Dissolved oxygen(DO)is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of including immune responses and intestinal bacterial community.However,the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic.To ...Dissolved oxygen(DO)is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of including immune responses and intestinal bacterial community.However,the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic.To address this question,the intestinal bacterial community compositions and the immune features of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)grown in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)were characterized.Fish were reared under different DO saturation levels,e.g.,200% saturation named high group(H),100%saturation named control group(CK),and 60%saturation named lower group(L).Large variations in the operational taxonomic units(OTUs)frequency distribution for the intestinal bacterial community of Atlantic salmon were observed.The intestinal bacterial community of all groups was dominated mainly by three phyla,e.g.,Proteobacteria.Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes.Interestingly,Acinetobacter baumannii,an opportunistic pathogen of salmon was increased significantly in L group.We further monitored the immunity features of fish under different DO levels.The results show that leucocyte number,cortisol level,the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like protein 2(NOD2)were higher at significant levels in the L group than those in the other two groups.TLR4 and NOD2 are usually related with the bacterial infections;therefore,it is reasonable to believe that the stronger immune responses observed in the L group might be related with the higher abundance of A.baumannii in the inte stine of Atlantic salmon.Overall,these findings demonstrated that low DO level may induce stronger immunity responses in Atlantic salmon.展开更多
基金Supported by the Shandong Province Key Research and Invention Program(No.2017CXGC010K)the China Agriculture Research System(No.CARS-47)+7 种基金the National Key Research and Development Program(No.2018YFD0901204)the National Infrastructure of Fishery Germplasm Resource(No.2019DKA30470)the Marine S&T Fund of Shandong Province for Pilot National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology(Qingdao)(No.2018SDKJ0502-2)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.31872606,31572657,U1701233,31402283,31802319)the Department of Agriculture and Rural Areas of Guangdong Province(No.KA1911101)the Natural Science Foundation of Shandong Province(No.ZR2018BC053)the Agricultural Application Technology Innovation Project of Shandong Province in 2018/2019(No.SD2019YY011)the Shandong Province Major Scientific and Technological Innovation Projects(No.2019JZZY020710)。
文摘Dissolved oxygen(DO)is one of most important factors which affect wide range physiologic features of including immune responses and intestinal bacterial community.However,the underlying mechanisms remain enigmatic.To address this question,the intestinal bacterial community compositions and the immune features of Atlantic salmon(Salmo salar)grown in recirculating aquaculture systems(RAS)were characterized.Fish were reared under different DO saturation levels,e.g.,200% saturation named high group(H),100%saturation named control group(CK),and 60%saturation named lower group(L).Large variations in the operational taxonomic units(OTUs)frequency distribution for the intestinal bacterial community of Atlantic salmon were observed.The intestinal bacterial community of all groups was dominated mainly by three phyla,e.g.,Proteobacteria.Firmicutes,and Bacteroidetes.Interestingly,Acinetobacter baumannii,an opportunistic pathogen of salmon was increased significantly in L group.We further monitored the immunity features of fish under different DO levels.The results show that leucocyte number,cortisol level,the expressions of interleukin-1β(IL-1β),Toll-like receptor 4(TLR4),and nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain like protein 2(NOD2)were higher at significant levels in the L group than those in the other two groups.TLR4 and NOD2 are usually related with the bacterial infections;therefore,it is reasonable to believe that the stronger immune responses observed in the L group might be related with the higher abundance of A.baumannii in the inte stine of Atlantic salmon.Overall,these findings demonstrated that low DO level may induce stronger immunity responses in Atlantic salmon.
基金supported by National Natural Science Fundation(31572657,31372563)Special Funds from the Administration of Ocean and Fisheries of Guangdong Province(A201512C003,2015-115)+2 种基金Special Fund for Science and Technology from Hubei Province(2015BBA228)Fund from Wuhan Science and Technology Bureau(2016020101010089)“Innovation and Strong Universities”Special Funds(KA170500G)from the Department of Education of Guangdong Province
文摘利用转录组技术对鰤诺卡氏菌(Nocardia seriolae)感染的乌鳢(Channa argus)进行分析与比较,以揭示可能的免疫机制,尤其在Toll样受体和Nod样受体的免疫反应.从乌鳢的头肾提取总RNA,采用Illumina Hi Seq TM2500进行测序和de novo转录组分析.乌鳢感染鰤诺卡氏菌后,对照组和试验组的clean reads分别是33 556 284(93.79%)和34 202 766(93.52%).利用Trinity软件对unigenes进行注释,从133 999条unigenes里,一共106319条unigenes得到注释,占79.34%;NR(NCBI non-redundant protein database)注释54 886(40.97%)条unigenes;39 795(29.69%)的Swiss-Prot注释;5 885(4.39%)条unigenes被KEGG(Kyoto encyclopedia of genes and genomes)注释到335条通路;5 753(4.29%)被注释到GO(Gene ontology)里.3 912条unigenes表达差异,其中1552条表达上调(39.67%)和2 360条表达下调(60.33%).Toll样受体和Nod样受体的免疫信号通路分别有28和13条差别表达基因发现有调制,12和3个上调,11和6个下调,5和4个unigenes没有显著的变化.经过转录组测序分析显示,乌鳢感染鰤诺卡氏菌后的转录复杂程度高,导致感染个体重诱导表达的基因产品的验证发现,尤其在非特异性免疫系统方面.
