High-performance bi-functional materials are in urgent demand for the next-generation integrated optical devices.In this work,we successfully synthesized the first tricyanomelaminate with bi-functional optical respons...High-performance bi-functional materials are in urgent demand for the next-generation integrated optical devices.In this work,we successfully synthesized the first tricyanomelaminate with bi-functional optical responses,namely Cs_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•H_(2)O(I),from its analogue Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O by a facile ion exchange method.In contrast to Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O,I realizes an optimal arrangement of𝜋π-conjugated(C_(6)N_(9))3−anion groups in its crystal structure.As a result,the second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)response is greatly enhanced from nearly zero of Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O to∼9.8×KH_(2)PO_(4)of I.Furthermore,I exhibits a giant linear optical anisotropic response(i.e.birefringence)of 0.52 at the wavelength of 550 nm.Both responses are almost the largest among the inorganic compounds ofπ-conjugated rings,which indicates that I has great potential as a bi-functional optical crystal.Structural and theoretical analyses reveal the microscopic origin of excellent optical properties.This work would attract a lot of interest to the persistently neglected potential of tricyanomelaminates as linear optical and NLO crystals.展开更多
Deep-ultraviolet(deep-UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are of current interest because they play an indis-pensable role in modern scientific equipment.Searching these crystals was traditionally limited toπ-conjugate...Deep-ultraviolet(deep-UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are of current interest because they play an indis-pensable role in modern scientific equipment.Searching these crystals was traditionally limited toπ-conjugated systems,such as borates and carbonates.In 2019,our group reported two non-π-conjugated sulfates as new sources of deep-UV NLO crystals for the first time.In this mini review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge in aspect of synthesis methods,crystal structures,thermal stability,and optical performance.Besides,we conclude the crucial structure-property relationships,and further give some prospects for exploring non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge with high thermal stability,enhanced second-order NLO effects,birefringence,etc.We believe that this mini review will not only facilitate researchers to design superior non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge but also shed useful insights on the explorations of other non-π-conjugated deep-UV NLO crystal systems.展开更多
In spite of decades of great efforts,it is still very challenging to realize accurate design and synthesis of second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals.KBe_(2)BO_(3)F_(2)(KBBF)is the sole NLO material that can outpu...In spite of decades of great efforts,it is still very challenging to realize accurate design and synthesis of second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals.KBe_(2)BO_(3)F_(2)(KBBF)is the sole NLO material that can output deep-ultraviolet light by direct second-harmonic generation process,so it is an ideal choice to use KBBF as the structural template to design environment-friendly candidates with better growth habit based on the reported compounds.In this review,we will elaborate the accurate design and synthesis of high-performance NLO ma-terials from the perspective of microscopic crystal structure based on KBBF,hoping to provide deep understanding on how to rationally design and synthesize targeted compounds efficiently and quickly.In addition,according to multiple requirements on ultraviolet NLO crystals,including second-harmonic generation,cut-off edge,and birefringence,we propose a new concept so-called quality factor to comprehensively evaluate the overall per-formance of new ultraviolet NLO materials.This concept would help to directly and readily evaluate the ability of an ultraviolet NLO material to achieve practical NLO output.展开更多
Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are core materials in laser frequency-conversion technique,and the requirement on the laser wavelength varies from one application to another.Now,the commercial NLO crystals,e.g.,KDP,LBO...Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are core materials in laser frequency-conversion technique,and the requirement on the laser wavelength varies from one application to another.Now,the commercial NLO crystals,e.g.,KDP,LBO,BBO,KTP,AgGaS_(2),ZnGeP_(2),et al.,have prevailed in ultraviolet(UV)/visible and near-/mid-infrared region for decades.展开更多
Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals can efficiently convert the frequency of common solid-state laser with fixed or limited wavelengths.Since the first observation of second-harmonic generation(SHG)phenomenon in the early ...Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals can efficiently convert the frequency of common solid-state laser with fixed or limited wavelengths.Since the first observation of second-harmonic generation(SHG)phenomenon in the early 1960s,they have played an increasing role in the fields of laser spectra,precision measurements,and quantum information,as well as industrial laser processing,and so on.However,it is still challenging to rationally design and synthesize new NLO crystals.展开更多
