,cancer patients treated with EGFR-targeted antibody therapy eventually develop acquired epitope substitutions such as S492R,G465R,G465E,and 1491M.展开更多
Environmental tobacco smoke(ETS)is a wellknown reason of many adverse health consequences in pregnant women.Exposure of ETS during pregnancy may increase the risk of some fetal diseases in pregnant women and/or birth ...Environmental tobacco smoke(ETS)is a wellknown reason of many adverse health consequences in pregnant women.Exposure of ETS during pregnancy may increase the risk of some fetal diseases in pregnant women and/or birth defects in neonates.Many countries have implemented laws to control smoking and free of second hand smoke in all enclosed workplaces.In China,antismoking law was enforced in March 2010.We aimed to assess the exposure of pregnant women to cotinine after anti-smoking law was implemented in China.The urine samples were collected from 2,100 volunteers from Zhejiang Province,China and urinary concentration of cotinine was measured using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.Cotinine was detected in 87%of the pregnant women.The GM and 95th percentile concentration inpregnant women were 4.28 and 44.00 lg/L,respectively.Similarly,the GM and 95th concentration of cotinine were significantly higher in smoking group than in non-smoking group(P\0.0001).Our results indicate that pregnant women in China are at the high risk of exposure ETS.Further attempts are required to make strategies to find out the sources of ETS exposure and prevent smoking at public places especially during pregnancy.展开更多
Metasurfaces composed of spatially arranged ultrathin subwavelength elements are promising photonic devices for manipulating optical wavefronts,with potential applications in holography,metalens,and multiplexing commu...Metasurfaces composed of spatially arranged ultrathin subwavelength elements are promising photonic devices for manipulating optical wavefronts,with potential applications in holography,metalens,and multiplexing communications.Finding microstructures that meet light modulation requirements is always a challenge in designing metasurfaces,where parameter sweep,gradient-based inverse design,and topology optimization are the most commonly used design methods in which the massive electromagnetic iterations require the design computational cost and are sometimes prohibitive.Herein,we propose a fast inverse design method that combines a physicsbased neural network surrogate model(NNSM)with an optimization algorithm.The NNSM,which can generate an accurate electromagnetic response from the geometric topologies of the meta-atoms,is constructed for electromagnetic iterations,and the optimization algorithm is used to search for the on-demand meta-atoms from the phase library established by the NNSM to realize an inverse design.This method addresses two important problems in metasurface design:fast and accurate electromagnetic wave phase prediction and inverse design through a single phase-shift value.As a proof-of-concept,we designed an orbital angular momentum(de)multiplexer based on a phase-type metasurface,and 200 Gbit/s quadrature-phase shift-keying signals were successfully transmitted with a bit error rate approaching 1.67×10^(-6).Because the design is mainly based on an optimization algorithm,it can address the“one-to-many”inverse problem in other micro/nano devices such as integrated photonic circuits,waveguides,and nano-antennas.展开更多
Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of I...Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of IgG monoclonal antibodies has inspired the development of various types of therapeutic antibodies,such as antibody fragments,bispecific antibodies,and antibody derivatives(e.g.,antibody-drug conjugates and immunocytokines).展开更多
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No.61475102
文摘In recent years, topological insulators have aroused the attention of a great number of scientists due to their unique electronic structures and peculiar physical properties. Triggered by the similar electronic structures as graphene, the broadband nonlinear absorption properties of topological insulator were investigated. Moreover, the mode-locked or Q-switched fiber lasers based on topological insulator were realized for broadband operating wavelength. Here, we present an overview of the preparation, transferring, linear and nonlinear optical properties and their applications of topological insulators in pulsed fiber lasers. The pulsed fiber lasers towards mid- infrared regimes have been proposed.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China‘Precision Medicine Research’(Grant No.2017YFC0908602)the State Key Program of National Natural Science of China(Grant No.81430081)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0102200)。
文摘Limited clinical application of antibody-drug conjugates(ADCs)targeting tumor associated antigens(TAAs)is usually caused by on-target off-tumor side effect.Tumor-specific mutant antigens(TSMAs)only expressed in tumor cells which are ideal targets for ADCs.In addition,intracellular somatic mutant proteins can be presented on the cell surface by human leukocyte antigen class I(HLA I)molecules forming tumor-specific peptide/HLA I complexes.KRAS G12 V mutation frequently occurred in varied cancer and was verified as a promising target for cancer therapy.In this study,we generated two TCR-mimic antibodydrug conjugates(TCRm-ADCs),2E8-MMAE and 2 A5-MMAE,targeting KRAS G12 V/HLAA*0201 complex,which mediated specific antitumor activity in vitro and in vivo without obvious toxicity.Our findings are the first time validate the strategy of TCRm-ADCs targeting intracellular TSMAs,which improves the safety of antibody-based drugs and provides novel strategy for precision medicine in cancer therapy.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.31971371 and U20A20409)the Key R&D Program of Zhejiang Province,China(Grant No.2020C03010)+1 种基金the Huadong Medicine Joint Funds of the Zhejiang Provincial Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.LHDMZ22H300002)the AlibabaZhejiang University Joint Research Center of Future Digital Healthcare.
