Purpose:Cancer cell metastasis is a multistep process,and the mechanism underlying extravasation remains unclear.ELK3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes,includ...Purpose:Cancer cell metastasis is a multistep process,and the mechanism underlying extravasation remains unclear.ELK3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes,including cancer metastasis.Based on the finding that ELK3 promotes the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),we investigated whether ELK3 regulates the extravasation of TNBC by forming the ELK3-ID4 axis.ID4 functions as a transcriptional regulator that interacts with other transcription factors,inhibiting their activity and subsequently influencing various biological processes associated with cell differentiation,survival,growth,and metastasis.Methods:We assessed the correlation between the expression of ELK3 and that of ID4 in TNBCs using bioinformatics analyses,QRT-PCR,western blot analysis,luciferase reporter assays,and chromatin immunoprecipitation.Migration,adhesion,invasion,and lung metastasis assays were employed to determine whether the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic features of TNBC.Results:We found that ELK3 binds directly to a binding motif close to the ID4 promoter to repress promoter activity.The expression of E-cadherin in TNBC was regulated by the ELK3-ID4 axis.In vitro and in vivo analyses showed that inhibiting ID4 expression in ELK3-knockdown MDA-MB-231(ELK3KD)cells restored the ability to extravasate and metastasize.Conclusion:The results indicate that the ELK3 regulates ID4 promoter activity,and that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic characteristics of TNBC cells.Additionally,the data suggest that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates metastasis of TNBCs by modulating expression of E-cadherin.展开更多
Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of...Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of management. Companies have been introduced the balanced scorecard to evaluate their management as part of improvement, while they suffer from many trials and errors. Many businesses still have difficulty in introducing balance scorecard concept in their process, but we suggest a method to successfully introduce the balance scorecard. This study aims to suggest a new performance measurement model reflecting relative importance of the key performance indicators for each factor. Our model is applied to several companies in real-world to validate the new model. Also, our study proposes a methodology for an adequate performance measurement using multiple attribute decision making.展开更多
Dear Editor,Plant tissue culture involves callus formation and de novo shoot regeneration.First,explants from differentiated tissues are used to generate a pluripotent cell mass,called callus,on auxin-rich callus-indu...Dear Editor,Plant tissue culture involves callus formation and de novo shoot regeneration.First,explants from differentiated tissues are used to generate a pluripotent cell mass,called callus,on auxin-rich callus-inducing medium(CIM),followed by shoot regeneration on cytokinin-rich shoot-inducing medium(SiM).Callus results from division of pericycle-like cells(Atta et al.,2009;Sugimoto et al.,2010);its cellular identity resembles that of lateral root primordia(Atta et al.,2009;Sugimoto et al.,2010).Callus acquires cellular pluripotency by forming root stem cell niches on CIM(Sugimoto et al.,2010)。展开更多
基金the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF)grant,funded by the Korea government(MSIT)(NRF-2022R1A2C1003390)the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea(NRF),funded by the Ministry of Education(2019R1A6A1A03032888).
文摘Purpose:Cancer cell metastasis is a multistep process,and the mechanism underlying extravasation remains unclear.ELK3 is a transcription factor that plays a crucial role in regulating various cellular processes,including cancer metastasis.Based on the finding that ELK3 promotes the metastasis of triple-negative breast cancer(TNBC),we investigated whether ELK3 regulates the extravasation of TNBC by forming the ELK3-ID4 axis.ID4 functions as a transcriptional regulator that interacts with other transcription factors,inhibiting their activity and subsequently influencing various biological processes associated with cell differentiation,survival,growth,and metastasis.Methods:We assessed the correlation between the expression of ELK3 and that of ID4 in TNBCs using bioinformatics analyses,QRT-PCR,western blot analysis,luciferase reporter assays,and chromatin immunoprecipitation.Migration,adhesion,invasion,and lung metastasis assays were employed to determine whether the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic features of TNBC.Results:We found that ELK3 binds directly to a binding motif close to the ID4 promoter to repress promoter activity.The expression of E-cadherin in TNBC was regulated by the ELK3-ID4 axis.In vitro and in vivo analyses showed that inhibiting ID4 expression in ELK3-knockdown MDA-MB-231(ELK3KD)cells restored the ability to extravasate and metastasize.Conclusion:The results indicate that the ELK3 regulates ID4 promoter activity,and that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates the metastatic characteristics of TNBC cells.Additionally,the data suggest that the ELK3-ID4 axis regulates metastasis of TNBCs by modulating expression of E-cadherin.
文摘Recently, most businesses have introduced a system for improving their responsibility to the customers in terms of job improvement. For example, small-quantity batch production increases cost but improve efficiency of management. Companies have been introduced the balanced scorecard to evaluate their management as part of improvement, while they suffer from many trials and errors. Many businesses still have difficulty in introducing balance scorecard concept in their process, but we suggest a method to successfully introduce the balance scorecard. This study aims to suggest a new performance measurement model reflecting relative importance of the key performance indicators for each factor. Our model is applied to several companies in real-world to validate the new model. Also, our study proposes a methodology for an adequate performance measurement using multiple attribute decision making.
基金Basic Science Research(NRF-2022R1A2 B5B02001266 to P.J.S.)the New breeding technologies development Program(PJ01653002 to P.J.S.)provided by the Rural Development Administration+1 种基金This work was also supported by Korea Basic Science Institute(C370000 to G.S.H)the Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology(KRIBB)Research Initiative Program(KGM 5282331 to S.W.K.).
文摘Dear Editor,Plant tissue culture involves callus formation and de novo shoot regeneration.First,explants from differentiated tissues are used to generate a pluripotent cell mass,called callus,on auxin-rich callus-inducing medium(CIM),followed by shoot regeneration on cytokinin-rich shoot-inducing medium(SiM).Callus results from division of pericycle-like cells(Atta et al.,2009;Sugimoto et al.,2010);its cellular identity resembles that of lateral root primordia(Atta et al.,2009;Sugimoto et al.,2010).Callus acquires cellular pluripotency by forming root stem cell niches on CIM(Sugimoto et al.,2010)。