AIM:To observe the effects of traditional anti-inflammatory medicine Lonicerae Flos (LF) on rat reflux esophagitis (RE) induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation compared with the well-known proton antioxidant, α-t...AIM:To observe the effects of traditional anti-inflammatory medicine Lonicerae Flos (LF) on rat reflux esophagitis (RE) induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation compared with the well-known proton antioxidant, α-tocopherol.METHODS:Rats were pretreated with three different dosages of LF (500, 250 and 125 mg/kg) orally, once a day for 14 d before pylorus and forestomach ligation. Nine hours after pylorus and forestomach ligation, changes to the stomach and esophagus lesion areas, gastric volumes, acid and pepsin outputs, antioxidant effects, esophageal lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase and glutathione (GSH) levels, and collagen contents (marker of flexibility) were observed on the esophageal and fundic histopathology. The results were compared with an α-tocopherol (once orally, 1 h before operation, 30 mg/kg) treated group in which the effects on RE were already conf irmed.RESULTS: Pylorus and forestomach ligations caused marked increases of gross esophageal and gastric mucosa lesion areas, which corresponded with histopathological changes. In addition, increases of esophageal lipid peroxidation, decreases of SOD, CAT, and GSH-free radical scavengers, increases of collagen were observed. However, these pylorus and forestomach ligation induced RE were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg of LF extract, mediated by antioxidant effects. RE at 250 mg/kg showed similar effects α-tocopherol.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that antioxidant effects of LF could attenuate the severity of RE and prevent the esophageal mucosal damage, and validate its therapeutic use in esophageal reflux disease.展开更多
BACKGROUND Sulfasalazine has been used as a standard-of-care in ulcerative colitis for decades,however,it results in severe adverse symptoms,such as hepatotoxicity,blood disorders,male infertility,and hypospermia.Acco...BACKGROUND Sulfasalazine has been used as a standard-of-care in ulcerative colitis for decades,however,it results in severe adverse symptoms,such as hepatotoxicity,blood disorders,male infertility,and hypospermia.Accordingly,the new treatment strategy has to enhance pharmacological efficacy and stimultaneously minimize side effects.AIM To compare the anti-inflammatory action of sulfasalazine alone or in combination with herbal medicine for ulcerative colitis in a dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.METHODS To induce ulcerative colitis,mice received 5%DSS in drinking water for 7 d.Animals were divided into five groups(n=9 each)for use as normal(non-DSS),DSS controls,DSS+sulfasalazine(30 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals,DSS+sulfasalazine(60 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals,DSS+sulfasalazine(30 mg/kg)+Citrus unshiu peel and Bupleuri radix mixture(30 mg/kg)(SCPB)-treatment experimentals.RESULTS The SCPB treatment showed an outstanding effectiveness in counteracting the ulcerative colitis,as evidenced by reduction in body weight,improvement in crypt morphology,increase in antioxidant defenses,down-regulation of proinflammatory proteins and cytokines,and inhibition of proteins related to apoptosis.CONCLUSIONSCPB may represent a promising alternative therapeutic against ulcerative colitis,without inducing adverse effects.展开更多
AIM To evaluate the anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasimtang(BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis(CARE) using a rat model.METHODS A surgically-induced CARE model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats. The modeled...AIM To evaluate the anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasimtang(BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis(CARE) using a rat model.METHODS A surgically-induced CARE model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats. The modeled rats were divided into a treatment group or untreated group, and given BHSST(1 g/kg body weight per day) or water, respectively, for 15 consecutive days(n = 7 each group). Changes in expression of proteins related to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) oxidase and apoptosis were assessed by western blotting. Changes in esophageal pathology were analyzed by gross and histological examinations.RESULTS The CARE exposure modeled rats showed increased levels of the NADPH oxidase subunit, NOX4 and p47 phox in the esophagus. The BHSST treatment completely resolved these CARE-related increases. The CARE rats also showed markers