1.Text 2D van der Waals materials possess intriguing features[1],especially optically,such as high nonlinear optical responses[2],broadband spectral response[3],and accessible exciton effects[4].Unlike conventional 2D...1.Text 2D van der Waals materials possess intriguing features[1],especially optically,such as high nonlinear optical responses[2],broadband spectral response[3],and accessible exciton effects[4].Unlike conventional 2D materials with in-plane isotropy,such as graphene and M0S_(2),2D van der Waals materials with in-plane anisotropic possess in-plane low symmetry structure,inducing the in-plane anisotropic physical properties.Meanwhile,they can be easily moved to various substrates without lattice-matching problems.展开更多
Conventional wisdom says that nonpolar structures do not favorably produce strong second-harmonic generation(SHG)responses since the polarization in their microscopic functional groups are counteracted.Herein,we repor...Conventional wisdom says that nonpolar structures do not favorably produce strong second-harmonic generation(SHG)responses since the polarization in their microscopic functional groups are counteracted.Herein,we report the first nonlinear optical thiosulfate,Na_(10)Cd(NO_(3))_(4)(SO_(3)S)_(4),which crystallizes in a nonpolar space group of P−4.However,this thiosulfate exhibits a strong SHG response of about 4.2 times that of the benchmark KH2PO4,which is larger than those of polar sulfates.According to first-principles calculations and a flexible dipole model,the SHG enhancement is mainly ascribed to the larger flexibility of the S=S bond in the SO_(3)S tetrahedra in comparison with the S–O bond in the SO4 tetrahedra.These findings indicate that constructing flexible bonds is an effective strategy to design highperformance nonlinear optical materials regardless of polarity.展开更多
Nonlinear optical(NLO)switchable materials have attracted intense attention because of their promising applications in optoelectronic devices.However,previous studies are mainly limited to molecular-based compounds th...Nonlinear optical(NLO)switchable materials have attracted intense attention because of their promising applications in optoelectronic devices.However,previous studies are mainly limited to molecular-based compounds that usually exhibit narrow bandgaps.Here,we report all-inorganic Li_(9)Na_(3)Rb_(2)(SO_(4))_(7) as an ultrawide-bandgap NLO switchable material.展开更多
As structural variants of famous hexagonal tungsten bronzes,hexagonal tungsten oxides(HTO)represent an important family with fascinating functional properties,such as piezoelectric,ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and nonli...As structural variants of famous hexagonal tungsten bronzes,hexagonal tungsten oxides(HTO)represent an important family with fascinating functional properties,such as piezoelectric,ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties.However,none of them are transparent in the deep-UV spectral region,which limits their applications.Herein,we report the first HTO-type monofluorophosphate K_(3)Sc_(3)(PO_(4))(PO_(3)F)_(2)F_(5)(I)with deep-UV transparency.Such a monofluorophosphate is NLO-active with a phase-matchable powder second harmonic generation efficiency of 0.9 times that of KH_(2)PO_(4)at 1,064 nm.Importantly,the UV-Vis reflectance spectrum indicates that it is deep-UV transparent down to 200 nm.This work pushes the transparent window of NLO materials with HTO-type structures down to the deep-UV spectral region for the first time and opens up a new door for HTO materials.展开更多
Two fluoride sulfates,K_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·4H_(2)O(Ⅰ) and Rb_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·2H_(2)O (Ⅱ) are obtained by water solution method.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that th...Two fluoride sulfates,K_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·4H_(2)O(Ⅰ) and Rb_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·2H_(2)O (Ⅱ) are obtained by water solution method.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that they crystallize in space groups of Cmc2_(1.)Their structures feature a pseudo-KTP structure consisting of interconnecting[Mn_(3)(SO_(4))3F_(2)(H_(2)O)2]_(∞) layers,which are further packing along the a axis with alkali metal cations balancing the charges.The structure relationships between the two compounds are discussed.Secondharmonic generation measurements manifest that Ⅰ and Ⅱ have similar second-harmonic generation responses of about 0.2 and 0.25 times that of KH_(2)PO_(4).展开更多
基金This work was financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122507,21833010,61975207,22193042,and 21921001)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J02012)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y202069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)as well as Fujian Institute of Innovation(FJCXY18010201)in the Chinese Academy of Sciences.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122507,21833010,61975207 and 21921001)the Youth Innovation Promotion of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y202069)+1 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)Fujian Institute of Innovation(FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciences。
文摘High-performance bi-functional materials are in urgent demand for the next-generation integrated optical devices.In this work,we successfully synthesized the first tricyanomelaminate with bi-functional optical responses,namely Cs_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•H_(2)O(I),from its analogue Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O by a facile ion exchange method.In contrast to Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O,I realizes an optimal arrangement of𝜋π-conjugated(C_(6)N_(9))3−anion groups in its crystal structure.As a result,the second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)response is greatly enhanced from nearly zero of Na_(3)C_(6)N_(9)•3H_(2)O to∼9.8×KH_(2)PO_(4)of I.Furthermore,I exhibits a giant linear optical anisotropic response(i.e.birefringence)of 0.52 at the wavelength of 550 nm.Both responses are almost the largest among the inorganic compounds ofπ-conjugated rings,which indicates that I has great potential as a bi-functional optical crystal.Structural and theoretical analyses reveal the microscopic origin of excellent optical properties.This work would attract a lot of interest to the persistently neglected potential of tricyanomelaminates as linear optical and NLO crystals.