目的放射性骨坏死是头颈癌放疗后的一种严重并发症,严重影响头颈癌幸存者的生活质量,增加患者经济负担。目前,在世界范围内有关放射性骨坏死的预防和管理缺乏专门的指南,本研究针对这一问题进行最佳证据汇总,以期为临床实践提供参考。...目的放射性骨坏死是头颈癌放疗后的一种严重并发症,严重影响头颈癌幸存者的生活质量,增加患者经济负担。目前,在世界范围内有关放射性骨坏死的预防和管理缺乏专门的指南,本研究针对这一问题进行最佳证据汇总,以期为临床实践提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Cinahl数据库,国内外指南数据库以及相关专业学会组织官网以获取相关的证据,包括指南、专家共识及系统评价。检索时间为建库至2020年6月18日。采用相应的质量评价工具评价纳入的文献,汇总有关放射性骨坏死预防和管理的最佳证据。结果最终纳入11篇文献,包括6篇指南,3篇专家共识,2篇系统评价。纳入文献的方法学质量总体较高。研究者总结了放射性骨坏死(Osteoradionecrosis,ORN)的危险因素(包括患者因素、肿瘤因素和放疗相关因素),放疗前(外科预防、口腔卫生教育、牙科检查和处理)、放疗中(口腔和牙齿监测、放疗注意事项)、放疗后(口腔和牙齿随访监测、龋齿和牙周疾病的预防以及放疗后拔牙注意事项)ORN的预防以及ORN的管理(影像学检查、保守治疗、手术治疗以及下颌骨ORN的疗效评价)。针对尚存争议的高压氧治疗,现有证据不推荐单独或常规使用高压氧治疗。结论本研究总结了头颈癌患者预防和管理放射性骨坏死的最佳证据,强调了口腔卫生教育、口腔和牙齿监测、积极预防和治疗龋病及牙周病在ORN预防方面的重要性,在放疗方式的选择上推荐调强放疗以减少靶区辐射剂量,在ORN的治疗方面主要包括保守治疗和手术治疗。然而,本研究汇总的证据也存在一定的局限性,在实际临床应用中医务人员应结合具体情况综合考虑。展开更多
MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques a...MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques and bioinformatics tools. However,generating high-quality comprehensive miRNA annotations remains challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of sRNA-Seq data and inherent limitations of existing miRNA prediction tools. Here,we present iwa-miRNA, a Galaxy-based framework that can facilitate miRNA annotation in plant species by combining computational analysis and manual curation. iwa-miRNA is specifically designed to generate a comprehensive list of miRNA candidates, bridging the gap between already annotated miRNAs provided by public miRNA databases and new predictions from sRNA-Seq datasets. It can also assist users in selecting promising miRNA candidates in an interactive mode,contributing to the accessibility and reproducibility of genome-wide miRNA annotation. iwamiRNA is user-friendly and can be easily deployed as a web application for researchers without programming experience. With fexible, interactive, and easy-to-use features, iwa-miRNA is a valuable tool for the annotation of miRNAs in plant species with reference genomes. We also illustrate the application of iwa-miRNA for miRNA annotation using data from plant species with varying genomic complexity. The source codes and web server of iwa-miRNA are freely accessible at http://iwa-miRNA.omicstudio.cloud/.展开更多
文摘目的放射性骨坏死是头颈癌放疗后的一种严重并发症,严重影响头颈癌幸存者的生活质量,增加患者经济负担。目前,在世界范围内有关放射性骨坏死的预防和管理缺乏专门的指南,本研究针对这一问题进行最佳证据汇总,以期为临床实践提供参考。方法系统检索中国知网、维普、万方、中国生物医学文献数据库、PubMed、Web of Science、Cochrane Library、Cinahl数据库,国内外指南数据库以及相关专业学会组织官网以获取相关的证据,包括指南、专家共识及系统评价。检索时间为建库至2020年6月18日。采用相应的质量评价工具评价纳入的文献,汇总有关放射性骨坏死预防和管理的最佳证据。结果最终纳入11篇文献,包括6篇指南,3篇专家共识,2篇系统评价。纳入文献的方法学质量总体较高。研究者总结了放射性骨坏死(Osteoradionecrosis,ORN)的危险因素(包括患者因素、肿瘤因素和放疗相关因素),放疗前(外科预防、口腔卫生教育、牙科检查和处理)、放疗中(口腔和牙齿监测、放疗注意事项)、放疗后(口腔和牙齿随访监测、龋齿和牙周疾病的预防以及放疗后拔牙注意事项)ORN的预防以及ORN的管理(影像学检查、保守治疗、手术治疗以及下颌骨ORN的疗效评价)。针对尚存争议的高压氧治疗,现有证据不推荐单独或常规使用高压氧治疗。结论本研究总结了头颈癌患者预防和管理放射性骨坏死的最佳证据,强调了口腔卫生教育、口腔和牙齿监测、积极预防和治疗龋病及牙周病在ORN预防方面的重要性,在放疗方式的选择上推荐调强放疗以减少靶区辐射剂量,在ORN的治疗方面主要包括保守治疗和手术治疗。然而,本研究汇总的证据也存在一定的局限性,在实际临床应用中医务人员应结合具体情况综合考虑。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.31570371)the Youth 1000-Talent Program of China,the Hundred Talents Program of Shaanxi Province of Chinathe Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(Grant No.2452020041).
文摘MicroRNAs(miRNAs) are important regulators of gene expression. The large-scale detection and profiling of miRNAs have been accelerated with the development of highthroughput small RNA sequencing(sRNA-Seq) techniques and bioinformatics tools. However,generating high-quality comprehensive miRNA annotations remains challenging due to the intrinsic complexity of sRNA-Seq data and inherent limitations of existing miRNA prediction tools. Here,we present iwa-miRNA, a Galaxy-based framework that can facilitate miRNA annotation in plant species by combining computational analysis and manual curation. iwa-miRNA is specifically designed to generate a comprehensive list of miRNA candidates, bridging the gap between already annotated miRNAs provided by public miRNA databases and new predictions from sRNA-Seq datasets. It can also assist users in selecting promising miRNA candidates in an interactive mode,contributing to the accessibility and reproducibility of genome-wide miRNA annotation. iwamiRNA is user-friendly and can be easily deployed as a web application for researchers without programming experience. With fexible, interactive, and easy-to-use features, iwa-miRNA is a valuable tool for the annotation of miRNAs in plant species with reference genomes. We also illustrate the application of iwa-miRNA for miRNA annotation using data from plant species with varying genomic complexity. The source codes and web server of iwa-miRNA are freely accessible at http://iwa-miRNA.omicstudio.cloud/.
