Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiologic...Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(INM)technique and to decrease the risk of postoperative neurological deficits in the management of these schwannomas.Materials and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 92 cases of peripheral nerve microsurgery performed,using the INM technique.We also made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas into two types according to operative findings and proceeded corresponding surgical strategies.Results:All tumors were removed completely under microscopy and INM.Three patients developed residual neurological deficits at final follow-up.There were different results about temporary(18/92,19.6%)and permanent(3/92,3.3%)neurological deficits.The incidence of temporary and permanent neurological deficits in type II group was significantly higher than that in type I group(p<0.01).The incidence of permanent neurological deficits in larger size tumors was significantly higher than that of smaller size(p<0.01).Conclusions:We made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas according to operative findings based on INM that is helpful to our surgical strategies.Intracapsular enucleation was the preferred strategy with satisfactory results and low risk of nerve injury.The size and location of tumors seem to be related to the risk of fascicular injury.展开更多
Since perovskite solar cells appeared in 2009, its simple preparation process, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and the characteristic of low cost in preparation process let it become the hot spot of both at-h...Since perovskite solar cells appeared in 2009, its simple preparation process, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and the characteristic of low cost in preparation process let it become the hot spot of both at-home and abroad. Owing to the constant efforts of scientists, the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is more than 20% now. Perovskite solar cells are mainly composed of conductive glass, electron transport layer and hole transport layer, perovskite layer and electrode parts. This paper will briefly introduce the working principle and working pro- cess about the electron transport layer of perovskite solar cells. The paper focuses on aspects such as material types (e.g., inorganic electron transport materials, organic small molecule electron transport materials, surface modified electron transport materials and doped electron transport materials), preparation technology of electron transport layer, the effects of electron transport layer on the photo- voltaic performance of the devices, and the electron transport layer in the future research.展开更多
Aluminum and sulfur,as abundant elements in earth,only form Al_(2)S_(3) in nature at ambient pressure.It has been realized that the stoichiometry of compounds may change under high pressure,which is crucial in the dis...Aluminum and sulfur,as abundant elements in earth,only form Al_(2)S_(3) in nature at ambient pressure.It has been realized that the stoichiometry of compounds may change under high pressure,which is crucial in the discovery of novel materials.In this work,we systematically perform structure search for Al-S system under pressure.展开更多
基金This work was supported by the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LY14H160025)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(81402044)the Natural Science Foundation of Zhejiang Province of China(LY14H160017).
文摘Objective:To present our classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas as well as explore the surgical strategies and operative management of peripheral nerve schwannomas based on the intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring(INM)technique and to decrease the risk of postoperative neurological deficits in the management of these schwannomas.Materials and methods:A retrospective study was conducted on 92 cases of peripheral nerve microsurgery performed,using the INM technique.We also made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas into two types according to operative findings and proceeded corresponding surgical strategies.Results:All tumors were removed completely under microscopy and INM.Three patients developed residual neurological deficits at final follow-up.There were different results about temporary(18/92,19.6%)and permanent(3/92,3.3%)neurological deficits.The incidence of temporary and permanent neurological deficits in type II group was significantly higher than that in type I group(p<0.01).The incidence of permanent neurological deficits in larger size tumors was significantly higher than that of smaller size(p<0.01).Conclusions:We made the classification for peripheral nerve schwannomas according to operative findings based on INM that is helpful to our surgical strategies.Intracapsular enucleation was the preferred strategy with satisfactory results and low risk of nerve injury.The size and location of tumors seem to be related to the risk of fascicular injury.
基金financially supported by the Priority Academic Program Development of Jiangsu Higher Education Institutions(No.SZBF201437)A Funding of Jiangsu Innovation Program for Graduate Education(No.SJLX16_0429)
文摘Since perovskite solar cells appeared in 2009, its simple preparation process, high photoelectric conversion efficiency and the characteristic of low cost in preparation process let it become the hot spot of both at-home and abroad. Owing to the constant efforts of scientists, the conversion efficiency of perovskite solar cells is more than 20% now. Perovskite solar cells are mainly composed of conductive glass, electron transport layer and hole transport layer, perovskite layer and electrode parts. This paper will briefly introduce the working principle and working pro- cess about the electron transport layer of perovskite solar cells. The paper focuses on aspects such as material types (e.g., inorganic electron transport materials, organic small molecule electron transport materials, surface modified electron transport materials and doped electron transport materials), preparation technology of electron transport layer, the effects of electron transport layer on the photo- voltaic performance of the devices, and the electron transport layer in the future research.
基金The authors would like to acknowledge funding support received from the National Key Research and Development Program of China under Grant Nos.2016YFB0201200,2016YFB0201201,and 2016YFB0201204the National Natural Science Foundation of China under Grant Nos.11822404,11974134,11774127,and 11534003+1 种基金the Program for JLU Science and Technology Innovative Research Team(JLUSTIRT)the Science Challenge Project No.TZ2016001.
文摘Aluminum and sulfur,as abundant elements in earth,only form Al_(2)S_(3) in nature at ambient pressure.It has been realized that the stoichiometry of compounds may change under high pressure,which is crucial in the discovery of novel materials.In this work,we systematically perform structure search for Al-S system under pressure.