First contact investigations and compliance to treatment in patients with uveitis

AIM:To ascertain the pattern of investigations at first contact in uveitic patients and evaluate compliance to treatment.METHODS:An observational study comprised of 201 uveitic patients presenting for the first time to our centre from January 2019 to June 2020.Detailed information regarding systemic investigations undertaken by specialists at the time of first contact and the cost of these investigations were reviewed on the first visit to our centre.Compliance with the treatment was determined and reasons behind non-compliance were evaluated on the first follow-up in patients who had no improvement in clinical signs and symptoms.RESULTS:The mean age of the study group was 35.35±14.1y and gender composition was 59.7%males and 40.3%females.Anterior uveitis was observed in 45.3%of patients,intermediate uveitis in 31.8%of patients,posterior uveitis in 14.9%of patients and panuveitis in 8.0%of patients.Association with a systemic disease was evident in 17.9%of patients.When compared with standard guidelines and uveitis patterns,systemic investigations were identified to be relevant only in 38.3%of patients.Non-compliance to treatment was documented in 22.4%of patients.Common reasons for non-compliance were inadequate counselling by the treating physician about treatment in 26.7%of patients and a busy schedule at work/school in 22.2%of patients.CONCLUSION:Significant number of investigations performed at first contact is found to be contrary to standard guidelines and are not contributory to the care.About a quarter of patients in this study are found to be non-compliant with the treatment.Compliance is more challenging to achieve in school-going children and working adults.The availability of comprehensive,periodically updated,evidence-based guidelines on the role of investigations and the use of trained counsellors may help to channelize proper evaluation and improve compliance to treatment,respectively,in patients with uveitis.

Genetic Diversity in Selected Indian Mungbean [<i>Vigna radiata</i>(L.) Wilczek] Cultivars Using RAPD Markers

Random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) markers were used to study the DNA polymorphism in Indian mungbean cultivars. A total of 60 random primers were used in the study and 33 of them generated reproducible RAPD patterns. Amplification of genomic DNA of most popular 24 Indian mungbean cultivars with these RAPD primers yielded 249 fragments that could be scored, of which 224 were polymorphic, with an average of 7.0 polymorphic fragments per primer. Number of amplified fragments with random primers ranged from 2 (OPI 9) to 17 (OPD 7). Percentage polymorphism ranged from 33% (OPX 5) to a maximum of 100% (OPX 4, OPX 6, OPX 13, OPX 15, OPX 19, OPD 5, OPD 7, OPD 20, OPI 4, OPI 6, OPI 13, OPI 14, OPI 18 and OPF 1), with an average of 90%. The Jaccard’s similarity indices based on RAPD profiles were subjected to UPGMA cluster analysis. And genotypes grouped in two major groups. Sixteen out of 24 released cultivars grouped to cluster I. This indicated the narrow genetic base in the Indian mungbean cultivars used in the study. The details of diversity analysis and possible reasons for narrow genetic base in mungbean cultivars are discussed in the present study.

An Existence Theorem of Solutions for the System of Generalized Vector Quasi-Variational-Like Inequalities

In this paper, we introduce and study the system of generalized vector quasi-variational-like inequalities in Hausdorff topological vector spaces, which include the system of vector quasi-variational-like inequalities, the system of vector variational-like inequalities, the system of vector quasi-variational inequalities, and several other systems as special cases. Moreover, a number of C-diagonal quasiconvexity properties are proposed for set-valued maps, which are natural generalizations of the g-diagonal quasiconvexity for real functions. Together with an application of continuous selection and fixed-point theorems, these conditions enable us to prove unified existence results of solutions for the system of generalized vector quasi-variational-like inequalities. The results of this paper can be seen as extensions and generalizations of several known results in the literature.

Model of Real Time Architecture for Data Placement in Wireless Sensor Networks

Wireless sensor network (WSN) technology has promised fine grain monitoring in time and space as well as at a lower cost than is currently possible. These sensor networks are required to provide a robust service in hostile environments. Therefore the issue of real-time and reliable data delivery is extremely important for taking effective decisions in WSN. In this paper the architecture for reliable and real time approach by using sensor clusters has been proposed for storage management. Instead of storing information in an individual cluster head as suggested in some approaches, storing of information of all clusters, inside the cell is recommended within the corresponding base station. For data dissemination and action we have used Action and Relay Stations (ARS). We have developed programming model for formal specification and verification of our architecture.

THAI experimental research on hydrogen risk and source term related safety systems

In the defense-in-depth concept employed for the safety of nuclear installations,maintaining integrity of containment as the last barrier is of high importance to limit the release of radioactivity to the environment in case of a severe accident.The active and passive safety systems implemented in containments of light water reactors(LWRs)are designed to limit the consequences of such accidents.Assessing the performance and reliability of such systems under accident conditions is critical to the safety of nuclear installations.In the aftermath of the Fukushima accident,there has been focus on re-examining the existing safety systems to demonstrate their capabilities for a broader range of boundary conditions comprising both the early as well as the late phases of an accident.In addition to the performance testing of safety systems,their interaction with containment atmosphere needs detailed investigations to evaluate the effects of operation of safety systems on H2 risk and fission product(FP)behavior in containment,which may ultimately have an impact on the source term to the environment.In this context,an extensive containment safety related experimental research has been conducted in a thermalhydraulics,hydrogen,aerosols,and iodine test facility(THAI,60 m3,single vessel)/(THAI+,80 m3,two interconnected vessels).Related to the subject of this paper,experimental investigations covered performance testing of various safety and mitigation systems,i.e.,containment spray,passive autocatalytic recombiner(PAR),pressure suppression pool(water pools),and effects of their operation on H2 risk and in-containment FP behavior.The experimental results have provided a better phenomenological understanding and database for validation and further improvement of a safety analysis tool based on computation fluid dynamic(CFD)and lumped parameter(LP)modeling approach.This paper summarizes the main insights obtained from the aforesaid THAI experimental research covering safety systems installed in containments of LWRs.The relevance of experimental outcomes for reactor safety purpose is also discussed.

Lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis

Rhinosporidiosis is caused by the organism Rhinosporidium seeberi.It is a rare aquatic protistan parasite.Though more prevalent in Asiatic regions,cases have also been reported in European countries.In India,it mostly affects the southern part.Rhinosporidium seeberi most commonly affects the mucous membranes,but can also affect other structures including the larynx,trachea,skin,genitalia,lungs and rectum.The typical presentation is that of a pinkish mass which bleeds profusely.Isolated lacrimal sac rhinosporidiosis is very rare.Computed tomography scans and magnetic resonance imaging are helpful in diagnosis,but histopathological study along with Gomori methenamine silver,periodic acid-Schiff,and potassium chloride are required for confirmation.Its mainstay of treatment is surgery.Prognosis is excellent,but recurrence is not unusual.

帮助贫困人口

在贫困国家，用于教育与卫生保健的支出能促进人力资本的发展，并帮助它们实现千年发展目标，不过政府必须敢于承担责任。