AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iri...AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress(CRS), and pylorus ligation(PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS: BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL(18.67%–66.26% protection), aspirin(24.65%–63.25% protection), CRS(20.77%–59.42% protection), and EtOH(16.93%–77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO(P < 0.01–0.001), SOD(P < 0.01–0.001), and an increase in CAT(P < 0.01–0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model. CONCLUSION: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.展开更多
As phase separation between the small-molecule semiconductor and the polymer binder is the key enabler of blend-based organic field-effect transistors(OFETs)fabricated by low-cost solution processing,it is crucial to ...As phase separation between the small-molecule semiconductor and the polymer binder is the key enabler of blend-based organic field-effect transistors(OFETs)fabricated by low-cost solution processing,it is crucial to understand the underlying phase separation mechanisms that determine the phase morphology,which significantly impacts device performance.Beyond the parameter space investigated in previous work,here we investigate the formation of blends by varying the branch architecture of the polymer binder and by shortening the solvent dry time using ultrasonic spray casting.The phase morphologies of the resulting blend films have been thoroughly characterized with a variety of techniques in three dimensions over multiple length scales,including AFM,energy-filtered transmission electron microscope,and neutron reflectivity,and have been correlated with electrical transport performance.From the results,we have inferred that the phase morphology is kinetically determined,limited by the inherent slow movement of polymer macromolecules.The kinetic picture,supported by molecular dynamics modeling,not only consistently explains our observations but also resolves inconsistencies in previous works.The achieved mechanistic understanding will guide further optimization of blend-based organic electronics,such as OFETs and organic photovoltaics.展开更多
文摘AIM: To study the gastroprotective effect and in vivo antioxidant potential of a standardized iridoid fraction from B. prionitis leaves(BPE) against different gastric ulcer models in rats. METHOD: The standardized iridoid fraction from BPE at 50, 100, and 200 mg/kg body weight was administered orally, twice daily for 5 days for prevention from aspirin, ethanol, cold-restraint stress(CRS), and pylorus ligation(PL)-induced ulcers. Estimation of the antioxidant enzyme activity was carried out in a CRS-induced ulcer model, and various gastric secretion parameters including volume of gastric juice, acid output, and pH value were estimated in the PL-induced ulcer model. RESULTS: BPE showed a dose-dependent ulcer protective effect in PL(18.67%–66.26% protection), aspirin(24.65%–63.25% protection), CRS(20.77%–59.42% protection), and EtOH(16.93%–77.04% protection)-induced ulcers. BPE treatment in PL-rats showed a decrease in acid-pepsin secretion, and enhanced mucin and mucosal glycoproteins. However, BPE reduced the ulcer index with significant decrease in LPO(P < 0.01–0.001), SOD(P < 0.01–0.001), and an increase in CAT(P < 0.01–0.001), activity in the CRS-induced model. CONCLUSION: The data shows that the iridoid fraction from BPE possesses anti-ulcerogenic and antioxidant potential.
文摘As phase separation between the small-molecule semiconductor and the polymer binder is the key enabler of blend-based organic field-effect transistors(OFETs)fabricated by low-cost solution processing,it is crucial to understand the underlying phase separation mechanisms that determine the phase morphology,which significantly impacts device performance.Beyond the parameter space investigated in previous work,here we investigate the formation of blends by varying the branch architecture of the polymer binder and by shortening the solvent dry time using ultrasonic spray casting.The phase morphologies of the resulting blend films have been thoroughly characterized with a variety of techniques in three dimensions over multiple length scales,including AFM,energy-filtered transmission electron microscope,and neutron reflectivity,and have been correlated with electrical transport performance.From the results,we have inferred that the phase morphology is kinetically determined,limited by the inherent slow movement of polymer macromolecules.The kinetic picture,supported by molecular dynamics modeling,not only consistently explains our observations but also resolves inconsistencies in previous works.The achieved mechanistic understanding will guide further optimization of blend-based organic electronics,such as OFETs and organic photovoltaics.
