考虑机组弹性的双层隔振系统刚度匹配方法

为解决柴油发电机组对不同类型和功率发电机的连接套与隔振系统刚度匹配问题,提出以广义弹性力做功为基础的能量解耦法来量化刚度匹配对双层隔振系统固有特性的影响.基于某内燃动力总成双层隔振系统建立3自由度和18自由度动力学模型进行分析.结果表明:3自由度模型能够反映系统耦合的主要特点,机组弹性模态频率与低阶刚体振动模态频率比大于2.96时可以降低刚体振动对弹性模态的影响;考虑惯性耦合和弹性耦合后,18自由度模型对应的频率比应大于4.10才可以显著降低该振动耦合.同一柴油机匹配不同惯性参数的发电机,均可参考小惯性参数发电机隔振设计时对应的频率比和刚度比进行双层隔振系统刚度匹配.

柔性双层隔振系统振动能量解耦方法及应用

为解决难以利用能量解耦法设计柔性双层隔振系统的问题,提出一种能够表示柔性设备和中间质量弹性模态特点的多自由度模型;基于该模型,提出采用广义弹性力对柔性隔振系统进行解耦的方法,并推广到柔性结构中;以某内燃动车动力总成双层隔振系统为例,基于所提方法探讨了构架弹性模态下刚体振动与弹性振动的耦合情况;最后通过振动实验台验证了该方法的有效性.研究结果表明:机组一级隔振系统垂向频率从12 Hz降低到8 Hz后,系统所有模态频率均得到不同幅度的下降,前两阶刚体振动模态频率下降最明显,分别下降50.00%和49.98%;构架弹性模态频率比机组弹性模态频率更低,影响更大,构架弹性模态频率下降8.32%,机组弹性模态频率下降0.80%;在构架弹性振动模态振动中,构架弹性振动能量所占比例提高14.88%,刚体振动能量所占比例降低90.64%,降低一级隔振系统垂向频率能够提高振动解耦效果,减少振动传递.

内燃动力总成双层隔振系统弹性模态匹配方法

为了评价机组和构架弹性振动模态间的耦合程度并指导其弹性模态匹配设计,提出了基于广义弹性力做功的柔性结构能量解耦法。首先,基于某内燃动车动力总成双层隔振系统,建立多自由度动力学模型来描述考虑弹性模态后的双层隔振系统动力学特征;其次,利用柔性能量解耦法量化机组和构架弹性模态间的振动耦合程度,获得不同弹性频率下的耦合频带宽度曲线。研究表明:弹性模态间耦合的本质是振型间的反相振动能够减小模态等效质量,同相振动增加模态等效质量,从而改变系统固有特性;基于弹性振动耦合频带曲线图,根据隔振系统设计需求,确定机组和构架弹性模态频率间避免耦合的频带宽度,完成机组和构架的弹性模态匹配。通过振动性能测试,验证了该方法能够有效控制机组和构架间弹性振动耦合,且隔振性能良好。该方法能够为同类问题提供理论支持,并为同类机型的弹性模态匹配提供参考。

基于混沌理论的电化学噪声谱数据解析及其在局部腐蚀检测中的应用

将混沌理论引入电化学噪声(EN)谱的数据解析,对有机涂层失效过程和应力腐蚀过程的EN数据进行分析,采用关联维数表征局部腐蚀过程,取得了一些有意义的结果。分析了环氧酚醛/镀锡薄钢板失效过程的EN特征,通过计算涂覆镀锡薄钢板腐蚀过程的电化学电位噪声(EPN)谱特征,发现EPN对应的关联维数值随着局部腐蚀程度的加剧有增加的趋势。采用混沌相空间重构理论分析了304不锈钢应力腐蚀过程的电流噪声谱,利用关联维数表征应力腐蚀过程。数据计算结果表明应力腐蚀初期其相空间轨迹呈圆球形,应力腐蚀后期则变为椭圆形。研究结果表明,当裂纹萌生和扩展时,关联维数值增大,表明电化学噪声信号的不确定性与复杂性增加。

酸性氯离子溶液中硫代硫酸根对800合金腐蚀机理

综合采用动电位极化曲线、电化学噪声(EN)技术和3D显微镜相结合,研究了800合金在酸性模拟缝隙水化学中的腐蚀行为,分析了S_2O_3^(2-)浓度对合金在酸性Cl^-环境下腐蚀过程的影响与机理.实验结果表明:在含有Cl^-和S_2O_3^(2-)的酸性溶液中,800合金表面为活性溶解状态,腐蚀速度较快.酸性环境中,极微量的S_2O_3^(2-)对800合金在Cl^-溶液中的腐蚀没有显著影响;随着S_2O_3^(2-)浓度的增加,极化曲线向电位较负方向偏移,相同电位条件下阳极电流密度显著增加,阴极电流略微增大.EN测试结果表明,酸性Cl^-溶液中加入0.075,mol/L S_2O_3^(2-)后噪声电阻降低了约2个数量级,电流标准偏差增加了约2个数量级,这是由于S_2O_3^(2-)的加入加速了合金的阳极溶解过程.