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122507,22193042,21833010,61975207,and 21921001)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J02012)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y202069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)Fujian Institute of Innovation(FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘Deep-ultraviolet(deep-UV)nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are of current interest because they play an indis-pensable role in modern scientific equipment.Searching these crystals was traditionally limited toπ-conjugated systems,such as borates and carbonates.In 2019,our group reported two non-π-conjugated sulfates as new sources of deep-UV NLO crystals for the first time.In this mini review,we provide a comprehensive overview of the recent development of non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge in aspect of synthesis methods,crystal structures,thermal stability,and optical performance.Besides,we conclude the crucial structure-property relationships,and further give some prospects for exploring non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge with high thermal stability,enhanced second-order NLO effects,birefringence,etc.We believe that this mini review will not only facilitate researchers to design superior non-π-conjugated NLO sulfates with deep-UV absorption edge but also shed useful insights on the explorations of other non-π-conjugated deep-UV NLO crystal systems.
基金the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.22122507,22193042,21833010,61975207,and 21921001)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(Grant No.2022J02012)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No,Y202069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Grant No.ZDBS-LY-SLH024)Fujian Institute of Innovation(Grant No.FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘In spite of decades of great efforts,it is still very challenging to realize accurate design and synthesis of second-order nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals.KBe_(2)BO_(3)F_(2)(KBBF)is the sole NLO material that can output deep-ultraviolet light by direct second-harmonic generation process,so it is an ideal choice to use KBBF as the structural template to design environment-friendly candidates with better growth habit based on the reported compounds.In this review,we will elaborate the accurate design and synthesis of high-performance NLO ma-terials from the perspective of microscopic crystal structure based on KBBF,hoping to provide deep understanding on how to rationally design and synthesize targeted compounds efficiently and quickly.In addition,according to multiple requirements on ultraviolet NLO crystals,including second-harmonic generation,cut-off edge,and birefringence,we propose a new concept so-called quality factor to comprehensively evaluate the overall per-formance of new ultraviolet NLO materials.This concept would help to directly and readily evaluate the ability of an ultraviolet NLO material to achieve practical NLO output.
文摘Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals are core materials in laser frequency-conversion technique,and the requirement on the laser wavelength varies from one application to another.Now,the commercial NLO crystals,e.g.,KDP,LBO,BBO,KTP,AgGaS_(2),ZnGeP_(2),et al.,have prevailed in ultraviolet(UV)/visible and near-/mid-infrared region for decades.
文摘Nonlinear optical(NLO)crystals can efficiently convert the frequency of common solid-state laser with fixed or limited wavelengths.Since the first observation of second-harmonic generation(SHG)phenomenon in the early 1960s,they have played an increasing role in the fields of laser spectra,precision measurements,and quantum information,as well as industrial laser processing,and so on.However,it is still challenging to rationally design and synthesize new NLO crystals.
基金the financial support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China(22122507,22193042,21833010,61975207,and 21921001)the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2022J02012)+2 种基金the Youth Innovation Promotion Association of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(Y202069)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)Fujian Institute of Innovation(FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciences.
文摘1.Text 2D van der Waals materials possess intriguing features[1],especially optically,such as high nonlinear optical responses[2],broadband spectral response[3],and accessible exciton effects[4].Unlike conventional 2D materials with in-plane isotropy,such as graphene and M0S_(2),2D van der Waals materials with in-plane anisotropic possess in-plane low symmetry structure,inducing the in-plane anisotropic physical properties.Meanwhile,they can be easily moved to various substrates without lattice-matching problems.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(nos.21833010,61975207,21921001,21971238,51872297,and 51890864)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(no.ZDBS-LY-SLH024)+3 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(nos.XDB20010200 and XDB20000000)Fujian Institute of Innovation(no.FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciences,the National Key Research and Development Program of China(no.2019YFA0210400)Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Tech-nology,TIPC,CAS(no.FCLT 202003)as well as Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal&Materials,Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices(no.20KF-11).