文摘In recent years,neoantigens have been recognized as ideal targets for tumor immunotherapy.With the development of neoantigen-based tumor immunotherapy,comprehensive neoantigen databases are urgently needed to meet the growing demand for clinical studies.We have built the tumor-specific neoantigen database(TSNAdb)previously,which has attracted much attention.In this study,we provide TSNAdb v2.0,an updated version of the TSNAdb.TSNAdb v2.0 offers several new features,including(1)adopting more stringent criteria for neoantigen identification,(2)providing predicted neoantigens derived from three types of somatic mutations,and(3)collecting experimentally validated neoantigens and dividing them according to the experimental level.
基金Supported by the International Science andTechnology Cooperation Program of Guangdong Province(No.2009-B050700022)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To assess the therapeutic effect of weekend fasting and administration of a modified Lingguizhugan decoction on metabolic syndrome(MetS).METHODS:Twenty-one patients with MetS were recruited from the First Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University.Fasting plasma glucose(FPG),30-min and 2-h post-prandial blood glucose(PG),fasting serum insulin(FINS),blood pressure(BP),body mass index(BMI),waist circumference(WC),homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance index(HOMA-IR),and levels of triglyceride(TG),total cholesterol(TC),low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol(LDL-C),and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol(HDL-C)were tested.Patients were allowed to drink only water and a Chinese herbal decoction during weekends.All samples were tested again after 12 weeks of treatment.RESULTS:FPG,30-min PG,2-h PG,FINS,LDL-C,systolic BP,diastolic BP,BMI,WC,and HOMA-IR de-creased significantly(P<0.05)compared with before treatment.Levels of TG,TC,and HDL-C did not change significantly.CONCLUSION:Weekend fasting improved glucose metabolism,lowered BP,reduced LDL-C levels,BMI,and WC.These data suggest that weekend fasting may be an effective therapy for MetS by protection against coronary atherosclerosis.
基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(12047539,61805149,62101334)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2019A1515111153,2020A1515011392,2020A1515110572,2021A1515011762)+4 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20180507182035270,JCYJ20200109144001800)Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen(GJHZ20180928160407303)Shenzhen Universities Stabilization Support Program(SZWD2021013)Shenzhen Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovative Talent Training Program(RCBS20200714114818094)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682867)。
文摘Optical logical operations demonstrate the key role of optical digital computing,which can perform general-purpose calculations and possess fast processing speed,low crosstalk,and high throughput.The logic states usually refer to linear momentums that are distinguished by intensity distributions,which blur the discrimination boundary and limit its sustainable applications.Here,we introduce orbital angular momentum(OAM)mode logical operations performed by optical diffractive neural networks(ODNNs).Using the OAM mode as a logic state not only can improve the parallel processing ability but also enhance the logic distinction and robustness of logical gates owing to the mode infinity and orthogonality.ODNN combining scalar diffraction theory and deep learning technology is designed to independently manipulate the mode and spatial position of multiple OAM modes,which allows for complex multilight modulation functions to respond to logic inputs.We show that few-layer ODNNs successfully implement the logical operations of AND,OR,NOT,NAND,and NOR in simulations.The logic units of XNOR and XOR are obtained by cascading the basic logical gates of AND,OR,and NOT,which can further constitute logical half-adder gates.Our demonstrations may provide a new avenue for optical logical operations and are expected to promote the practical application of optical digital computing.
基金This project was funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(61805149,62101334,12047539,U1701661)Guangdong Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation(2020A1515011392,2020A1515110572,2019A1515111153,2021A1515011762)+4 种基金Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20200109144001800,JCYJ20180507182035270)Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen(GJHZ20180928160407303)Shenzhen Universities Stabilization Support Program(SZWD2021013)Shenzhen Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovative Talent Training Program(RCBS20200714114818094)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682867).
