Efficacy and Safety of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)in Treatment of Cerebral Infarction:Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Objective:To systematically evaluate the efficacy and safety of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)in the treatment of cerebral infarction.Materials and methods:A randomized controlled trial of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)for cerebral infarction was screened out by searching CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,Sino Med,Cochrane Library,Pub Med,Embase,Web of Science in a systematic way and was based on Handbook 5.1 evaluation criteria and tools and Rev Man 5.3 software for Meta-analysis of the final inclusion of the study.Results:A total of 12 studies were included,including 9 meta-analysis of studies and 3 other studies,with a total sample size of 1446 cases,including 746 cases in the experimental group and 700 cases in the control group.The results of Meta-analysis showed that the Chinese Stroke Chinical Neurological Deficit Scales Score(CSS)of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)combined with conventional treatment for cerebral infarction was better than that of conventional treatment alone(MD=–6.98,95%CI[–7.41,–6.55],P<0.00001).The National Institues of Health Sroke Scales(NIHSS)score of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)combined with conventional treatment for cerebral infarction was better than that of conventional treatment alone(MD=–1.49,95%CI[–1.78,–1.20],P<0.00001);The quality of life score of Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)combined with conventional treatment for cerebral infarction was better than that of conventional treatment(MD=6.65,95%CI[3.97,9.33],P<0.00001).Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)combined with conventional treatment in treating cerebral infarction was better than conventional treatment in Homocysteine(Hcy)(MD=–2.44,95%CI[–2.89,–1.99],P<0.00001).There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse reactions between Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)and conventional treatment for cerebral infarction(RR=0.58,95%CI[0.31,1.06],P=0.08).The main adverse reactions were skin rash,gastrointestinal reaction,headache,dizziness,abdominal pain,irritability,chills,urticaria,blood pressure reduction,dyspnea,vomiting,fever and urinary tract infection,which did not affect the treatment.Due to the small sample size,a large sample is needed for further verification.Conclusion:Longshengzhi Capsules(龙生蛭胶囊)combined with conventional treatment for cerebral infarction reduced CSS and NIHSS scores,improved quality of life scores,and reduced Hcy,without serious adverse reactions,and the incidence of adverse reactions was similar to that of conventional treatment.However,the quality of the study is not high,and it is necessary to improve the level of evidence quality by using clinical trial schemes with large samples,rigorous design and compliance with international standards.

混合启发式算法求解多配送人员车辆路径问题

为解决带时间窗和多配送人员的车辆路径问题,本文采用混合启发式算法对其进行求解。该算法主要由整数规划重组、局部搜索算法和模拟退火算法三部分组成。在算法中,整数规划重组有效提高了解的质量,局部搜索算法和模拟退火算法保证了算法搜索的深入性和广泛性。通过与CPLEX和禁忌搜索算法进行对比,证实了混合启发式算法实用价值更高,求解效果更好。

4种药剂防治小菜蛾的药效试验

通过室内毒力测定试验和在陕西杨凌地区大田药效试验,比较美除(5%虱螨脲乳油)、亮泰(6%阿维·氯苯酰悬浮剂)、福奇(14%氯虫·高氯氟悬浮剂)、康宽(20%氯虫苯甲酰胺悬浮剂)4种不同药剂单独或复配使用对小菜蛾幼虫的毒杀效果。结果表明,福奇与美除复配制剂与其他几种药剂相比对小菜蛾幼虫的防治效果最佳。

不同加工方法下丹参花茶的质量评价

目的:研究丹参非传统药用部位花的制茶工艺,以及不同加工条件下丹参花茶的主要化学成分分析和感官评价。方法:于盛花期采摘紫花丹参花蕾和开放初花,采用正交试验设计不同制茶工艺,采用紫外分光光度计测量制得花茶中叶绿素、类胡萝卜素、可溶性糖、总多酚、氨基酸以及总黄酮含量,进一步采用HPLC法检测丹参花茶中迷迭香酸、丹酚酸B、丹参素的含量,并进行了相应的方法学考察。结果:丹参花茶中含有较高的总多酚,具体成分以迷迭香酸为主,含有少量的游离氨基酸、黄酮、多糖以及微量的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素。结论:采摘丹参花蕾利用微波杀青、微波干燥,可以保留较多活性成分,同时具有较好的外观和口感。

