Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided int...Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of the control,CoQ10(10 mg/kg/day),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg),high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg)plus CoQ10,and high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg)plus CoQ10.The drugs were administered via daily oral gavages for 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,sperm analysis,stereological and histological assessments of the testis were carried out.Results:The normal morphology(by 41.1%)and progressive spermatozoa(by 74.8%),testicle volume(by 33.4%),lumen volume(by 38.3%),interstitial tissue volume(by 44.7%),seminiferous tubule volume(by 40.7%),and number of spermatogonia(by 53.9%)and Leydig cells(by 70.7%)reduced in the rats that received high doses of Sunset Yellow in comparison to the control group.Nonetheless,all these alterations were recovered by CoQ10 treatment in the CoQ10 plus high dose of Sunset Yellow group.Furthermore,low doses of Sunset Yellow did not affect different parameters of the testis and sperm.Conclusions:CoQ10 could,to some extent,prevent structural changes of the testis induced by the high dose of SunsetYellow.展开更多
Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease and the most common female malignancy.In recent years,therapy approaches have evolved to accommodate molecular diversity,with a focus on more biologically based the...Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease and the most common female malignancy.In recent years,therapy approaches have evolved to accommodate molecular diversity,with a focus on more biologically based therapies to minimize negative consequences.To regulate cell fate in human breast cells,the Hippo signaling pathway has been associated with the alpha subtype of estrogen receptors.This pathway regulates tissue size,regeneration,and healing,as well as the survival of tissue-specific stem cells,proliferation,and apoptosis in a variety of organs,allowing for cell differentiation.Hippo signaling is mediated by the kinases MST1,MST2,LATS1,and LATS2,as well as the adaptor proteins SAV1 and MOB.These kinases phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway,yes-associated protein(YAP),and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ),suppressing the expression of their downstream target genes.The Hippo signaling pathway kinase cascade plays a significant role in all cancers.Understanding the principles of this kinase cascade would prevent the occurrence of breast cancer.In recent years,small noncoding RNAs,or microRNAs,have been implicated in the development of several malignancies,including breast cancer.The interconnections between miRNAs and Hippo signaling pathway core proteins in the breast,on the other hand,remain poorly understood.In this review,we focused on highlighting the Hippo signaling system,its key parts,its importance in breast cancer,and its regulation by miRNAs and other related pathways.展开更多
文摘Objective:To determine the protective effect of co-enzyme Q10(CoQ10)on testicular tissue and sperm parameters in male rats treated with SunsetYellow FCF.Methods:Sixty male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into 6 groups of the control,CoQ10(10 mg/kg/day),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg),high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg),low dose of Sunset Yellow(2.5 mg/kg)plus CoQ10,and high dose of Sunset Yellow(70 mg/kg)plus CoQ10.The drugs were administered via daily oral gavages for 6 weeks.At the end of the experiment,sperm analysis,stereological and histological assessments of the testis were carried out.Results:The normal morphology(by 41.1%)and progressive spermatozoa(by 74.8%),testicle volume(by 33.4%),lumen volume(by 38.3%),interstitial tissue volume(by 44.7%),seminiferous tubule volume(by 40.7%),and number of spermatogonia(by 53.9%)and Leydig cells(by 70.7%)reduced in the rats that received high doses of Sunset Yellow in comparison to the control group.Nonetheless,all these alterations were recovered by CoQ10 treatment in the CoQ10 plus high dose of Sunset Yellow group.Furthermore,low doses of Sunset Yellow did not affect different parameters of the testis and sperm.Conclusions:CoQ10 could,to some extent,prevent structural changes of the testis induced by the high dose of SunsetYellow.
文摘Breast cancer is a molecularly heterogeneous disease and the most common female malignancy.In recent years,therapy approaches have evolved to accommodate molecular diversity,with a focus on more biologically based therapies to minimize negative consequences.To regulate cell fate in human breast cells,the Hippo signaling pathway has been associated with the alpha subtype of estrogen receptors.This pathway regulates tissue size,regeneration,and healing,as well as the survival of tissue-specific stem cells,proliferation,and apoptosis in a variety of organs,allowing for cell differentiation.Hippo signaling is mediated by the kinases MST1,MST2,LATS1,and LATS2,as well as the adaptor proteins SAV1 and MOB.These kinases phosphorylate the downstream effectors of the Hippo pathway,yes-associated protein(YAP),and transcriptional coactivator with PDZ-binding motif(TAZ),suppressing the expression of their downstream target genes.The Hippo signaling pathway kinase cascade plays a significant role in all cancers.Understanding the principles of this kinase cascade would prevent the occurrence of breast cancer.In recent years,small noncoding RNAs,or microRNAs,have been implicated in the development of several malignancies,including breast cancer.The interconnections between miRNAs and Hippo signaling pathway core proteins in the breast,on the other hand,remain poorly understood.In this review,we focused on highlighting the Hippo signaling system,its key parts,its importance in breast cancer,and its regulation by miRNAs and other related pathways.