of cytokine stress, including elevated levels of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species as well as of the consequent increase in JNK activation, and subsequent decrease in pro-survival gene expression, such as of Bcl-2. BHSST treatment resolved the CARE-related changes. BHSST also exerted an antiapoptotic effect, as evidenced by altered expression of the apoptosis-related genes for bax, cytochrome c,and caspase 3. Finally, the BHSST treatment markedly ameliorated the CARE-related esophageal mucosal ulcerations. CONCLUSION In the rat model of CARE, BHSST can suppress development of esophageal mucosal ulceration via regulation of reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis.展开更多
The fermentation of natural plants has a favorable effect on the functional and biological activities of living systems. These include anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet aggregation activities. This ...The fermentation of natural plants has a favorable effect on the functional and biological activities of living systems. These include anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet aggregation activities. This is attributed to the chemical conversion of the parent plants to functional constituents, which show more potent biological activity. In our study, rice bran along with oriental medicinal plants (Angelicae gigantis, Cnidium officinale, Artemisia princeps, and Camellia sinensis) was fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Pichia deserticola (FRBE). We evaluated the effects of oral administration of FRBE on atopic dermatitis in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice. FRBE significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of skin lesions in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis and reduced levels of serum immunoglobulin E and the differential white blood cell count. In addition, it reduced skin thickness compared to that of atopic dermatitis-affected skin. FRBE treatment also reduced mast cell incorporation in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis. The total cell number in dorsal skin tissue and the axillary lymph node increased following DNCB application, and this was normalized by FRBE treatment. Moreover, it decreased the levels ofCD8+ helper T cells and Gr-1 +/CD1 lb+ B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin lesions in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, we demonstrated that FRBE significantly inhibited mRNA expression of cytokines (e.g., interleukin-5 and interleukin-13) and cyclooxygenase-2 in AD skin lesions. These results suggest that FRBE could be a valuable herbal remedy for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.展开更多
文摘AIM:To observe the effects of traditional anti-inflammatory medicine Lonicerae Flos (LF) on rat reflux esophagitis (RE) induced by pylorus and forestomach ligation compared with the well-known proton antioxidant, α-tocopherol.METHODS:Rats were pretreated with three different dosages of LF (500, 250 and 125 mg/kg) orally, once a day for 14 d before pylorus and forestomach ligation. Nine hours after pylorus and forestomach ligation, changes to the stomach and esophagus lesion areas, gastric volumes, acid and pepsin outputs, antioxidant effects, esophageal lipid peroxidation, superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), malondialdehyde (MDA), myeloperoxidase and glutathione (GSH) levels, and collagen contents (marker of flexibility) were observed on the esophageal and fundic histopathology. The results were compared with an α-tocopherol (once orally, 1 h before operation, 30 mg/kg) treated group in which the effects on RE were already conf irmed.RESULTS: Pylorus and forestomach ligations caused marked increases of gross esophageal and gastric mucosa lesion areas, which corresponded with histopathological changes. In addition, increases of esophageal lipid peroxidation, decreases of SOD, CAT, and GSH-free radical scavengers, increases of collagen were observed. However, these pylorus and forestomach ligation induced RE were dose-dependently inhibited by treatment of 500, 250 and 125 mg/kg of LF extract, mediated by antioxidant effects. RE at 250 mg/kg showed similar effects α-tocopherol.CONCLUSION: The results suggest that antioxidant effects of LF could attenuate the severity of RE and prevent the esophageal mucosal damage, and validate its therapeutic use in esophageal reflux disease.
基金Traditional Korean Medicine R&D Program funded by the Ministry of Health&Welfare through the Korea Health Industry Development Institute(KHIDI),No.HI15C00255and National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)funded by the Korean government(MSIP),No.2018R1A5A2025272.
