Objective:To determine the bionomics and susceptibility status of the malarial vector Anopheles superpictus(An.superpictus)to different insecticides in the Sistan-Baluchestan province which has the highest malarial pr...Objective:To determine the bionomics and susceptibility status of the malarial vector Anopheles superpictus(An.superpictus)to different insecticides in the Sistan-Baluchestan province which has the highest malarial prevalence in Iran.Methods:Different sampling methods,in addition to scoring abdominal conditions,were used to define the seasonal activity and endo/exophilic behavior of this species.In addition,the standard WHO susceptibility tests were applied on adult field strains.Results:Most adult mosquitoes were collected from outdoor shelters.The peak of seasonal activity of An.superpictus occurred at the end of autumn.Most larvae were collected from natural and permanent breeding places with full sunlight and no vegetation.Blood feeding activities occurred around midnight.Compared with the abdominal conditions of adult mosquitoes collected indoors,the abdominal conditions of adult mosquitoes collected outdoors were gravid and seniigravid.This species was suspected to be resistant to DDT,but was susceptible to other insecticides.Conclusions:An.superpictus was present in almost all outdoor shelters,and the ratios of gravid,semigravid/unfed,and freshly fed confirmed that this species had a higher tendency to rest outdoors than indoors.This behavior can protect An.superpictus from indoor residual spraying in this malarious area.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the susceptibility status of An.superpictus in Southeastern Iran.We do not suggest the use of DDT for indoor residual spraying in southeast Iran.展开更多
The aim of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of Lawsonia inermis against Anopheles stephensi as the main malaria vector in Iran. This study was carried out from February to July 2011. Larvicidal acti...The aim of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of Lawsonia inermis against Anopheles stephensi as the main malaria vector in Iran. This study was carried out from February to July 2011. Larvicidal activity of >L. inermis was studied in the range of 4 - 4000 PPM in the laboratory against early and late stages of larvae of An. stephensi. The larvae were reared in the?insectarium. The LC50 and LC90 values of the larval stages of An. stephensi were calculated by probit analysis and regression line draw using Microsoft office excel 2003 software. The highest toxic effect of L. inermis was found at 4000 PPM and the lowest at 4 PPM against larval stages I and II. The same result was found against larval stages III and IV. The LC50 and LC90 was found as 413.8 and 3366.3 respectively against larval stages I and II while against late stages found as 696.9 and 3927.7 respectively. This study suggests that L. inermis extract can be used as an alternative larvicidal compound during the IPM programs for the An. stephensi control. It is recommended to investigate the competency of other similar plants to malaria control.展开更多
基金Supported by the Tehran University of Medical Sciences,with the grant number 91-03-27-18800
文摘Objective:To determine the bionomics and susceptibility status of the malarial vector Anopheles superpictus(An.superpictus)to different insecticides in the Sistan-Baluchestan province which has the highest malarial prevalence in Iran.Methods:Different sampling methods,in addition to scoring abdominal conditions,were used to define the seasonal activity and endo/exophilic behavior of this species.In addition,the standard WHO susceptibility tests were applied on adult field strains.Results:Most adult mosquitoes were collected from outdoor shelters.The peak of seasonal activity of An.superpictus occurred at the end of autumn.Most larvae were collected from natural and permanent breeding places with full sunlight and no vegetation.Blood feeding activities occurred around midnight.Compared with the abdominal conditions of adult mosquitoes collected indoors,the abdominal conditions of adult mosquitoes collected outdoors were gravid and seniigravid.This species was suspected to be resistant to DDT,but was susceptible to other insecticides.Conclusions:An.superpictus was present in almost all outdoor shelters,and the ratios of gravid,semigravid/unfed,and freshly fed confirmed that this species had a higher tendency to rest outdoors than indoors.This behavior can protect An.superpictus from indoor residual spraying in this malarious area.To the best of our knowledge,this is the first report on the susceptibility status of An.superpictus in Southeastern Iran.We do not suggest the use of DDT for indoor residual spraying in southeast Iran.
文摘The aim of this study was to determine the larvicidal activity of Lawsonia inermis against Anopheles stephensi as the main malaria vector in Iran. This study was carried out from February to July 2011. Larvicidal activity of >L. inermis was studied in the range of 4 - 4000 PPM in the laboratory against early and late stages of larvae of An. stephensi. The larvae were reared in the?insectarium. The LC50 and LC90 values of the larval stages of An. stephensi were calculated by probit analysis and regression line draw using Microsoft office excel 2003 software. The highest toxic effect of L. inermis was found at 4000 PPM and the lowest at 4 PPM against larval stages I and II. The same result was found against larval stages III and IV. The LC50 and LC90 was found as 413.8 and 3366.3 respectively against larval stages I and II while against late stages found as 696.9 and 3927.7 respectively. This study suggests that L. inermis extract can be used as an alternative larvicidal compound during the IPM programs for the An. stephensi control. It is recommended to investigate the competency of other similar plants to malaria control.
