Effect of honey on bacterial translocation and intestinal morphology in obstructive jaundice

AIM:To evaluate the effects of honey on bacterial translocation and intestinal villus histopathology in experimental obstructive jaundice.METHODS:Thirty Wistar-Albino rats were randomly divided into three groups each including 10 animals:group Ⅰ,sham-operated;group Ⅱ,ligation and section of the common bile duct(BDL);group Ⅲ,bile duct ligation followed by oral supplementation of honey(BDL+honey) 10 g/kg per day.Liver,blood,spleen,mesenteric lymph nodes,and ileal samples were taken for microbiological,light and transmission electrone microscopic examination.RESULTS:Although the number of villi per centimeter and the height of the mucosa were higher in sham group,there was no statistically significant difference between sham and BDL + honey groups(P>0.05).On the other hand,there was a statistically significant difference between BDL group and other groups(P<0.05).The electron microscopic changes werealso different between these groups.Sham and honey groups had similar incidence of bacterial translocation(P>0.05).BDL group had significantly higher rates of bacterial translocation as compared with sham and honey groups.Bacterial translocation was predominantly detected in mesenteric lymph nodes.CONCLUSION:Supplementation of honey in presence of obstructive jaundice ameliorates bacterial translocation and improves ileal morphology.

Effects of honey as a scolicidal agent on the hepatobiliary system

AIM： To examine the effects of 10% diluted honey, which has been shown to be scolicidal, on the liver and biliary system and determine whether it could be used as a scolicidal agent in the presence of biliary-cystic communication. METHODS： Thirty Wistar-Albino rats were divided into two groups. Honey with 10% dilution in the study group and 0.9% saline （NaCI） in the control group were injected into the common bile ducts of rats through a 3-mm duodenotomy. The animals were sacrificed 6 mo alter the procedure. Histopathological, biochemical, and radiological examinations were performed for evaluation of side effects. RESULTS： At the end of the sixth month, liver function tests were found to be normal in both groups. The tissue samples of liver and ductus choledochus of the honey group showed no histomorphologic difference from the control group. No stricture on the biliary tree was detected on the retrograde cholangiograms. CONCLUSION： According to these results, we concluded that 10% diluted honey could be used as scolicidal agent safely in the presence of biliary-cystic communication.

Propolis reduces bacterial translocation and intestinal villus atrophy in experimental obstructive jaundice

AIM： To investigate the effects of propolis on bacterial translocation and ultrastructure of intestinal morphology in experimental obstructive jaundice. METHODS： Thirty Wistar-Albino male rats were randomly divided into three groups, each including 10 animals： group Ⅰ, sham-operated; group Ⅱ, ligation and division of the common bile duct （BDL）; group Ⅲ, BDL followed by oral supplementation of propolis 100 mg/kg per day. Liver, blood, spleen, mesenteric lymph nodes, and ileal samples were taken for microbiological, light and transmission electron microscopic examination on postoperative 7^th d after sacrification. RESULTS： The mean number of villi per centimeter and mean mucosal height of the propolis group were significantly different in the BDL group （P = 0.001 and 0.012, respectively）. The electron microscopic changes were also different between these groups. Sham and BDL＋propolis groups had similar incidence of bacterial translocation （BT）. The BDL group had significantly higher rates of BT as compared with sham and BDL ＋ propolis groups. BT was predominantly detected in MLNs and the most commonly isolated bacteria was Escherichia coil CONCLUSION： Propolis showed a significant protective effect on ileal mucosa and reduced bacterial translocation in the experimental obstructive jaundice model. Further studies should be carried out to explain the mechanisms of these effects,