Fast Evaluation of Degradation Degree of Organic Coatings by Analyzing Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy Data

The degradation coefficient is proposed to evaluate the degradation degree of organic coatings by directly analyzing the Bode plots of the electrochemical impedance spectroscopy (EIS) data.This paper investigated the degradation of phenolic epoxy coating/tinplate system by EIS and the degradation coefficient value,which correlates well with the results of breakpoint frequency and variation of phase angle at 10 Hz.Furthermore,the degradation process was confirmed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and scanning probe microscopy (SPM).It is concluded that degradation coefficient can be used for the fast evaluation of degradation degree of organic coatings in practical applications.

Degradation Mechanism of Lacquered Tinplate in Energy Drink by in-situ EIS and EN

The corrosion process of phenolic epoxy coated tinplate in energy drink was investigated by in-situ electrochemical impedance spectroscopy（EIS） and electrochemical noise（EN） techniques. The experimental results indicate that the degradation process of novolac epoxy coated tinplate in energy drink can be divided into three main stages： organic coating wetted by the beverage; corrosion initiation beneath the organic coating; and corrosion extension process. It was proposed that the tin coating and carbon steel were mainly corroded by organic acids in energy drink through the pores of the organic coating. After the tin coating was corroded, the carbon steel started to corrode due to its higher electrochemical activity and became to be the dominated corrosion reaction.

Atmospheric Corrosion Monitoring of Field-exposed Q235B and T91 Steels in Zhoushan Offshore Environment Using Electrochemical Probes

This work aimed to in-situ monitor the atmospheric corrosion of steels exposed to Zhoushan offshore environment by using electrochemical noise（EN） technique. A portable EN monitoring system was established and two electrochemical probes（named as Q235 B and T91） were designed. Experimental results indicated that the noise resistance of T91 steel was higher than that of Q235 B steel, revealing that the corrosion resistance of T91 was higher than that of Q235 B. A 60-day monitoring result indicated that the noise resistance was well correlated with the weight loss data. Wavelet analyses results of EN data indicated that Q235 B underwent uniform corrosion and T91 suffered from localized corrosion, which was further confirmed by the surface observation. It is concluded that EN can be used as a new method to identify the corrosion form and corrosion resistance in atmospheric conditions.

316L不锈钢大气腐蚀的电化学噪声检测:理论模型与应用

采用电化学噪声(EN)技术针对大气环境下不同腐蚀状态的316L不锈钢试片进行了EN检测,并研究EN特征参数如电位噪声标准偏差、电流噪声标准偏差、谱噪声电阻和噪声电阻与腐蚀速率之间的关系。实验结果表明,当相对湿度增加时,电流噪声标准偏差及其功率谱密度(PSD)增大,电位噪声标准偏差及其PSD减小,谱噪声电阻值减小。当湿度较高时暴露2 a的316L不锈钢试样由于腐蚀动力学发生变化,出现表征钝化膜破裂修复的暂态峰;而空白试样由于钝化膜较为完整,因此电流噪声波动幅值较小。电化学噪声的Thevenin等效电路的模型分析结果表明,电位噪声、电流噪声以及噪声电阻的主要影响因素是溶液电阻Rs以及工作电极和对电极的阻抗模值(Za和Zc)。谱噪声电阻的影响因素除了Rs、Za和Zc外,还包括工作电极EN的PSD影响。本文建立的EN电化学等效电路模型分析为大气环境下金属材料的EN检测的可靠性奠定基础,未来有望应用于金属装备或构件在其他工业大气环境中的腐蚀检测。

MgO对包头选铁尾矿磁化焙烧和稀土分解的影响

为对包头选铁尾矿中的铁和稀土进行回收利用,以MgO为添加剂进行了磁化焙烧实验研究,考察了焙烧温度、MgO添加量、焙烧时间对稀土分解率和磁化率的影响。结果表明:在焙烧温度为750℃,MgO添加量为10%,工业煤粉添加量为0.67%,焙烧时间为120 min的实验条件下,稀土分解率达到98.68%,磁化率为3.04。采用X射线衍射(XRD)、热重-差示扫描量热分析(TG-DSC)、扫描电镜-能谱分析(SEM-EDS)等检测手段,对MgO焙烧过程中的物相变化和反应进行了分析,分析表明,MgO促进了氟碳铈矿和独居石的分解,分解反应分别发生在390~551℃和551~756℃温度区间内,分解产物为混合稀土氧化物;MgO会与Fe_(2)O_(3)反应生成含镁铁磁性物质(Mg_(1-x),Fe_(x))O·Fe_(2)O_(3),有利于铁的磁选回收。