Dendrobium species regulate energy homeostasis in neurodegenerative diseases: a review

Brain energy homeostasis is a vital physiological function in maintaining a balanced internal metabolic environment.The impairment of energy homeostasis is recognized as a key pathophysiological basis for brain metabolic disorders and related neurodegenerative diseases.Dendrobium species(‘Shihu’in Chinese)such as D.officinale,D.huoshanense,D.nobile,D.chrysanthum,D.loddigesii,D.moniliforme,D.gratiosissimum,D.candidum and D.caulis are widely used as traditional Chinese medicines/nutraceuticals to control and treat neurodegenerative disorders.These dietary herbs and their derived compounds possess a variety of biological properties,such as suppression of oxidative stress and neuroinflammation,regulation of energy homeostasis mainly through improving brain mitochondria function,insulin signaling and lipid metabolism.Furthermore,they reduce neurotoxicity,alleviate brain injury and neuropathy,and prevent neurodegenerative conditions including stroke,Alzheimer’s disease,Parkinson’s disease,and Huntington’s disease in humans and/or rodents.Moreover,the nutraceuticals from Dendrobium species promote gut health and aid digestion,which appear to be associated with beneficial effects on brain energy homeostasis.Based on the above-mentioned health benefits associated with Dendrobium species,this work reviews their nutraceutical role in neurodegenerative disorders and further suggests the need to elucidate mechanisms of the underlying molecular actions.

Establishment of mitral regurgitation swine model and study the change of hydrogen sulfide system

Objective To establish the mitral regurgitation swine model and study the change of hydrogen sulfide(H2S)system in chronic heart failure model.Methods Miniature pigs were randomly divided into two groups,the control group(n=6)and mitral regurgitation group(n=6).Chronic heart failure models were established by pulling mitral chordal through a small incision extracorporeal.

Chronic restraint stress impairs ischemia-induced neovascularization through DPP-4-dependent pathway

Background and Objective The morbidity of lower extremity atherosclerotic disease(LEAD)has increased year by year.Chronic stress attenuates the ability of angiogenesis and deteriorates the prognosis of LEAD.Chronic stress increases plasma and tissue DPP-4 activities in mice.DPP-4 plays an important role in angiogenesis.Therefore,we hypothesized that chronic stress exerted its cardiovascular effects by increasing DPP-4 activation.We investigated the role of DPP-4/GLP-1 axis in ischemiainduced neovascularization in mice under restraint stress.

Exenatide reduces doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury

Objective Doxorubicin(Dox)is an effective antitumor drug,which is limited due to its lethal cardiac injury in clinical application.Exenatide(Exe)is a glucagon-like peptide-1(GLP-1)analog,it can not only regulate blood glucose,but protect the myocardium by reducing inflammation,oxidative stress and cell apoptosis.Since doxorubicininduced cardiac injury is currently thought to be mainly caused by inflammation,oxidative stress and cell apoptosis,we hypothesized that prophylactic treatment with exenatide may alleviate doxorubicin-induced cardiac injury.

Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion of Q235 Carbon Steel by Aerobic Thermoacidophilic Archaeon Metallosphaera cuprina

The effect of thermoacidophilic archaeon Metallosphaera cuprina(M.cuprina)on the corrosion of Q235 carbon steel in its culture medium was investigated in this work.In the sterile culture medium,the carbon steels showed uniform corrosion morphologies and almost no corrosion products covered the sample surface during 14 days of immersion test.In the presence of M.cuprina,some corrosion pits appeared on the surface of carbon steels in the immersion test,exhibiting typical localized corrosion morphologies.Moreover,the sample surfaces were covered by a large number of insoluble precipitates during the immersion.After 14 days,the thickness of precipitates reached approximately 50μm.The results of weight loss test and electrochemical test demonstrated that the carbon steels in the M.cuprina-inoculated culture medium had higher corrosion rate than that in the sterile culture medium.The oxygen concentration cell caused by M.cuprina biofilms resulted in localized corrosion behavior,and the ferrous oxidation ability of M.cuprina accelerated the anodic dissolution of carbon steels,thus promoting the corrosion process of carbon steels.