文摘The emergence of cylindrical vector beam(CVB)multiplexing has opened new avenues for high-capacity optical communication.Although several configurations have been developed to couple/separate CVBs,the CVB multiplexer/demultiplexer remains elusive due to lack of effective off-axis polarization control technologies.Here we report a straightforward approach to realize off-axis polarization control for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing based on a metal–dielectric–metal metasurface.We show that the left-and right-handed circularly polarized(LHCP/RHCP)components of CVBs are independently modulated via spin-to-orbit interactions by the properly designed metasurface,and then simultaneously multiplexed and demultiplexed due to the reversibility of light path and the conservation of vector mode.We also show that the proposed multiplexers/demultiplexers are broadband(from 1310 to 1625 nm)and compatible with wavelength-division-multiplexing.As a proof of concept,we successfully demonstrate a four-channel CVB multiplexing communication,combining wavelength-division-multiplexing and polarization-division-multiplexing with a transmission rate of 1.56 Tbit/s and a bit-error-rate of 10^(−6) at the receive power of−21.6 dBm.This study paves the way for CVB multiplexing/demultiplexing and may benefit high-capacity CVB communication.
基金supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (Grant No. 2017YFC0908600)the National Natural Science Foundationof China (Grant No. 31501021)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities of China
文摘Tumor-specific neoantigens have attracted much attention since they can be used as biomarkers to predict therapeutic effects of immune checkpoint blockade therapy and as potential targets for cancer immunotherapy. In this study, we developed a comprehensive tumor-specific neoantigen database (TSNAdb v1.0), based on pan-cancer immunogenomic analyses of somatic mutation data and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele information for 16 tumor types with 7748 tumor samples from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) and The Cancer Immunome Atlas (TCIA). We predicted binding affinities between mutant/wild-type peptides and HLA class I molecules by NetMHCpan v2.8/v4.0, and presented detailed information of 3,707,562/1,146,961 potential neoantigens generated by somatic mutations of all tumor samples. Moreover, we employed recurrent mutations in combination with highly frequent HLA alleles to predict potential shared neoantigens across tumor patients,which would facilitate the discovery of putative targets for neoantigen-based cancer immunotherapy.TSNAdb is freely available at http://biopharm.zju.edu.cn/tsnadb.
基金Program of Fundamental Rescarch of Science and Technology Planning Project of Shenzhen Munipality(JCYJ20180507182035270)Science and Technology Planning Project of Guangdong Province(2016B050501005)+3 种基金Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen(ZDSYS201707271014468)International Collaborative Laboratory of 2D Materials for Opeoelectronics Science and Technology(2DMOST2018003)National Natural Science Foundation of China(61805087,61805149)Natural Science Foundation of Guangdong Province(2016A030310065,2018A030313368,2020A1515011392).
文摘Photonic spin Hall efect(SHE)provides new opportunities for achieving spin-based photonics applications.However,flexibly manipulating the spin-dependent sltting(SDS)of photonic SHE and imposing extra phase modulation on the two spin components are always a challenge.Here,a controllable SHE mechanism based on phase function construction is reported.It is conduded that the phases with specific functional structures performing a coordinate translation are equivalent to integrating a gradient phase to the original phases.Hence,the original phase can be used for independent phase modulation,and the gradient phase originating from the co-ordinate translation is capable of manipulating the SDS.A metasurface with Pancharatnam-Berry phase that can impose conjugate phases to the two spin components of light is fabricated to verify this mechanism.By shifing the light position,the SDS is continuously manipulated in the visible region,which is successfully used for detecting the polarization llipticity.The extra phase modulation is also performed with the original phase and thus enables measuring singular beams.It is anticipated that the controllable SHE manipulation method may open new avenues in the fields of spin photonics,optical sensing,optical communications,etc.
文摘Ti3+-doped TiO2 nanosheets with tunable phase composition (doped TiO2 (A/R)) were synthesized via a hydrothermal method with high surface area anatase TiO2 nanosheets TiO2 (A) as a substrate, structure directing agent, and inhibitor; the activity was evaluated using a probe reaction-photocatalytic CO2 conversion to methane under visible light irradiation with H2 as an electron donor and hydrogen source. High-resolution transmission electron microscope (HRTEM), field emission scanning electron microscope, UV-Vis diffuse reflectance spectra, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) etc., were used to characterize the photocatalysts. XRD and HRTEM measurements confirmed the existence of anatase-rutile phase junction, while Ti3-and single-electron-trapped oxygen vacancy in the doped TiO2 (A/R) photocatalyst were revealed byelectron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) measurements. Effects of hydrothermal synthesis temperature and the amount of added anatase TiO2 on the photocatalytic activity were elucidated. Significantly enhanced photo- catalytic activity of doped TiO2 (A/R) was observed; under the optimized synthesis conditions, CH4 generation rate of doped TiO2 (A/R) was 2.3 times that of Ti3+-doped rutile TiO2.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82073750)National Science and Technology Major Projects for"Major New Drugs Innovation and Development"(2017ZX09302006002)+3 种基金Key research and development project of Zhejiang Province(No.2O18CO3O22)National Key R&D Program of China(No.2017YFE0102200)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020QNA7005)Zhejiang Province"Qianjiang Talent Plan".