文摘Conventional wisdom says that nonpolar structures do not favorably produce strong second-harmonic generation(SHG)responses since the polarization in their microscopic functional groups are counteracted.Herein,we report the first nonlinear optical thiosulfate,Na_(10)Cd(NO_(3))_(4)(SO_(3)S)_(4),which crystallizes in a nonpolar space group of P−4.However,this thiosulfate exhibits a strong SHG response of about 4.2 times that of the benchmark KH2PO4,which is larger than those of polar sulfates.According to first-principles calculations and a flexible dipole model,the SHG enhancement is mainly ascribed to the larger flexibility of the S=S bond in the SO_(3)S tetrahedra in comparison with the S–O bond in the SO4 tetrahedra.These findings indicate that constructing flexible bonds is an effective strategy to design highperformance nonlinear optical materials regardless of polarity.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China(21833010,61975207,21622101,21921001,21525104,and 51662013)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB20000000 and XDB20010200)+5 种基金the Natural Science Foundation of Fujian Province(2018H0047)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LY-SLH024)the Natural Science Foundation of Guangxi Province(2018GXNSFDA281015)the National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0210400)Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology,TIPC,CAS(FCLT 202003)Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal&Materials,Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices(20KF-11).
文摘Nonlinear optical(NLO)switchable materials have attracted intense attention because of their promising applications in optoelectronic devices.However,previous studies are mainly limited to molecular-based compounds that usually exhibit narrow bandgaps.Here,we report all-inorganic Li_(9)Na_(3)Rb_(2)(SO_(4))_(7) as an ultrawide-bandgap NLO switchable material.
基金supported by the NSFC(21833010,61975207,21921001,21971238,51872297,and 51890864)Youth Innovation Promotion of CAS(202069)+6 种基金the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(ZDBS-LYSLH024)the Strategic Priority Research Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB20010200 and XDB20000000)Fujian Institute of Innovation(FJCXY18010201)in Chinese Academy of Sciencesthe National Key Research and Development Program of China(2019YFA0210400)Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology,TIPC,CAS(FCLT 202003)Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal&Materials,Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices(20KF-11)Startup Project of Doctor Scientific Research of Jiangxi Normal University(12021319)。
文摘As structural variants of famous hexagonal tungsten bronzes,hexagonal tungsten oxides(HTO)represent an important family with fascinating functional properties,such as piezoelectric,ferroelectric,pyroelectric,and nonlinear optical(NLO)properties.However,none of them are transparent in the deep-UV spectral region,which limits their applications.Herein,we report the first HTO-type monofluorophosphate K_(3)Sc_(3)(PO_(4))(PO_(3)F)_(2)F_(5)(I)with deep-UV transparency.Such a monofluorophosphate is NLO-active with a phase-matchable powder second harmonic generation efficiency of 0.9 times that of KH_(2)PO_(4)at 1,064 nm.Importantly,the UV-Vis reflectance spectrum indicates that it is deep-UV transparent down to 200 nm.This work pushes the transparent window of NLO materials with HTO-type structures down to the deep-UV spectral region for the first time and opens up a new door for HTO materials.
基金financially supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.21833010,21525104,21971238,61975207,21921001)the Key Research Program of Frontier Sciences of the Chinese Academy of Sciences(No.ZDBS-LYSLH024)+1 种基金Key Laboratory of Functional Crystals and Laser Technology,TIPC,CAS(No.FCLT 202003)Key Laboratory of New Processing Technology for Nonferrous Metal&Materials,Ministry of Education/Guangxi Key Laboratory of Optical and Electronic Materials and Devices(No.20KF-11)。
文摘Two fluoride sulfates,K_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·4H_(2)O(Ⅰ) and Rb_(2)Mn_(3)(SO_(4))_(3)F_(2)·2H_(2)O (Ⅱ) are obtained by water solution method.Single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis indicated that they crystallize in space groups of Cmc2_(1.)Their structures feature a pseudo-KTP structure consisting of interconnecting[Mn_(3)(SO_(4))3F_(2)(H_(2)O)2]_(∞) layers,which are further packing along the a axis with alkali metal cations balancing the charges.The structure relationships between the two compounds are discussed.Secondharmonic generation measurements manifest that Ⅰ and Ⅱ have similar second-harmonic generation responses of about 0.2 and 0.25 times that of KH_(2)PO_(4).