Facial nerve hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors with primary symptoms including progressive facial nerve palsy and hearing loss. They can involve various segments of the facial nerve, especially the geniculat...Facial nerve hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors with primary symptoms including progressive facial nerve palsy and hearing loss. They can involve various segments of the facial nerve, especially the geniculate ganglion （G.G.）. Preoperative MRI and CT imagining is of great importance for early diagnosis of such lesions. The most accepted treatment for facial nerve hemangiomas is surgical excisiont and the type of approach depends on tumor location, preoperative bearing level and tumor size. In consideration of the difficulties in differential diagnosis, otologists should pay attention to avoid missed or incorrect diagnosis in hemangiomas of facial nerve.展开更多
In the near-shore waters, the actual flow is mainly induced by tide, wind and salinity, and the river water runoff should also be included as a component in the estuary waters. The interactions among these major compo...In the near-shore waters, the actual flow is mainly induced by tide, wind and salinity, and the river water runoff should also be included as a component in the estuary waters. The interactions among these major components are very complicated. Many approaches were proposed to study isolated tide and wind-driven currents or run-off based on the measured velocity, with all its components taken as a whole. In this article, firstly, based on the actual hydrodynamic characteristics of estuarine and coastal waters, an approach is proposed to separate the measured velocity by considering the theoretical current velocity profiles and using the least squares method. The vertical structures of tidal, wind-driven currents, density current and runoff can be obtained as well as their proportions in the measured velocity. Then, this approach is applied to the analysis of velocity data obtained in the North Branch of Yangtze River estuary and of laboratory test data. The results are found to be satisfactory. Finally, this approach is used to separate the measured velocity in the South Branch of Yangtze River estuary, to determine not only the bed friction velocity and roughness height, but also the surface wind stress, and to estimate the wind velocity data above the water surface. The results show that this method is simple in principle, practical in use, and reasonable in obtained results. So it can be used to effectively analyze the field data.展开更多
Based on the improved ADI method, this article proposes an improved implicit finite difference scheme for solving 3-D shallow water flows. The main objective is to design a numerical relation between the horizontal ve...Based on the improved ADI method, this article proposes an improved implicit finite difference scheme for solving 3-D shallow water flows. The main objective is to design a numerical relation between the horizontal velocity on each layer and the depth-averaged velocity for employing the improved ADI method. With the free surface elevation and the depth-averaged velocity obtained by using essentially 2-D depth-averaged mode, the velocity profiles can be obtained easily and simultaneously. The wind-induced flows, the open channel flows due to the pressure gradient and the tidal flows in coastal waters are simulated, and the results are consistent well with the analytical solution and the field data, which shows that the present implicit scheme is stable and effective, and the established model is practical. Moreover, when only one vertical layer is specified, the present 3-D numerical model is reducea to the 2-D depth-averaged model.展开更多
文摘Facial nerve hemangiomas are rare benign vascular tumors with primary symptoms including progressive facial nerve palsy and hearing loss. They can involve various segments of the facial nerve, especially the geniculate ganglion （G.G.）. Preoperative MRI and CT imagining is of great importance for early diagnosis of such lesions. The most accepted treatment for facial nerve hemangiomas is surgical excisiont and the type of approach depends on tumor location, preoperative bearing level and tumor size. In consideration of the difficulties in differential diagnosis, otologists should pay attention to avoid missed or incorrect diagnosis in hemangiomas of facial nerve.
基金supported by the Public Welfare Projects of Ministry of Water Resources (Grant No.200701026)the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 49971064, 50339010)
文摘In the near-shore waters, the actual flow is mainly induced by tide, wind and salinity, and the river water runoff should also be included as a component in the estuary waters. The interactions among these major components are very complicated. Many approaches were proposed to study isolated tide and wind-driven currents or run-off based on the measured velocity, with all its components taken as a whole. In this article, firstly, based on the actual hydrodynamic characteristics of estuarine and coastal waters, an approach is proposed to separate the measured velocity by considering the theoretical current velocity profiles and using the least squares method. The vertical structures of tidal, wind-driven currents, density current and runoff can be obtained as well as their proportions in the measured velocity. Then, this approach is applied to the analysis of velocity data obtained in the North Branch of Yangtze River estuary and of laboratory test data. The results are found to be satisfactory. Finally, this approach is used to separate the measured velocity in the South Branch of Yangtze River estuary, to determine not only the bed friction velocity and roughness height, but also the surface wind stress, and to estimate the wind velocity data above the water surface. The results show that this method is simple in principle, practical in use, and reasonable in obtained results. So it can be used to effectively analyze the field data.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant No.40730527)the Public Fund Project from Ministry of Water Resources (Grant No.200701026)the Open Fund of State Key Laboratory of Resource and Environment Information System,Hohai University,(Grant No.2007491211)
文摘Based on the improved ADI method, this article proposes an improved implicit finite difference scheme for solving 3-D shallow water flows. The main objective is to design a numerical relation between the horizontal velocity on each layer and the depth-averaged velocity for employing the improved ADI method. With the free surface elevation and the depth-averaged velocity obtained by using essentially 2-D depth-averaged mode, the velocity profiles can be obtained easily and simultaneously. The wind-induced flows, the open channel flows due to the pressure gradient and the tidal flows in coastal waters are simulated, and the results are consistent well with the analytical solution and the field data, which shows that the present implicit scheme is stable and effective, and the established model is practical. Moreover, when only one vertical layer is specified, the present 3-D numerical model is reducea to the 2-D depth-averaged model.