文摘Dear Editor,The epidermal growth factor receptor(EGFR),one member of the ErbB family of receptor tyrosine kinases,has been implicated in various epithelial malignancies.As a clinically validated target,both small-molecule tyrosine kinase inhibitors and antibody-based drugs have been approved by regulatory agencies.Anti-EGFR antibodyci rug conjugates(ADCs)could kill target tumor cells irrespective of EGFR signaling.However,cancer patients treated with EGFR-targeted antibody therapy eventually develop acquired epitope substitutions such as S492R,G465R,G465E,and 1491M.
基金supported by Major Science and Technology Projects and Special Priority Themes of Zhejiang Province of China(2010C13030)
文摘Environmental tobacco smoke(ETS)is a wellknown reason of many adverse health consequences in pregnant women.Exposure of ETS during pregnancy may increase the risk of some fetal diseases in pregnant women and/or birth defects in neonates.Many countries have implemented laws to control smoking and free of second hand smoke in all enclosed workplaces.In China,antismoking law was enforced in March 2010.We aimed to assess the exposure of pregnant women to cotinine after anti-smoking law was implemented in China.The urine samples were collected from 2,100 volunteers from Zhejiang Province,China and urinary concentration of cotinine was measured using gas chromatography and mass spectrometry.Cotinine was detected in 87%of the pregnant women.The GM and 95th percentile concentration inpregnant women were 4.28 and 44.00 lg/L,respectively.Similarly,the GM and 95th concentration of cotinine were significantly higher in smoking group than in non-smoking group(P\0.0001).Our results indicate that pregnant women in China are at the high risk of exposure ETS.Further attempts are required to make strategies to find out the sources of ETS exposure and prevent smoking at public places especially during pregnancy.
基金Shenzhen Peacock Plan(20180521645C,20180921273B)China Postdoctoral Science Foundation(2020M682867)+5 种基金Shenzhen Excellent Scientific and Technological Innovative Talent Training Program(RCBS20200714114818094)Shenzhen Universities Stabilization Support Program(SZWD2021013)Science and Technology Project of Shenzhen(GJHZ20180928160407303)Shenzhen Fundamental Research Program(JCYJ20210324095611030,JCYJ20210324095610027)Basic and Applied Basic Research Foundation of Guangdong Province(2019A1515111153,2020A1515011392,2020A1515110572,2021A1515011762)National Natural Science Foundation of China(12047539,61805149,62101334)。
文摘Metasurfaces composed of spatially arranged ultrathin subwavelength elements are promising photonic devices for manipulating optical wavefronts,with potential applications in holography,metalens,and multiplexing communications.Finding microstructures that meet light modulation requirements is always a challenge in designing metasurfaces,where parameter sweep,gradient-based inverse design,and topology optimization are the most commonly used design methods in which the massive electromagnetic iterations require the design computational cost and are sometimes prohibitive.Herein,we propose a fast inverse design method that combines a physicsbased neural network surrogate model(NNSM)with an optimization algorithm.The NNSM,which can generate an accurate electromagnetic response from the geometric topologies of the meta-atoms,is constructed for electromagnetic iterations,and the optimization algorithm is used to search for the on-demand meta-atoms from the phase library established by the NNSM to realize an inverse design.This method addresses two important problems in metasurface design:fast and accurate electromagnetic wave phase prediction and inverse design through a single phase-shift value.As a proof-of-concept,we designed an orbital angular momentum(de)multiplexer based on a phase-type metasurface,and 200 Gbit/s quadrature-phase shift-keying signals were successfully transmitted with a bit error rate approaching 1.67×10^(-6).Because the design is mainly based on an optimization algorithm,it can address the“one-to-many”inverse problem in other micro/nano devices such as integrated photonic circuits,waveguides,and nano-antennas.
基金This study was supported by Joint Funds of the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.U20A20409)National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.82073750)+2 种基金Key research and development project of Zhejiang province(No.2018C03022)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(No.2020QNA7005)Zhejiang Province"Qianjiang Talent Plan".
文摘Monoclonal antibodies constitute a promising class of targeted anticancer agents that enhance natural immune system functions to suppress cancer cell activity and eliminate cancer cells.The successful application of IgG monoclonal antibodies has inspired the development of various types of therapeutic antibodies,such as antibody fragments,bispecific antibodies,and antibody derivatives(e.g.,antibody-drug conjugates and immunocytokines).