2023版慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease,GOLD)(2023版GOLD)首次提出了“保留比率的肺功能受减损(preserved ratio impaired spirometry,PRISm)”的概念,即受检者吸入支气管扩张剂后,...2023版慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease,GOLD)(2023版GOLD)首次提出了“保留比率的肺功能受减损(preserved ratio impaired spirometry,PRISm)”的概念,即受检者吸入支气管扩张剂后,第一秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量百分率(percentage of forced expiratory volume in first seco⁃nd to forced vital capacity,FEV1/FVC)≥0.7(即一秒率正常),但患者存在肺通气功能减损,表现为吸入支气管扩张剂后,FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%)<80%和(或)FVC占预计值百分比(FVC%)<80%。PRISm与COPD并发症发生率及全因死亡率的增加显著相关。GOLD认为,此类人群是发生慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary di⁃sease,COPD)的高危人群,其中尤其需要关注以FVC下降为主的PRISm人群。2023版GOLD指出,即使患者未能符合COPD诊断标准,但由于其临床症状、肺功能减损和(或)支气管肺泡结构异常,应将PRISm患者视作COPD患者,进行PRISm早期筛查、规范化的治疗和管理。未来我国亟需开展大样本、多中心、长期随访的相关队列研究。展开更多
In the past two decades,model averaging,as a way to solve model uncertainty,has attracted more and more attention.In this paper,the authors propose a jackknife model averaging(JMA) method for the quantile single-index...In the past two decades,model averaging,as a way to solve model uncertainty,has attracted more and more attention.In this paper,the authors propose a jackknife model averaging(JMA) method for the quantile single-index coefficient model,which is widely used in statistics.Under model misspecification,the model averaging estimator is proved to be asymptotically optimal in terms of minimizing out-of-sample quantile loss.Simulation experiments are conducted to compare the JMA method with several model selections and model averaging methods,and the results show that the proposed method has a satisfactory performance.The method is also applied to a real dataset.展开更多
文摘2023版慢性阻塞性肺疾病全球倡议(Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease,GOLD)(2023版GOLD)首次提出了“保留比率的肺功能受减损(preserved ratio impaired spirometry,PRISm)”的概念,即受检者吸入支气管扩张剂后,第一秒用力呼气量占用力肺活量百分率(percentage of forced expiratory volume in first seco⁃nd to forced vital capacity,FEV1/FVC)≥0.7(即一秒率正常),但患者存在肺通气功能减损,表现为吸入支气管扩张剂后,FEV1占预计值百分比(FEV1%)<80%和(或)FVC占预计值百分比(FVC%)<80%。PRISm与COPD并发症发生率及全因死亡率的增加显著相关。GOLD认为,此类人群是发生慢性阻塞性肺疾病(chronic obstructive pulmonary di⁃sease,COPD)的高危人群,其中尤其需要关注以FVC下降为主的PRISm人群。2023版GOLD指出,即使患者未能符合COPD诊断标准,但由于其临床症状、肺功能减损和(或)支气管肺泡结构异常,应将PRISm患者视作COPD患者,进行PRISm早期筛查、规范化的治疗和管理。未来我国亟需开展大样本、多中心、长期随访的相关队列研究。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.U23A2064 and 12031005。
文摘In the past two decades,model averaging,as a way to solve model uncertainty,has attracted more and more attention.In this paper,the authors propose a jackknife model averaging(JMA) method for the quantile single-index coefficient model,which is widely used in statistics.Under model misspecification,the model averaging estimator is proved to be asymptotically optimal in terms of minimizing out-of-sample quantile loss.Simulation experiments are conducted to compare the JMA method with several model selections and model averaging methods,and the results show that the proposed method has a satisfactory performance.The method is also applied to a real dataset.
