目的探究显微镜辅助颈椎前路减压内固定融合术(anterior cervical decompression and fusion,ACDF)在颈椎病治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析烟台业达医院2019年2月~2020年6月收治的78例颈椎病患者资料,按手术方式的不同分成A、B组。A组38...目的探究显微镜辅助颈椎前路减压内固定融合术(anterior cervical decompression and fusion,ACDF)在颈椎病治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析烟台业达医院2019年2月~2020年6月收治的78例颈椎病患者资料,按手术方式的不同分成A、B组。A组38例实施标准开放ACDF治疗,B组40例实施显微镜辅助ACDF。观察并记录两组手术参数,统计并发症发生情况,采用数字分级评分法(numerical rating scale,NRS)、日本骨科协会评分(Japanese orthopaedic association score,JOA)分别对两组术前、术后1年的疼痛度、颈椎神经功能进行评定,测量颈椎Cobb角,并计算颈椎神经功能改善率。结果B组手术用时、术中失血量均较A组少(P<0.05),术后住院时间组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);A组发生2例脑脊液漏,B组无并发症发生,组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);与同组术前相比,两组术后1年NRS、JOA评分、颈椎Cobb角均明显改善(P<0.05),而组间上述指标比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);A组颈椎神经功能改善率89.47%与B组的92.50%相比,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对颈椎病患者实施显微镜辅助ACDF的治疗效果较好,且具有手术用时短、术中失血量少等优势。展开更多
针对无人车传统RRT路径规划算法节点搜索盲目性、随机性以及路径曲折不连续等问题,提出一种动态变采样区域RRT路径规划算法(dynamic variable sampling area RRT,DVSA-RRT).首先,初始化地图信息,根据动态变采样区域公式划分采样空间,进...针对无人车传统RRT路径规划算法节点搜索盲目性、随机性以及路径曲折不连续等问题,提出一种动态变采样区域RRT路径规划算法(dynamic variable sampling area RRT,DVSA-RRT).首先,初始化地图信息,根据动态变采样区域公式划分采样空间,进而选择采样区域;在此基础上,利用基于安全距离的碰撞检测、概率目标偏置策略和多级步长扩展完成初始路径规划;最后,利用考虑最大转角约束的逆向寻优和3次B样条曲线对初始路径进行拟合优化.仿真结果表明,该算法相较于原始RRT算法在不同地图环境下的搜索时间和采样次数均降低50%以上,大大降低了节点搜索的盲目性和随机性,相较于其他算法搜索时间也减少30%以上,且优化后的路径平滑满足车辆运动动力学约束.展开更多
Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents was increasing during the past few decades. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of after-school exercise with o...Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents was increasing during the past few decades. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of after-school exercise with or without diet restriction on total and central obesity, fitness level, and metabolic profile in overweight Chinese adolescents.Methods A ten-week weight loss trial was performed using a 2×2 block design （exercisexdiet）. Ninety-three overweight adolescents （average age：（13.6±0.7） years; body mass index （BMI）： 22.4-34.1 kg/m2） were randomly assigned to four groups：1） diet （D）; 2） exercise （EX）; 3） diet plus exercise （DEX）; and 4） overweight control （C）. Caloric intake recipes were enacted based on individual age and corresponding ideal body weight. One-hour after-school exercise was performed once per day, four days per week for ten weeks. Changes of anthropometry, body composition, aerobic fitness,and metabolic biomarkers were determined.Results Groups D, EX and DEX had a significant decrease in BMI （P〈0.01） after the intervention. The percentage of body and truncal fat, and waist circumference were independently reduced by exercise （P〈0.05 and P 〈0.01）, but not diet. The decrease in body fat percentage was positively related with the exercise compliance （r=0.34,P=0.01）. Exercise decreased truncal fat percentage and waist circumference, suggesting a reduction of central adiposity, but did not significantly affect body weight and BMI. Exercise significantly reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （P=0.037）, which was positively correlated with decreases of truncal fat percentage （r=0.222, P=0.048）. No significant effects of interventions on insulin sensitivity, early insulin release index, and aerobic fitness were observed.Conclusion At least twice a week of one-hour after-school exercise significantly attenuated central adiposity and had a significant impact on lipid profiles in overweight Chinese adolescents.展开更多
