Application of Seismic Attributes for Delineation of Channel Geometries and Analysis of Various Aspects in Terms of Lithological and Structural Perspectives of Lower Goru Formation, Pakistan

Miano area is one of the distinct major hydrocarbon producing fields of the Lower Indus basin. Lower Goru is the reservoir strait in this area. The aim of the present study is to exploit the channels reservoirs and other stratigraphic features in such a terrain where there is always a challenge for the geoscientist to search and exploit the channeled reservoirs. To resolve this issue we have utilized attribute analysis on high resolution 3D-seismic data for the detailed comparative studies for the channels. There are many astonishing features that are identified in the current study, which could not otherwise be easily enhanced with the help of 2D Seismic Data. Seismic attributes such as coherency, frequency (are also appropriate for lithological discrimination), which are sensitive to the channel edges are applied for the channel delineation and their geometrical analysis. Spectral decomposition techniques are also applied for the delineation of channels and to appropriately select the best band for channels identification. Three types of channel geometries are recognized: 1) highly sinuous channel;2) narrow-broad meandering belts;3) moderate to high sinuous channel. NW-SE, N-W trending faults can be helpful to compartmentalize the reservoir. Instantaneous and dominant frequency are more beneficial for further field development based on Gamma Ray logs from nearby drilled wells and dimensional perspectives analysis of the channel reservoir.

2-D Seismic Reflection Method Using Iso Velocity Method of Mianwali Area

A seismic reflection of Line 12-B belonging to Mianwali Re-entrant was acquired and processed for 2-D interpretation. The line orients itself NNE-SSW direction. The sections have the shot points from VP-199 to VP-1044. Eleven Reflectors R1, R2, R3, Base Miocene, Pinchout P1, P2, P3, P4, P5P6 (Pinchout) are marked and a basement has been marked and interpreted. All the reflectors above the basement show a downward bending at the center. The depth of each reflector was calculated by iso velocity contour map method. The depth section obtained by this method shows stratigraphic features like Pinchouts. The reflectors are then correlated with the subsurface structures and stratigraphy of the area.

Study of a Stratigraphic Trap of Paleocene/Late Cretaceous Age with the Help of Seismic Data in Sulaiman Foredeep and Kirthar Foredeep Area (Central &Southern Indus Basin, Pakistan)

The Research work comprises area of Punjab Platform, Sulaiman Foredeep and Eastern Part of Sulaiman Fold Belt (from east to west), which is further extended to Zamzama and Dadu area of Lower Indus Basin. Seismic data interpretation suggests a presence of a stratigraphic trap of Paleocene/Late Cretaceous age. It can act as a stratigraphic trap of reservoir quality for hydrocarbons. This feature is marked and discussed on various seismic sections. Sometimes it is difficult to locate this feature due to effect of folding, resulting from later compressions associated with a collision of Indian Plate. This structure could be explored for a hydrocarbon prospect in future. Such stratigraphic traps were not explored in the past.

Study of an Uplift of Sargodha High by Stratigraphical and Structural Interpretation of an East-West Seismic Profile in Central Indus Basin, Pakistan

Research Area comprises of Punjab Monocline, Sulaiman Foredeep and Eastern Part of Sulaiman Fold Belt (from east to west) in Central Indus Basin, Pakistan. Sargodha High is located in northeast of a Seismic Profile AB. Time and Depth models show the subsurface crustal variations near Sargodha High, which separates Upper Indus Basin from Central Indus Basin. The deposition of Pre-Cambrian sediments is uniform in area and Paleozoic sediments (Permian & Cambrian) are thinning in west. Mesozoic sediments (Cretaceous, Jurassic & Triassic) and younger sediments (Paleocene) are not deposited in this part suggesting an uplift of Sargodha High during Paleozoic time. An uneven distribution of Paleozoic rocks shows some thickness in east but erosion, thinning and almost truncation in west indicate their depocenter in east. This also represents a time of uplift of Sargodha High that shifts depocenter westward. Seismic data show a thick Mesozoic deposition in west, which onlaps on the Permo-Triassic unconformity suggesting an area of non-deposition. The gradual uplift of Sargodha high continues, which tilts the Mesozoic strata forming wedge shape geometry.