目的对国内外护理领域应用虚拟现实的研究热点与前沿进行分析,为该领域研究人员后续研究提供借鉴和参考。方法检索建库至2020年中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊官网、Web of Science核心合集数据库,共纳入中文文献184篇,英文...目的对国内外护理领域应用虚拟现实的研究热点与前沿进行分析,为该领域研究人员后续研究提供借鉴和参考。方法检索建库至2020年中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊官网、Web of Science核心合集数据库,共纳入中文文献184篇,英文文献108篇,通过CiteSpaceⅤ软件对该领域关键词进行可视化分析。结果国外研究热点主要集中在护理教育、烧伤方面,研究对象主要为学生;研究趋势倾向于神经系统疾病的康复护理。国内研究热点主要集中在护理教学、脑卒中方面,研究对象主要为老年人;研究趋势倾向于妇产科产妇分娩护理。结论研究学者应以该领域研究热点、趋势为导向,开展更深层次的科学研究,鼓励研究人员借鉴国外先进经验,进一步提升虚拟现实技术,从临床角度出发,共同开发出更适合我国患者的虚拟现实设备与程序,大力发展虚拟现实在护理领域的应用,推动我国护理事业的发展。展开更多
Nitrogen(N), the major forms of which are nitrate(NO3–) and ammonium(NH4+), plays an important role in plant growth and mediation of root development. However, the role of auxin in root growth in response to differen...Nitrogen(N), the major forms of which are nitrate(NO3–) and ammonium(NH4+), plays an important role in plant growth and mediation of root development. However, the role of auxin in root growth in response to different NH4+/NO3– ratios remains unclear. Two tobacco cultivars(Nicotiana tabacum L.) were adopted in this study, which displayed variant growth features under the situations with sole NO3– nutrition ratio(NH4+/NO3– ratio: 0/100), low NO3– nutrition ratio(NH4+/NO3– ratio: 97/3), and optimal NH4+/NO3– ratio(50/50). We investigated the effects of the different NH4+/NO3– ratios on the formation and elongation of lateral roots(LRs), auxin concentration, DR5::GUS expression, 3 H-labeled indole acetic acid([3 H]IAA) transport, and the expression of six PIN genes in tobacco roots. We also examined the effects of exogenous auxin and a transport inhibitor on LRs growth. The results are shown as follows, compared to optimal N nutrition conditions, the biomass and nitrogen(N) accumulation were largely reduced by sole and low NO3– nutrition treatment in NC89, but no difference was observed in Zhongyan 100. In most cases, sole and low NO3– nutrition impaired the elongation and formation of firstorder lateral roots(1° LRs), only in NC89, thus reducing the root growth. IAA concentration and DR5::GUS expression levels decreased in roots when NC89 was subjected to sole and low NO3– nutrition media, suggesting that different NH4+/NO3– ratios affect the transport of auxin from leaves to roots. Results were similar following exogenous NAA application to low NO3– nutrition treated seedlings. Based on direct [3 H]IAA transport measurement, the transport of polar auxin from shoots to roots decreased due to low NO3– nutrition. PIN4 expression levels were markedly decreased in roots of NC89by sole and low NO3– nutrition, while they were unaffected in Zhongyan 100 roots. Overall, our findings suggest that LRs formation in tobacco seedlings is regulated by NH4+/NO3– ratios via modifying polar transport of auxin.展开更多
文摘目的对国内外护理领域应用虚拟现实的研究热点与前沿进行分析,为该领域研究人员后续研究提供借鉴和参考。方法检索建库至2020年中国知网、万方数据知识服务平台、维普期刊官网、Web of Science核心合集数据库,共纳入中文文献184篇,英文文献108篇,通过CiteSpaceⅤ软件对该领域关键词进行可视化分析。结果国外研究热点主要集中在护理教育、烧伤方面,研究对象主要为学生;研究趋势倾向于神经系统疾病的康复护理。国内研究热点主要集中在护理教学、脑卒中方面,研究对象主要为老年人;研究趋势倾向于妇产科产妇分娩护理。结论研究学者应以该领域研究热点、趋势为导向,开展更深层次的科学研究,鼓励研究人员借鉴国外先进经验,进一步提升虚拟现实技术,从临床角度出发,共同开发出更适合我国患者的虚拟现实设备与程序,大力发展虚拟现实在护理领域的应用,推动我国护理事业的发展。
基金funded by the Agricultural Science and Technology Innovation Program, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (ASTIP-TRIC03)the Science Foundation for Young Scholars of Tobacco Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (2018B01)+2 种基金the National Nature Science Foundation of China (3601818)the Liangshan Branch of Sichuan Tobacco Corporation, China (LSYC201805)the Hongyunhonghe Tobacco (Group) Co., Ltd., China (HYHH2016YL02)
文摘Nitrogen(N), the major forms of which are nitrate(NO3–) and ammonium(NH4+), plays an important role in plant growth and mediation of root development. However, the role of auxin in root growth in response to different NH4+/NO3– ratios remains unclear. Two tobacco cultivars(Nicotiana tabacum L.) were adopted in this study, which displayed variant growth features under the situations with sole NO3– nutrition ratio(NH4+/NO3– ratio: 0/100), low NO3– nutrition ratio(NH4+/NO3– ratio: 97/3), and optimal NH4+/NO3– ratio(50/50). We investigated the effects of the different NH4+/NO3– ratios on the formation and elongation of lateral roots(LRs), auxin concentration, DR5::GUS expression, 3 H-labeled indole acetic acid([3 H]IAA) transport, and the expression of six PIN genes in tobacco roots. We also examined the effects of exogenous auxin and a transport inhibitor on LRs growth. The results are shown as follows, compared to optimal N nutrition conditions, the biomass and nitrogen(N) accumulation were largely reduced by sole and low NO3– nutrition treatment in NC89, but no difference was observed in Zhongyan 100. In most cases, sole and low NO3– nutrition impaired the elongation and formation of firstorder lateral roots(1° LRs), only in NC89, thus reducing the root growth. IAA concentration and DR5::GUS expression levels decreased in roots when NC89 was subjected to sole and low NO3– nutrition media, suggesting that different NH4+/NO3– ratios affect the transport of auxin from leaves to roots. Results were similar following exogenous NAA application to low NO3– nutrition treated seedlings. Based on direct [3 H]IAA transport measurement, the transport of polar auxin from shoots to roots decreased due to low NO3– nutrition. PIN4 expression levels were markedly decreased in roots of NC89by sole and low NO3– nutrition, while they were unaffected in Zhongyan 100 roots. Overall, our findings suggest that LRs formation in tobacco seedlings is regulated by NH4+/NO3– ratios via modifying polar transport of auxin.
