桑(morus alba L.),属于桑科,俗称白桑。是一种很古老植物,因其丰富的营养和治疗价值,所以自古以来备受推崇。桑的入药部位主要有桑枝、桑叶、桑白皮、桑葚,不同药用部位均具有较强的降血糖活性,现代药理学研究表明其降血糖活性与生物...桑(morus alba L.),属于桑科,俗称白桑。是一种很古老植物,因其丰富的营养和治疗价值,所以自古以来备受推崇。桑的入药部位主要有桑枝、桑叶、桑白皮、桑葚,不同药用部位均具有较强的降血糖活性,现代药理学研究表明其降血糖活性与生物碱、黄酮、多糖类成分有关。本文将对桑不同药用部位有效降血糖成分及机制进行简要概述,为桑资源的合理开发提供依据。展开更多
OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-tussive effects of Qingfei Dayuan granules(清肺达原颗粒,QFDY),and to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of QFDY.METHODS:Anti-inflammatory effects were evaluat...OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-tussive effects of Qingfei Dayuan granules(清肺达原颗粒,QFDY),and to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of QFDY.METHODS:Anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by murine model of xylene induced ear edema in mice.Ear swelling degree was calculated and tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6 were determined.Anti-tussive evaluations were carried out in the mouse cough model induced by ammonia liquor.Latent period cough and number of cough within 3 min were counted.In acute toxicity study,the rats were randomly divided into test group and solvent control group.Body weighs,food intakes and general clinical signs were monitored.In the sub-chronic toxicity study,QFDY was administered to rats at 0,4,8 and 16 g/kg per day for 28 and 30 d of post treatment was conducted.Mortalities,clinical signs,body weight changes,food intakes,ophthalmological examinations,hematological parameters,biochemical indicators,electrolyte indicators,urinalyses and histopathological examinations were monitored.RESULTS:QFDY significantly inhibited the development of ear edema in anti-inflammatory assay and decreased cough frequency caused by ammonia liquor.The results presented a dose-effect relationship.In acute toxicity study,no abnormality exhibited at dose of 24.0 g/kg per day during the 14-d observation period.In the sub-chronic toxicity study,higher reticulocyte count,lymphocyte and lower Cl-,blood urea nitrogen were analyzed compared with the solvent control group.But the differences were considered to be incidental and not clinically toxic.Obvious dose-effect relationship of urine color was observed,and the three test groups at the end of the experiments resulted in significant increase in urobilinogen,bilirubin,ketone body and urine leukocyte.However,all the positive indicators returned to normal in the recovery period.Therefore,no toxicological changes were found during the study period.CONCLUSION:QFDY showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-tussive effects in mice.The lethal dose(LD50)of per oral QFDY in rats was estimated to be more than 24.0 g/kg per day and the no observed adverse effect level was over 16 g/kg per day,which suggested that QFDY is relatively safe for oral medication at the present dose on rats.Our experimental results provide a reference for the further development and research of QFDY.展开更多
文摘桑(morus alba L.),属于桑科,俗称白桑。是一种很古老植物,因其丰富的营养和治疗价值,所以自古以来备受推崇。桑的入药部位主要有桑枝、桑叶、桑白皮、桑葚,不同药用部位均具有较强的降血糖活性,现代药理学研究表明其降血糖活性与生物碱、黄酮、多糖类成分有关。本文将对桑不同药用部位有效降血糖成分及机制进行简要概述,为桑资源的合理开发提供依据。
基金Department of Science and Technology of Hubei Province:Preclinical Study on Qingfei Dayuan granules (No.2021BGE017)
文摘OBJECTIVE:To study the anti-inflammatory and anti-tussive effects of Qingfei Dayuan granules(清肺达原颗粒,QFDY),and to evaluate the acute and sub-chronic toxicity of QFDY.METHODS:Anti-inflammatory effects were evaluated by murine model of xylene induced ear edema in mice.Ear swelling degree was calculated and tumor necrosis factor-α,interleukin-1βand interleukin-6 were determined.Anti-tussive evaluations were carried out in the mouse cough model induced by ammonia liquor.Latent period cough and number of cough within 3 min were counted.In acute toxicity study,the rats were randomly divided into test group and solvent control group.Body weighs,food intakes and general clinical signs were monitored.In the sub-chronic toxicity study,QFDY was administered to rats at 0,4,8 and 16 g/kg per day for 28 and 30 d of post treatment was conducted.Mortalities,clinical signs,body weight changes,food intakes,ophthalmological examinations,hematological parameters,biochemical indicators,electrolyte indicators,urinalyses and histopathological examinations were monitored.RESULTS:QFDY significantly inhibited the development of ear edema in anti-inflammatory assay and decreased cough frequency caused by ammonia liquor.The results presented a dose-effect relationship.In acute toxicity study,no abnormality exhibited at dose of 24.0 g/kg per day during the 14-d observation period.In the sub-chronic toxicity study,higher reticulocyte count,lymphocyte and lower Cl-,blood urea nitrogen were analyzed compared with the solvent control group.But the differences were considered to be incidental and not clinically toxic.Obvious dose-effect relationship of urine color was observed,and the three test groups at the end of the experiments resulted in significant increase in urobilinogen,bilirubin,ketone body and urine leukocyte.However,all the positive indicators returned to normal in the recovery period.Therefore,no toxicological changes were found during the study period.CONCLUSION:QFDY showed significant anti-inflammatory and anti-tussive effects in mice.The lethal dose(LD50)of per oral QFDY in rats was estimated to be more than 24.0 g/kg per day and the no observed adverse effect level was over 16 g/kg per day,which suggested that QFDY is relatively safe for oral medication at the present dose on rats.Our experimental results provide a reference for the further development and research of QFDY.
