有机无机氮配施对高芥酸油菜绵油309产量及品质的影响

为探究有机无机氮配施对高芥酸油菜产量及品质的影响,本试验研究了6个不同处理(纯施有机肥、纯施无机肥、20%、30%、40%、50%有机肥替代量)对高芥酸工业型油菜(绵油309)产量、品质、土壤养分及经济效益的影响,以期为高芥酸工业型油菜的高产、提质、增效生产提供理论依据。结果表明:与单施化肥相比,一定比例有机无机氮配施可以显著提升油菜产量,30%有机氮配施处理产量最高,达3501.63 kg/hm^(2),较纯施有机肥显著增产24.84%,较纯施无机肥显著增产23.47%;有机无机氮配施促进油菜主序和分枝的生长发育。30%有机氮肥替代处理下在不影响芥酸含量的同时增加含油量,进而达到显著增加单位面积芥酸和食用油脂产量的目的;还能够提高土壤氮储量,从而使土壤维持较高肥力水平,实现油菜的减肥增效,以获得更高的经济效益和环境效益。

考虑阴极斑点动态特性的真空灭弧室触头磁场计算方法研究

真空断路器广泛应用于中压电力系统中,利用触头线圈产生的磁场调控真空电弧是提高真空断路器开断能力的重要手段,然而目前的设计方法没有综合考虑阴极斑点动态运动与触头线圈磁场的耦合效应,影响其设计准确性和精度。本文建立了考虑阴极斑点与磁场耦合关系的触头磁场计算模型,根据阴极斑点分布计算触头间隙控制电弧的磁场,并由磁场推进阴极斑点运动。在四分之一匝线圈式触头下,分析了阴极斑点分布对触头磁场的影响,对比了考虑耦合关系对触头磁场计算结果造成的差异。仿真结果表明,在阴极斑点的初始扩散阶段,纵磁变化不明显,而横磁随阴极斑点扩散而变化;稳定燃弧时,考虑耦合关系与否的纵磁最大差值可达纵磁最大值的24.1%。本文所建立的模型以及计算方法为真空灭弧室触头提供了一种新的设计思路与方法。

纵磁作用下真空电弧单阴极斑点等离子体射流三维混合模拟

真空电弧的特性直接受到从阴极斑点喷射出的等离子体射流的影响,对等离子体射流进行数值仿真有助于我们深入了解真空电弧的内部物理机制.然而,磁流体动力学和粒子云网格仿真方法受限于计算精度和计算效率的原因,无法有效地应用于真空电弧等离子体射流仿真模拟.本文开发了一套三维等离子体混合模拟算法,并在此基础上建立了真空电弧单阴极斑点射流仿真模型,模型中将离子作宏粒子考虑,而电子作无质量流体处理,仿真计算了自生电磁场与外施纵向磁场作用下等离子体的分布运动状态.仿真结果表明,单个阴极斑点情况下真空等离子体射流在离开阴极斑点后扩散至极板间,其整体几何形状为圆锥形,离子密度从阴极到阳极快速下降.外施纵向磁场会压缩等离子体,使得等离子体射流径向的扩散减少并且轴线上的离子密度升高.随着外施纵向磁场的增大,其对等离子体射流的压缩效应增强,表现为等离子体射流的扩散角度逐渐减小.此外,外施纵向磁场对等离子体射流的影响也受到电弧电流大小的影响,压缩效应随电弧电流的增加而逐渐减弱.

干预前后我院围手术期预防用抗菌药物效果分析

目的探讨干预前后我院围手术期预防用抗菌药物的合理性和干预措施的效果。方法分别调取我院2012年1~8月出院病例1029例纳入干预前组,2013年1~8月出院病例950例纳入干预后组,对两组的预防用药情况进行分析。结果行政干预+临床药师干预后,我院I类切口抗菌药物预防使用率从64.1%降至36.6%;预防用药时间≤24h率由36.3%升至76.7%。I、II类手术切口术前0.5~2h给药合理率由89.2%升至95.4%;品种选择合理率由26.6%上升至88.9%。结论行政部门和临床药师的共同干预下,可有效引导围手术期预防用药。

酪氨酸激酶抑制剂类小分子抗肿瘤药物的研究进展

酪氨酸激酶在肿瘤发生发展过程中扮演着重要的角色,以其为导向的分子靶向药物研发已成为现代抗肿瘤药物发展的主流趋势之一,近年来已取得重大进展。本文总结并综述了近年来30余种已上市的酪氨酸激酶抑制剂类小分子抗肿瘤靶向药物,同时概述了相关类似物结构改造的研究进展和趋势。

Impact of parameter fluctuations on the performance of ethanol precipitation in production of Re Du Ning Injections, based on HPLC fingerprints and principal component analysis

The present study was designed to determine the relationships between the performance of ethanol precipitation and seven process parameters in the ethanol precipitation process of Re Du Ning Injections,including concentrate density,concentrate temperature,ethanol content,flow rate and stir rate in the addition of ethanol,precipitation time,and precipitation temperature.Under the experimental and simulated production conditions,a series of precipitated resultants were prepared by changing these variables one by one,and then examined by HPLC fingerprint analyses.Different from the traditional evaluation model based on single or a few constituents,the fingerprint data of every parameter fluctuation test was processed with Principal Component Analysis(PCA)to comprehensively assess the performance of ethanol precipitation.Our results showed that concentrate density,ethanol content,and precipitation time were the most important parameters that influence the recovery of active compounds in precipitation resultants.The present study would provide some reference for pharmaceutical scientists engaged in research on pharmaceutical process optimization and help pharmaceutical enterprises adapt a scientific and reasonable cost-effective approach to ensure the batch-to-batch quality consistency of the final products.

The integrated quality assessment of Chinese commercial dry red wine based on a method of online HPLC-DAD-CL combined with HPLC-ESI-MS

AIM: To apply an integrated quality assessment strategy to investigate the quality of multiple Chinese commercial dry red wine samples. METHOD: A comprehensive method was developed by combining a high performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector-chemiluminescence(HPLC-DAD-CL) online hyphenated system with an HPLC-ESI-MS technique. RESULTS: Chromatographic and H2O2-scavenging active fingerprints of thirteen batches of different, commercially available Chinese dry red wine samples were obtained and analyzed. Twenty-five compounds, including eighteen antioxidants were identified and evaluated. The dominant and characteristic antioxidants in the samples were identified. The relationships between antioxidant potency and the cultivated variety of grape, producing area, cellaring period, and trade mark are also discussed. CONCLUSION: The results provide the feasibility for an integrated quality assessment strategy to be efficiently and objectively used in quality(especially antioxidant activity) assessment and identification of dry red wine.