光子集成射频自干扰消除系统性能仿真分析

针对全双工通信系统设计了光子集成射频自干扰消除功能芯片.该芯片采用相位调制将射频信号转换至光域,在光域内进行光载射频信号的幅相调控以实现干扰对消功能.对功能芯片中主要功能单元进行优化设计后,延时调谐范围为0~10 ps,30 GHz带宽内的延时抖动小于0.1 ps;滤波响应阻带抑制度为36.5 dB,通带带宽为60.6 GHz,边沿陡峭度为9.2 dB/GHz.建立了光子集成芯片射频自干扰消除系统的理论模型,对功能芯片中可调光延时线、可调光衰减器及滤波器等引入的延时、幅度不匹配对系统消除性能的影响进行了仿真分析.结果表明,幅度失配量为0.02 dB时,2 GHz带宽信号下系统抑制度为-42.7 dB;延时抖动为0.07 ps时,2 GHz带宽信号下系统的抑制度为-37 dB.研究结果可为光子集成射频干扰抑制功能芯片的研制提供参考.

分支定价割平面法求解带时间窗和人力分配的车辆路径问题

本文研究了带时间窗和人力分配的车辆路径问题,并提出用分支定价割平面法来求其最优解。分支定价割平面法首先根据Dantzig-Wolfe分解技术将问题的数学模型分解为基于路径的主问题模型和求最短路径的子问题模型,然后利用列生成和标签算法在主问题和子问题之间进行迭代,并使用割平面法调整可行区域来求得主问题的最优松弛解,最后采用基于车辆数目和弧的分支策略获取原问题的整数解。算法中加入了两种加速策略:双向标签算法和递减搜索空间法。通过对多组算例进行测试,验证了模型和算法的准确性,并分析了患者数目和车辆数目对结果的影响,也说明了割平面法具有提高算法效率的作用。最后,对大规模算例进行测试的结果也为实际应用提供了理论依据。

超加工食品对人体健康影响的研究进展

综述了超加工食品与慢性疾病、心理疾病和死亡风险等方面的关联以及对健康的影响的研究进展,以期为食品相关法规政策和膳食指南的制定提供科学依据。

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Tianma Gouteng Granules(天麻钩藤颗粒)in Treatment of Dizziness

Objective:The effectiveness and safety of Tianma Gouteng Granules(天麻钩藤颗粒)in the treatment of dizziness were systematically evaluated.Methods:A randomized controlled trial of Tianma Gouteng Granules for dizziness was screened out by searching CNKI,Wanfang Data,VIP,SinoMed,Cochrane Library,PubMed,Embase,Web of Science in a systematic way and was based on Handbook 5.1 evaluation criteria and tools and RevMan 5.3 software for meta-analysis of the final inclusion of the study.Results:A total of 7 studies were included,6 studies were included in meta-anlysis and 1 other study,with a total sample size of 568 cases,including 328 cases in the experiential group and 240 cases in the control group.The systolic pressure of Tianma Gouteng Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of dizziness is better than conventional treatment alone(MD=-3.38,95%CI[-4.90,-1.86],P<0.00001).The diastolic pressure of Tianma Gouteng Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of dizziness had no difference compared with conventional treatment alone(MD=-1.35,95%CI[-2.36,-0.34],P=0.72).The TCM syndromes score of Tianma Gouteng Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of dizziness was better than conventional treatment(MD=-5.18,95%CI[-6.89,-5.47],P<0.00001).The marked effective rate of Tianma Gouteng Granules combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of dizziness was better than conventional treatment(RR=2.09,95%CI[1.35,3.24],P=0.001).The marked effective rate of Tianma Gouteng Granules in the treatment of dizziness was better than conventional treatment(RR=1.85,95%CI[1.34,2.54],P=0.0002).Adverse actions included stomach discomfort,dry mouth,headache,dizziness,nausea,insomnia,rash,etc.The number of reported cases in both groups was small.Conclusion:The treatment of systolic pressure,TCM syndrome score and marked effective rate of Tianma Gouteng Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment for dizziness was better than conventional treatment.There was no difference between Tianma Gouteng Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment on diastolic pressure.No serial reverse actions were reported,and all reverse actions were reported after drug withdrawal or dose reduction,and the sample size was small,requiring large samples for further verification.However,the quality of the study is not high,and it is necessary to improve the level of evidence quality by using clinical trial schemes with large samples,rational design and compliance with international standards.

