A cell dynamics simulation is performed for a diblock-diblock copolymers mixture confined between parallel walls.Much richer morphologies are observed in the mixture than in pure diblock copolymers.Multiple novel morp...A cell dynamics simulation is performed for a diblock-diblock copolymers mixture confined between parallel walls.Much richer morphologies are observed in the mixture than in pure diblock copolymers.Multiple novel morphological transitions occur by changing the wall-block interaction and the distance between walls(confinement degree),and both perpendicular and parallel multilayered sandwich structures are obtained in the mixture.展开更多
Using cell dynamics system simulation,we provide a simple way to form differently ordered patterns in a photosensitive,immiscible ABC ternary blend.The first pattern is established by irradiating the sample through a ...Using cell dynamics system simulation,we provide a simple way to form differently ordered patterns in a photosensitive,immiscible ABC ternary blend.The first pattern is established by irradiating the sample through a mask,which serves to pin the non-photoactivity C regions and thereby promotes the self-assembly of A and B into ordered domains.When the mask is removed,the photoactivity of the AB blend leads to different periodic patterns.Thus,the use of one mask permits the creation of multiple ordered morphologies,which can be stable for a long time by quenching the system at the appropriate time or choosing a suitable composition ratio and mask shape.Furthermore,the influence on the morphology of the composition ratio,the shape of the mask,and the illumination intensity are studied systematically.展开更多
Background Preeclampsia, especially early onset of preeclampsia （PE）, is a common and serious disorder with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Dietary factor is one of the most important factors wh...Background Preeclampsia, especially early onset of preeclampsia （PE）, is a common and serious disorder with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Dietary factor is one of the most important factors which may affect the occurrence and development of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary factors on pathological changes of liver and placenta in preeclampsia-like mouse model by establishing the model at multiple stages of gestation. Methods Wild-type （WT） mice were injected subcutaneously with nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME, 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） to establish PE-like model （L-NAME group） at early-, mid-, and late- pregnant periods respectively; simultaneously, the control mice were injected with normal saline （NS group）. All the groups were divided into subgroups, standard chow group （SC）, and high-fat diet group （HF）. ApoE^-/- pregnant mice served as a control group. Systolic blood pressure （SBP）, urine protein, and histopathologic changes of placenta and liver in all groups were observed and statistically analyzed. Results In WT and apoE^-/- L-NAME subgroups, blood pressure and urine protein were significantly higher than those in all the gestational age matched NS groups （P 〈0.05）. Compared to other groups, remarkable liver fatty infiltration and lipid storage in placenta were found in early- and mid-L-NAME subgroups in apoE^-/- mice （P 〈0.05）, especially in the early- and mid-HF＋L-NAME subgroups in apoE^-/- mice （P 〈0.05）. More lipid storage droplets both in liver and placenta were found in ApoE^-/- mice than that of WT groups （P 〈0.05）. Morphology histopathologic examination of placentas showed varying degrees of fibrinoid necrosis and villous interstitial edema in early- and mid-L-NAME both in HF and SC of apoE^-/- and WT subgroups compared to NS controls （P 〈0.05）. But there was no significant difference between HF and SC subgroups （P 〉0.05）, and no difference between apoE^-/-and WT groups （P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Preeclampsia-like conditions could be induced by L-NAME in mice at different gestational stages. Both WT and apoE^-/- genotype mice with preeclampsia-like symptoms in early and mid stages of pregnancy presented lipid deposition in the placenta and hepatic fatty infiltration. To alter the environmental condition by feeding high-fat diet was harmful to the mother and the fetus. High-fat diet aggravated the impact of liver fatty infiltration at early and mid gestational stages especially in the apoE^-/- mouse model. These results further revealed the association between early-onset preeclampsia and the dysoxidation of fatty acids.展开更多
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 21031003the Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi Province under Grant No 2007011055+2 种基金the Soft Science Program of Shanxi Province under Grant No 2011041015-01the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant Nos 20091404120002 and 20121404110004the Research Foundation for Excellent Talents of Shanxi Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security.