文摘BACKGROUND Sulfasalazine has been used as a standard-of-care in ulcerative colitis for decades,however,it results in severe adverse symptoms,such as hepatotoxicity,blood disorders,male infertility,and hypospermia.Accordingly,the new treatment strategy has to enhance pharmacological efficacy and stimultaneously minimize side effects.AIM To compare the anti-inflammatory action of sulfasalazine alone or in combination with herbal medicine for ulcerative colitis in a dextran sodium sulfate(DSS)-induced colitis mouse model.METHODS To induce ulcerative colitis,mice received 5%DSS in drinking water for 7 d.Animals were divided into five groups(n=9 each)for use as normal(non-DSS),DSS controls,DSS+sulfasalazine(30 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals,DSS+sulfasalazine(60 mg/kg)-treatment experimentals,DSS+sulfasalazine(30 mg/kg)+Citrus unshiu peel and Bupleuri radix mixture(30 mg/kg)(SCPB)-treatment experimentals.RESULTS The SCPB treatment showed an outstanding effectiveness in counteracting the ulcerative colitis,as evidenced by reduction in body weight,improvement in crypt morphology,increase in antioxidant defenses,down-regulation of proinflammatory proteins and cytokines,and inhibition of proteins related to apoptosis.CONCLUSIONSCPB may represent a promising alternative therapeutic against ulcerative colitis,without inducing adverse effects.
基金Supported by National Research Foundation of South KoreaKorean Government(MSIP)No.2017R1A2B2006858
文摘AIM To evaluate the anti-apoptotic effect of banhasasimtang(BHSST) on chronic acid reflux esophagitis(CARE) using a rat model.METHODS A surgically-induced CARE model was established in Sprague-Dawley rats. The modeled rats were divided into a treatment group or untreated group, and given BHSST(1 g/kg body weight per day) or water, respectively, for 15 consecutive days(n = 7 each group). Changes in expression of proteins related to nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate(NADPH) oxidase and apoptosis were assessed by western blotting. Changes in esophageal pathology were analyzed by gross and histological examinations.RESULTS The CARE exposure modeled rats showed increased levels of the NADPH oxidase subunit, NOX4 and p47 phox in the esophagus. The BHSST treatment completely resolved these CARE-related increases. The CARE rats also showed markers of cytokine stress, including elevated levels of TNF-α and reactive oxygen species as well as of the consequent increase in JNK activation, and subsequent decrease in pro-survival gene expression, such as of Bcl-2. BHSST treatment resolved the CARE-related changes. BHSST also exerted an antiapoptotic effect, as evidenced by altered expression of the apoptosis-related genes for bax, cytochrome c,and caspase 3. Finally, the BHSST treatment markedly ameliorated the CARE-related esophageal mucosal ulcerations. CONCLUSION In the rat model of CARE, BHSST can suppress development of esophageal mucosal ulceration via regulation of reactive oxygen species-dependent apoptosis.
文摘The fermentation of natural plants has a favorable effect on the functional and biological activities of living systems. These include anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, and anti-platelet aggregation activities. This is attributed to the chemical conversion of the parent plants to functional constituents, which show more potent biological activity. In our study, rice bran along with oriental medicinal plants (Angelicae gigantis, Cnidium officinale, Artemisia princeps, and Camellia sinensis) was fermented by Lactobacillus rhamnosus and Pichia deserticola (FRBE). We evaluated the effects of oral administration of FRBE on atopic dermatitis in 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (DNCB)-treated NC/Nga mice. FRBE significantly ameliorated the macroscopic and microscopic appearance of skin lesions in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis and reduced levels of serum immunoglobulin E and the differential white blood cell count. In addition, it reduced skin thickness compared to that of atopic dermatitis-affected skin. FRBE treatment also reduced mast cell incorporation in skin lesions of atopic dermatitis. The total cell number in dorsal skin tissue and the axillary lymph node increased following DNCB application, and this was normalized by FRBE treatment. Moreover, it decreased the levels ofCD8+ helper T cells and Gr-1 +/CD1 lb+ B cells in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and skin lesions in DNCB-induced atopic dermatitis. Using real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, we demonstrated that FRBE significantly inhibited mRNA expression of cytokines (e.g., interleukin-5 and interleukin-13) and cyclooxygenase-2 in AD skin lesions. These results suggest that FRBE could be a valuable herbal remedy for the treatment of atopic dermatitis.