China's hog production is undergoing a great transformation due to the soaring demand and changing raising system. Regarding the essential role of pork in Chinese diet, a systematic analysis on the productivity and e...China's hog production is undergoing a great transformation due to the soaring demand and changing raising system. Regarding the essential role of pork in Chinese diet, a systematic analysis on the productivity and efficiency of hog production can provide significant implications for policy makers. This paper investigates the productivity and efficiency of hog production and the determinants of technical efficiency in China using a household level panel data(2004–2010). A stochastic frontier translog production function with scaling property in inefficiency term is adopted for hog production analysis, and the determinants of technical efficiency are incorporated in a one-step estimation using maximum likelihood estimation. Our results show that the average technical efficiency of hog production in China is 0.5914. More importantly, we find that specialized farmers have higher technical efficiency than others, and technical efficiency in the eastern region is higher than that in Central and West China.展开更多
目的:运用网络药理学探讨"海藻-昆布"治疗甲状腺结节作用机制。方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)筛选海藻、昆布的活性成...目的:运用网络药理学探讨"海藻-昆布"治疗甲状腺结节作用机制。方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)筛选海藻、昆布的活性成分和相关靶点,通过UniProt数据库进行靶点标准化;运用Cytoscape软件构建活性成分-靶点网络;通过Genecards数据库检索甲状腺结节相关基因;利用String数据库构建蛋白互作网络图;通过R语言和Bioconductor数据库对潜在靶点进行基因本体(Gene Ontology,GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析;最后通过分子对接技术将核心活性成分与核心靶点进行对接。结果:筛选后得到海藻、昆布共11个活性成分,194个相关靶点,核心靶点有AKT1、IL-6、VEGFA、CASP3等;GO分析得到129个相关过程,KEGG分析得到155条信号通路,分子对接结果显示核心成分与核心靶点具有较好的结合能。结论:"海藻-昆布"治疗甲状腺结节是多成分、多靶点、多通路相互作用的结果,为"海藻-昆布"的临床应用以及甲状腺相关疾病临床研究提供一定的理论依据。展开更多
基金sponsored by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(71473123,71333008)A Project Funded by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(PAPD),ChinaChina Center for Food Security Studies,Nanjing Agricultural University,China
文摘China's hog production is undergoing a great transformation due to the soaring demand and changing raising system. Regarding the essential role of pork in Chinese diet, a systematic analysis on the productivity and efficiency of hog production can provide significant implications for policy makers. This paper investigates the productivity and efficiency of hog production and the determinants of technical efficiency in China using a household level panel data(2004–2010). A stochastic frontier translog production function with scaling property in inefficiency term is adopted for hog production analysis, and the determinants of technical efficiency are incorporated in a one-step estimation using maximum likelihood estimation. Our results show that the average technical efficiency of hog production in China is 0.5914. More importantly, we find that specialized farmers have higher technical efficiency than others, and technical efficiency in the eastern region is higher than that in Central and West China.
文摘目的:运用网络药理学探讨"海藻-昆布"治疗甲状腺结节作用机制。方法:利用中药系统药理学数据库和分析平台(Traditional Chinese Medicine System Pharmacology Database and Analysis Platform,TCMSP)筛选海藻、昆布的活性成分和相关靶点,通过UniProt数据库进行靶点标准化;运用Cytoscape软件构建活性成分-靶点网络;通过Genecards数据库检索甲状腺结节相关基因;利用String数据库构建蛋白互作网络图;通过R语言和Bioconductor数据库对潜在靶点进行基因本体(Gene Ontology,GO)功能富集分析和京都基因与基因组百科全书(Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes,KEGG)通路富集分析;最后通过分子对接技术将核心活性成分与核心靶点进行对接。结果:筛选后得到海藻、昆布共11个活性成分,194个相关靶点,核心靶点有AKT1、IL-6、VEGFA、CASP3等;GO分析得到129个相关过程,KEGG分析得到155条信号通路,分子对接结果显示核心成分与核心靶点具有较好的结合能。结论:"海藻-昆布"治疗甲状腺结节是多成分、多靶点、多通路相互作用的结果,为"海藻-昆布"的临床应用以及甲状腺相关疾病临床研究提供一定的理论依据。