文摘目的探究显微镜辅助颈椎前路减压内固定融合术(anterior cervical decompression and fusion,ACDF)在颈椎病治疗中的效果。方法回顾性分析烟台业达医院2019年2月~2020年6月收治的78例颈椎病患者资料,按手术方式的不同分成A、B组。A组38例实施标准开放ACDF治疗,B组40例实施显微镜辅助ACDF。观察并记录两组手术参数,统计并发症发生情况,采用数字分级评分法(numerical rating scale,NRS)、日本骨科协会评分(Japanese orthopaedic association score,JOA)分别对两组术前、术后1年的疼痛度、颈椎神经功能进行评定,测量颈椎Cobb角,并计算颈椎神经功能改善率。结果B组手术用时、术中失血量均较A组少(P<0.05),术后住院时间组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);A组发生2例脑脊液漏,B组无并发症发生,组间比较无统计学差异(P>0.05);与同组术前相比,两组术后1年NRS、JOA评分、颈椎Cobb角均明显改善(P<0.05),而组间上述指标比较均无统计学差异(P>0.05);A组颈椎神经功能改善率89.47%与B组的92.50%相比,无统计学差异(P>0.05)。结论对颈椎病患者实施显微镜辅助ACDF的治疗效果较好,且具有手术用时短、术中失血量少等优势。
文摘针对无人车传统RRT路径规划算法节点搜索盲目性、随机性以及路径曲折不连续等问题,提出一种动态变采样区域RRT路径规划算法(dynamic variable sampling area RRT,DVSA-RRT).首先,初始化地图信息,根据动态变采样区域公式划分采样空间,进而选择采样区域;在此基础上,利用基于安全距离的碰撞检测、概率目标偏置策略和多级步长扩展完成初始路径规划;最后,利用考虑最大转角约束的逆向寻优和3次B样条曲线对初始路径进行拟合优化.仿真结果表明,该算法相较于原始RRT算法在不同地图环境下的搜索时间和采样次数均降低50%以上,大大降低了节点搜索的盲目性和随机性,相较于其他算法搜索时间也减少30%以上,且优化后的路径平滑满足车辆运动动力学约束.
基金Item：This study was supported by grants from National Social Science Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China （No.BLA060052）, National Basic Research Program of China （No.2006CB 503910）, National Natural Science foundation of China（No. 30572082）, Natural Science foundation of Beijing （No.7092090）.
文摘Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity in Chinese children and adolescents was increasing during the past few decades. The goal of this study was to investigate the effects of after-school exercise with or without diet restriction on total and central obesity, fitness level, and metabolic profile in overweight Chinese adolescents.Methods A ten-week weight loss trial was performed using a 2×2 block design （exercisexdiet）. Ninety-three overweight adolescents （average age：（13.6±0.7） years; body mass index （BMI）： 22.4-34.1 kg/m2） were randomly assigned to four groups：1） diet （D）; 2） exercise （EX）; 3） diet plus exercise （DEX）; and 4） overweight control （C）. Caloric intake recipes were enacted based on individual age and corresponding ideal body weight. One-hour after-school exercise was performed once per day, four days per week for ten weeks. Changes of anthropometry, body composition, aerobic fitness,and metabolic biomarkers were determined.Results Groups D, EX and DEX had a significant decrease in BMI （P〈0.01） after the intervention. The percentage of body and truncal fat, and waist circumference were independently reduced by exercise （P〈0.05 and P 〈0.01）, but not diet. The decrease in body fat percentage was positively related with the exercise compliance （r=0.34,P=0.01）. Exercise decreased truncal fat percentage and waist circumference, suggesting a reduction of central adiposity, but did not significantly affect body weight and BMI. Exercise significantly reduced serum low-density lipoprotein cholesterol （P=0.037）, which was positively correlated with decreases of truncal fat percentage （r=0.222, P=0.048）. No significant effects of interventions on insulin sensitivity, early insulin release index, and aerobic fitness were observed.Conclusion At least twice a week of one-hour after-school exercise significantly attenuated central adiposity and had a significant impact on lipid profiles in overweight Chinese adolescents.