Systematic Review and Meta-analysis on the Efficacy and Safety of Changyanning Granules(肠炎宁颗粒)in Treating Diarrhea

Objective:To systemically evaluate the effectiveness and safety of Changyanning Granules(肠炎宁颗粒)combined with conventionally Western medicine in the treatment of diarrhea.Methods:Chinese and English database retrieval system:CNKI,Wanfang,VIP,Sinomed,Pub Med,Cochrane Library,Embase,and Web of Science screened out a randomized controlled trial(RCT)of Changyanning Granules in the treatment of diarrhea.Meta-analysis was performed on the included studies according to the Cochrane Handbook 5.1 evaluation criteria,tools and Rev Man 5.3 software.Results:A total of 5 studies were included,all of which were included in the Meta-analysis.The total sample size was 628 cases,with the maximum sample size of 240 cases and the minimum sample size of 78 cases,including 354 cases in the experiential group and 274 cases in the control group.Results of Meta-analysis showed that Changyanning Granules combined with conventional treatment,Changyanning Granules combined with Xiyanping Injection(喜炎平注射液)and conventional treatment,Changyanning Granules combined with smecta and conventional treatment were better than conventional treatment or Xiyanping Injection combined with conventional treatment(MD=-1.80,95%CI[-2.22,-1.38],P<0.00001).The antidiarrhoea time of Changyanning Granules combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of diarrhea was better than that of conventional treatment alone(MD=-1.70,95%CI[-1.89,-1.52],P<0.00001)when literatures with greater heterogeneity were removed.The IL-6 index of Changyanning Granules combined with conventional treatment in the treatment of diarrhea was better than that of conventional treatment alone(MD=-7.05,95%CI[-9.58,-4.52],P<0.00001).The effectiveness of Changyanning Granules combined with conventional treatment,Changyanning Granules combined with smecta and conventional treatment in the treatment of diarrhea was better than that of conventional treatment alone(RR=1.31,95%CI[1.16,1.47],P<0.0001).The adverse action rate of Changyanning Granules combined with conventional treatment,Changyanning Granules combined with smecta and conventional treatment in the treatment of diarrhea had no difference compared with conventional treatment alone(RR=2.50,95%CI[0.50,12.60],P=0.27).Adverse actions reported in the study included constipation,abdominal discomfort,nausea,and vomiting,and the incidence of reverse actions was similar between the experimental group and the control group.The number of reported ADR cases was relatively small,requiring further proof of large sample size.Conclusion:Based on the existing data and methods,the antidiarrhoea time,IL-6 index,time of absolute pain and significant efficiency of Changyanning Granules alone or combined with conventional treatment are better than conventional treatment alone in the treatment of diarrhea.Adverse actions,including nausea,vomiting,and dizziness,were reported in fewer cases and were less common in the experimental group than in the control group.However,due to the small number and low quality of the included research literatures,and the existence of certain bias,large sample and high quality literatures are needed for further verification.

防风饮片标准汤剂

目的:制备防风饮片标准汤剂,并进行质量标准的研究,为其临床应用及其他饮片标准汤剂的研究提供科学参考。方法:采用传统水煎煮方法,制备11批防风饮片标准汤剂,进行p H,升麻素苷及5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷含量的测定,计算其出膏率与转移率,并对测定方法可行性进行考察。建立HPLC指纹图谱分析方法,采用Hypersil ODS2色谱柱(4. 6 mm×250 mm,5μm),流动相甲醇-进行梯度洗脱,检测波长254 nm,流速1 m L·min^-1,柱温25℃,并进行相似度评价。结果:11批防风饮片标准汤剂的p H均为5. 5,出膏率在34. 3%~46. 3%,平均出膏率为41. 4%,标准偏差为3. 7%;升麻素苷的转移率在66. 8%~93. 5%,平均转移率为79. 4%,标准偏差为12. 1%;5-O-甲基维斯阿米醇苷的转移率在70. 4%~98. 2%,平均转移率为83. 4%,标准偏差为10. 8%。各项方法学考察结果 RSD均符合要求。指纹图谱中确定了9个主要共有峰,其相似度> 0. 9。结论:该研究建立的质量评价方法稳定性、精密度和重复性良好,指纹图谱的相似度高,适用于防风饮片标准汤剂的质量评价,并且可为其他相关制剂的质量评价提供科学依据。