Water electrolysis is considered as the most capable and old technology for <span style="font-family:Verdana;">hydrogen fuel preparation. Electrolysis needs external electrical energy through </span...Water electrolysis is considered as the most capable and old technology for <span style="font-family:Verdana;">hydrogen fuel preparation. Electrolysis needs external electrical energy through </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">electrodes to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. An efficient electrolysis requires suitable electrodes to minimize potential drop. In this study Aluminium and Copper Coated Aluminium were used as different combination of Anodes and Cathodes to find out more efficient electrodes combination. NaCl solution in rain water was taken as electrolyte. Rain water was taken to avoid ionic impedance of tap water and expenses of distilled water. In this study, the most efficient electrode combination was Copper Coated Aluminium (anode)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aluminium (cathode) and gave the highest efficiency of hydrogen production to about 11% at normal temperature for very low concentration of NaCl (0.051</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M) which increased with temperature, up to 29% upon rising of temp to 60<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. It was showed that higher concentration of electrolyte would surge the efficiency significantly. If the supplied heat could be provided from any waste heat sources then this study would be more efficient. However, current research evaluated the technical feasibility of this electrode combination for producing hydrogen with electrolysis of rain water utilizing electricity and modified electrodes.</span></span></span></span>展开更多
In order to explore new application opportunities of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) ceramic composite by modifying the conventional ferroelectric properties of BST through La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</...In order to explore new application opportunities of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) ceramic composite by modifying the conventional ferroelectric properties of BST through La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> doping in BST matrix sintered at different temperature was investigated in this current study. Unadulterated Ba<sub>0.3</sub>Sr<sub>0.7</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BST) matrix was prepared from BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (99.95%) and SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (99.95%) taken in stoichiometric extents which later doped by La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (99.99%) in varying extents (0.05 g, 0.10 g and 0.15 g) exploiting solid state reaction route. Doping caused drag effect for the penetration of impurities and sintering temperature helped the impurities migration to BST. Dielectric constant gets lower with rising of frequency, as electrons do not get enough time to polarize at high frequency. Dielectric constant and conductance are found maximum for the sample (0.1 g La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> doped BST) sintered at 1460<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and reverse is found in impedance analysis. These electrical properties showed visible frequency dependent response irrespective of sintering temperature and doping.展开更多
Aluminum wire mat reinforced polyester composite has been studied as an al-ternative structural material. The physical and mechanical properties of the composite such as tensile strength, flexural strength, water abso...Aluminum wire mat reinforced polyester composite has been studied as an al-ternative structural material. The physical and mechanical properties of the composite such as tensile strength, flexural strength, water absorption, hardness illustrated the competency of the developed composite. It was found that per-cent water absorption is very low for the resultant studied composite. However, water absorption increased very slowly when metal mat layers were increased. Furthermore, mechanical strength of the composite was increased as mechanical properties: tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness and stiffness of this composite increased with the increase in the number of metal mat layer in the composite. This study suggested the use of this composite as an unbeaten al-ternative structural material to conventional materials.展开更多
文摘Water electrolysis is considered as the most capable and old technology for <span style="font-family:Verdana;">hydrogen fuel preparation. Electrolysis needs external electrical energy through </span><span style="font-family:Verdana;">electrodes to split water into hydrogen and oxygen. An efficient electrolysis requires suitable electrodes to minimize potential drop. In this study Aluminium and Copper Coated Aluminium were used as different combination of Anodes and Cathodes to find out more efficient electrodes combination. NaCl solution in rain water was taken as electrolyte. Rain water was taken to avoid ionic impedance of tap water and expenses of distilled water. In this study, the most efficient electrode combination was Copper Coated Aluminium (anode)</span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">-</span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">Aluminium (cathode) and gave the highest efficiency of hydrogen production to about 11% at normal temperature for very low concentration of NaCl (0.051</span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""> </span></span></span><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;"><span style="font-family:Verdana;">M) which increased with temperature, up to 29% upon rising of temp to 60<span style="font-family:Verdana, Helvetica, Arial;white-space:normal;background-color:#FFFFFF;">°</span></span></span></span><span><span><span style="font-family:;" "=""><span style="font-family:Verdana;">C. It was showed that higher concentration of electrolyte would surge the efficiency significantly. If the supplied heat could be provided from any waste heat sources then this study would be more efficient. However, current research evaluated the technical feasibility of this electrode combination for producing hydrogen with electrolysis of rain water utilizing electricity and modified electrodes.</span></span></span></span>
文摘In order to explore new application opportunities of Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) ceramic composite by modifying the conventional ferroelectric properties of BST through La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> doping in BST matrix sintered at different temperature was investigated in this current study. Unadulterated Ba<sub>0.3</sub>Sr<sub>0.7</sub>TiO<sub>3</sub> (BST) matrix was prepared from BaTiO<sub>3</sub> (99.95%) and SrTiO<sub>3</sub> (99.95%) taken in stoichiometric extents which later doped by La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> (99.99%) in varying extents (0.05 g, 0.10 g and 0.15 g) exploiting solid state reaction route. Doping caused drag effect for the penetration of impurities and sintering temperature helped the impurities migration to BST. Dielectric constant gets lower with rising of frequency, as electrons do not get enough time to polarize at high frequency. Dielectric constant and conductance are found maximum for the sample (0.1 g La<sub>2</sub>O<sub>3</sub> doped BST) sintered at 1460<span style="white-space:nowrap;">°</span>C and reverse is found in impedance analysis. These electrical properties showed visible frequency dependent response irrespective of sintering temperature and doping.
文摘Aluminum wire mat reinforced polyester composite has been studied as an al-ternative structural material. The physical and mechanical properties of the composite such as tensile strength, flexural strength, water absorption, hardness illustrated the competency of the developed composite. It was found that per-cent water absorption is very low for the resultant studied composite. However, water absorption increased very slowly when metal mat layers were increased. Furthermore, mechanical strength of the composite was increased as mechanical properties: tensile strength, flexural strength, hardness and stiffness of this composite increased with the increase in the number of metal mat layer in the composite. This study suggested the use of this composite as an unbeaten al-ternative structural material to conventional materials.