文摘A cell dynamics simulation is performed for a diblock-diblock copolymers mixture confined between parallel walls.Much richer morphologies are observed in the mixture than in pure diblock copolymers.Multiple novel morphological transitions occur by changing the wall-block interaction and the distance between walls(confinement degree),and both perpendicular and parallel multilayered sandwich structures are obtained in the mixture.
基金Supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant No 21031003the Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shanxi under Grant No 2007011055+2 种基金the Soft Science Program of Shanxi Province under Grant No 2011041015-01the Specialized Research Fund for the Doctoral Program of Higher Education of China under Grant Nos 20091404120002 and 20121404110004the Research Foundation for Excellent Talents of Shanxi Provincial Department of Human Resources and Social Security.
文摘Using cell dynamics system simulation,we provide a simple way to form differently ordered patterns in a photosensitive,immiscible ABC ternary blend.The first pattern is established by irradiating the sample through a mask,which serves to pin the non-photoactivity C regions and thereby promotes the self-assembly of A and B into ordered domains.When the mask is removed,the photoactivity of the AB blend leads to different periodic patterns.Thus,the use of one mask permits the creation of multiple ordered morphologies,which can be stable for a long time by quenching the system at the appropriate time or choosing a suitable composition ratio and mask shape.Furthermore,the influence on the morphology of the composition ratio,the shape of the mask,and the illumination intensity are studied systematically.
基金This work was supported by a grant from the National Natural Science Foundation of China （No. 30973204）.
文摘Background Preeclampsia, especially early onset of preeclampsia （PE）, is a common and serious disorder with high maternal and perinatal morbidity and mortality. Dietary factor is one of the most important factors which may affect the occurrence and development of the disease. The aim of this study is to investigate the effects of dietary factors on pathological changes of liver and placenta in preeclampsia-like mouse model by establishing the model at multiple stages of gestation. Methods Wild-type （WT） mice were injected subcutaneously with nitric oxide synthase （NOS） inhibitor L-arginine methyl ester （L-NAME, 50 mg·kg^-1·d^-1） to establish PE-like model （L-NAME group） at early-, mid-, and late- pregnant periods respectively; simultaneously, the control mice were injected with normal saline （NS group）. All the groups were divided into subgroups, standard chow group （SC）, and high-fat diet group （HF）. ApoE^-/- pregnant mice served as a control group. Systolic blood pressure （SBP）, urine protein, and histopathologic changes of placenta and liver in all groups were observed and statistically analyzed. Results In WT and apoE^-/- L-NAME subgroups, blood pressure and urine protein were significantly higher than those in all the gestational age matched NS groups （P 〈0.05）. Compared to other groups, remarkable liver fatty infiltration and lipid storage in placenta were found in early- and mid-L-NAME subgroups in apoE^-/- mice （P 〈0.05）, especially in the early- and mid-HF＋L-NAME subgroups in apoE^-/- mice （P 〈0.05）. More lipid storage droplets both in liver and placenta were found in ApoE^-/- mice than that of WT groups （P 〈0.05）. Morphology histopathologic examination of placentas showed varying degrees of fibrinoid necrosis and villous interstitial edema in early- and mid-L-NAME both in HF and SC of apoE^-/- and WT subgroups compared to NS controls （P 〈0.05）. But there was no significant difference between HF and SC subgroups （P 〉0.05）, and no difference between apoE^-/-and WT groups （P 〉0.05）. Conclusions Preeclampsia-like conditions could be induced by L-NAME in mice at different gestational stages. Both WT and apoE^-/- genotype mice with preeclampsia-like symptoms in early and mid stages of pregnancy presented lipid deposition in the placenta and hepatic fatty infiltration. To alter the environmental condition by feeding high-fat diet was harmful to the mother and the fetus. High-fat diet aggravated the impact of liver fatty infiltration at early and mid gestational stages especially in the apoE^-/- mouse model. These results further revealed the association between early-onset preeclampsia and the dysoxidation of fatty acids.
