Image recognition and empirical application of desert plant species based on convolutional neural network

In recent years,deep convolution neural network has exhibited excellent performance in computer vision and has a far-reaching impact.Traditional plant taxonomic identification requires high expertise,which is time-consuming.Most nature reserves have problems such as incomplete species surveys,inaccurate taxonomic identification,and untimely updating of status data.Simple and accurate recognition of plant images can be achieved by applying convolutional neural network technology to explore the best network model.Taking 24 typical desert plant species that are widely distributed in the nature reserves in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of China as the research objects,this study established an image database and select the optimal network model for the image recognition of desert plant species to provide decision support for fine management in the nature reserves in Xinjiang,such as species investigation and monitoring,by using deep learning.Since desert plant species were not included in the public dataset,the images used in this study were mainly obtained through field shooting and downloaded from the Plant Photo Bank of China(PPBC).After the sorting process and statistical analysis,a total of 2331 plant images were finally collected(2071 images from field collection and 260 images from the PPBC),including 24 plant species belonging to 14 families and 22 genera.A large number of numerical experiments were also carried out to compare a series of 37 convolutional neural network models with good performance,from different perspectives,to find the optimal network model that is most suitable for the image recognition of desert plant species in Xinjiang.The results revealed 24 models with a recognition Accuracy,of greater than 70.000%.Among which,Residual Network X_8GF(RegNetX_8GF)performs the best,with Accuracy,Precision,Recall,and F1(which refers to the harmonic mean of the Precision and Recall values)values of 78.33%,77.65%,69.55%,and 71.26%,respectively.Considering the demand factors of hardware equipment and inference time,Mobile NetworkV2 achieves the best balance among the Accuracy,the number of parameters and the number of floating-point operations.The number of parameters for Mobile Network V2(MobileNetV2)is 1/16 of RegNetX_8GF,and the number of floating-point operations is 1/24.Our findings can facilitate efficient decision-making for the management of species survey,cataloging,inspection,and monitoring in the nature reserves in Xinjiang,providing a scientific basis for the protection and utilization of natural plant resources.

基于深度学习的七类病毒电镜图像自动识别

目的应用深度学习进行病毒电镜图像的分类,通过多种模型性能的比较,提供适用于病毒电镜图像分类的网络模型,提供病毒电镜图像识别的辅助与支持,减少研究人员的劳动强度和分析时间。方法通过加深网络深度、调整学习率和批量大小等参数,使用AlexNet、VGG、ResNet、DenseNet、SqueezeNet、MobileNet、ShuffleNet多种经典的卷积神经网络对七种病毒电镜图像进行分类。结果DenseNet169以91.9%的准确率、90.1%的敏感度和98.6%的特异度取得了模型最佳性能。其中,模型对细小病毒的识别效果最好,乳头瘤病毒、疱疹病毒、痘病毒和轮状病毒的精确率、敏感度、特异度和F1值均在90%以上,甚至接近100%。同时,轻量级网络ShuffleNet的性能以更少的参数量和浮点次数超越了深度网络AlexNet和VGG,并能够以比ResNet少约15倍的参数量和90余倍的浮点运算次数取得与之相当的结果;与DenseNet相比,孙世丁通过牺牲可接受范围内的识别性能换取了比其少约10倍的参数量和80余倍的浮点运算次数。结论深度网络DenseNet169能够以最佳性能实现病毒电镜图像的自动识别,轻量网络ShuffleNet_v2_x0_5能够以更少的参数量和浮点运算次数实现次优性能,在实际应用中可结合具体情况在深度网络和轻量级网络之间进行取舍。