Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide...Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in Gentiana aristata, which is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that G. aristata is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters(West, East, Central, South and North). The West cluster has a specific morphological character(i.e., blue corolla) and higher values of FSTcompared to the remaining clusters, likely the result of the geological barrier formed by the Yangtze River. The West cluster diverged from the other clusters in the Early Pliocene;these remaining clusters diverged from one another in the Early Quaternary. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on SNPs and plastid data revealed substantial cyto-nuclear conflicts. Genetic clustering and D-statistics demonstrated rampant hybridization between the Central and North clusters,along the Bayankala Mountains, which form the geological barrier between the Central and North clusters. Species distribution modeling demonstrated the range of G. aristata expanded since the Last Interglacial period. Our findings provide genetic and morphological evidence of cryptic diversity in G. aristata, and identified rampant hybridization between genetic clusters along a geological barrier.These findings suggest that geological barriers and climatic fluctuations have an important role in triggering diversification as well as hybridization, indicating that cryptic diversity and hybridization are essential factors in biodiversity formation within the QTP region.展开更多
Breast tissue clip is a kind of tissue marker visible under ultrasound(US),mammogram(MMG),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and could be used to precisely mark the breast lesions and axillary lymph nodes(LN)under US ...Breast tissue clip is a kind of tissue marker visible under ultrasound(US),mammogram(MMG),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and could be used to precisely mark the breast lesions and axillary lymph nodes(LN)under US or MMG guidance. In order to standardize the clinical application of tissue clip,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)identified key clinical issues and developed this clinical practice guideline after evaluating the evidence with reference to the GRADE(ie,Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation)system and the accessibility in clinical practice.展开更多
Conductive coordination polymers(CCPs)have shown great potential for electronic purposes.However,their applications in photodetection have been limited by poor sensitivity,low on/off current ratio,and slow response ow...Conductive coordination polymers(CCPs)have shown great potential for electronic purposes.However,their applications in photodetection have been limited by poor sensitivity,low on/off current ratio,and slow response owing to the low charge generation and/or separation efficiency.In this work,metal-to-ligand chargetransfer(MLCT)in PhSeAg was used to fabricate a single-component MLCT photodetecting material for the first time to solve the above challenges.The material obtained possesses ultrahigh sensitivity to weak-light intensity(0.03 mW cm^(−2)),the highest on/off ratio,and the fastest response speed than other wellknown CCPs materials tested.Our work might provide a simple but common strategy for designing high-performance CCPs composites for optoelectrical applications.展开更多
基金financial support provided by the Foundation of Henan Educational Committee (22A180024)Natural Science Foundation of Henan Province (232300420212)。
文摘Understanding the evolutionary and ecological processes involved in population differentiation and speciation provides critical insights into biodiversity formation. In this study, we employed 29,865 single nucleotide polymorphisms(SNPs) and complete plastomes to examine genomic divergence and hybridization in Gentiana aristata, which is endemic to the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau(QTP) region. Genetic clustering revealed that G. aristata is characterized by geographic genetic structures with five clusters(West, East, Central, South and North). The West cluster has a specific morphological character(i.e., blue corolla) and higher values of FSTcompared to the remaining clusters, likely the result of the geological barrier formed by the Yangtze River. The West cluster diverged from the other clusters in the Early Pliocene;these remaining clusters diverged from one another in the Early Quaternary. Phylogenetic reconstructions based on SNPs and plastid data revealed substantial cyto-nuclear conflicts. Genetic clustering and D-statistics demonstrated rampant hybridization between the Central and North clusters,along the Bayankala Mountains, which form the geological barrier between the Central and North clusters. Species distribution modeling demonstrated the range of G. aristata expanded since the Last Interglacial period. Our findings provide genetic and morphological evidence of cryptic diversity in G. aristata, and identified rampant hybridization between genetic clusters along a geological barrier.These findings suggest that geological barriers and climatic fluctuations have an important role in triggering diversification as well as hybridization, indicating that cryptic diversity and hybridization are essential factors in biodiversity formation within the QTP region.
文摘Breast tissue clip is a kind of tissue marker visible under ultrasound(US),mammogram(MMG),and magnetic resonance imaging(MRI)and could be used to precisely mark the breast lesions and axillary lymph nodes(LN)under US or MMG guidance. In order to standardize the clinical application of tissue clip,the Chinese Society of Breast Surgery(CSBrS)identified key clinical issues and developed this clinical practice guideline after evaluating the evidence with reference to the GRADE(ie,Grading of Recommendations Assessment,Development,and Evaluation)system and the accessibility in clinical practice.
基金This work was supported by the NSF of China(21822109,21805276,21773245,21773151,21975254)National Key R&D Program of China(2017YFA0206802)+2 种基金the Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences(XDB20000000)Key Research Program of Frontier Science,Chinese Academy of Sciences(QYZDB-SSW-SLH023)Youth Innovation Promotion Association CAS,International Partnership Program of CAS(121835KYSB201800).
文摘Conductive coordination polymers(CCPs)have shown great potential for electronic purposes.However,their applications in photodetection have been limited by poor sensitivity,low on/off current ratio,and slow response owing to the low charge generation and/or separation efficiency.In this work,metal-to-ligand chargetransfer(MLCT)in PhSeAg was used to fabricate a single-component MLCT photodetecting material for the first time to solve the above challenges.The material obtained possesses ultrahigh sensitivity to weak-light intensity(0.03 mW cm^(−2)),the highest on/off ratio,and the fastest response speed than other wellknown CCPs materials tested.Our work might provide a simple but common strategy for designing high-performance CCPs composites for optoelectrical applications.
