Amide proton transfer imaging of Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease

Amide proton transfer (APT) magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is an important molecularimaging technique at the protein level in tissue. Neurodegenerative diseases have a highlikelihood of causing abnormal protein accumulation in the brain, which can be detectedby APT MRI. This article briefly introduces the principles and image processing technologyof APT MRI, and reviews the current state of research on Alzheimer's disease and Parkinson's disease using this technique. Early applications of this approach in these twoneurodegenerative diseases are encouraging, which also suggests continued technicaldevelopment and larger clinical trials to gauge the value of this technique.

Indium-gallium-zinc-oxide thin-film transistors:Materials,devices,and applications

Since the invention of amorphous indium-gallium-zinc-oxide(IGZO)based thin-film transistors(TFTs)by Hideo Hosono in 2004,investigations on the topic of IGZO TFTs have been rapidly expanded thanks to their high electrical performance,large-area uniformity,and low processing temperature.This article reviews the recent progress and major trends in the field of IGZO-based TFTs.After a brief introduction of the history of IGZO and the main advantages of IGZO-based TFTs,an overview of IGZO materials and IGZO-based TFTs is given.In this part,IGZO material electron travelling orbitals and deposition methods are introduced,and the specific device structures and electrical performance are also presented.Afterwards,the recent advances of IGZO-based TFT applications are summarized,including flat panel display drivers,novel sensors,and emerging neuromorphic systems.In particular,the realization of flexible electronic systems is discussed.The last part of this review consists of the conclusions and gives an outlook over the field with a prediction for the future.

聚乙烯醇泡沫吸水性及所含结合水和自由水的测定

为了进一步研究聚乙烯醇(PVA)泡沫的吸水机理,拓宽PVA泡沫的使用领域,对PVA泡沫进行吸水性实验,并在氧弹量热法测定物质燃烧热的基础上,利用热容的概念,测定了饱和吸水PVA泡沫中结合水和自由水的比例。结果表明,干态PVA泡沫具有较好的吸水性和保水性,吸水率为5.01 g/g、保水率为95.52%,吸水速率和缓释速率良好;其在饱和吸水状态结合水含量为20.14%,自由水含量为79.86%,相对误差0.238%。

Trastuzumab-Induced Severe Thrombocytopenia: A Case Report and Literature Review

Wie present a 29-year-old woman with pT2N0M0 breast cancer,histological diagnosis of invasive ductal carcinoma,ER and PR low positive,and HER-2(3+).The patient developed trastuzumab-induced thrombocytopenia in 6 hours after an intravenous infusion of trastuzumab at the second cycle of trastuzumab treatment with the symptom of abnormal uterine bleeding.Laboratory exam revealed a sharp drop of platelet count down to 3X109/L.With the treatment of single-donor platelet transfusions,glucocorticoids,oxytocin and thrombopoietic drugs,the platelet count recovered completely in 11 days.This case was confirmed to be severe thrombocytopenia induced by trastuzumab,and retreatment with trastuzumab was not attempted.With increasing clinical utilization of trastuzumab,clinicians are likely to encounter more life-threatening trastuzumab induced severe thrombocytopenia.By this case report and literature review we hope to increase the awareness,attach the attentions to this condition,and help with the effective treatment.

高校无机化学“缓冲溶液”中隐性思政元素的渗透

选择无机化学课程中的“缓冲溶液”一节内容进行隐性思政元素的渗透,在对“缓冲溶液”课程设置进行分析的基础上,从学生学情、教学评价等方面阐述了这节课所面临的教学环境,并提出针对缓冲溶液设计的思政元素,在导入部分、实验部分、缓冲溶液作用机理部分以及应用部分都进行了详细的阐述,从而进一步提出思政教育作为隐性思想教育载体在高校无机化学课程中的重要性,也明确了课程思政和思政课堂的同向同行。

Comparisons of Methods for Pregnancy Diagnosis in Female Poodles

In this study, five 2 -4 years old healthy female poodles were selected and mated after spontaneous estrus for pregnancy diagnosis with external observa- tion, human chorionic gonadotropin colloidal gold rapid test strips （human early pregnancy test strips）, ultrasonic diagnosis and blood routine examination. Accord- ing to the results, female dogs showed abdominal circumference increment and mammogenesis from a month post-mating to parturition and lactated before parturi- tion. At 5, 6, 7, 15, 25 and 35 d post-mating, pregnancy diagnosis with human chorionic gonadotropin colloidal gold rapid test strips showed negative results. Hu- man early pregnancy test strips can not be used for pregnancy diagnosis in female dogs. Currently, ultrasonic method is the most accurate method to diagnose preg- nancy in female dogs, and the optimal diagnosis time is the 30th d post-mating. External observation and blood routine examination can be used as auxiliary methods to diagnose pregnancy in female dogs.

Synaptic plasticity and classical conditioning mimicked in single indium-tungsten-oxide based neuromorphic transistor

Emulation of synaptic function by ionic/electronic hybrid device is crucial for brain-like computing and neuromorphic systems.Electric-double-layer(EDL)transistors with proton conducting electrolytes as the gate dielectrics provide a prospective approach for such application.Here,artificial synapses based on indium-tungsten-oxide(IWO)-based EDL transistors are proposed,and some important synaptic functions(excitatory post-synaptic current,paired-pulse facilitation,filtering)are emulated.Two types of spike-timing-dependent plasticity(Hebbian STDP and anti-Hebbian STDP)learning rules and multistore memory(sensory memory,short-term memory,and long-term memory)are also mimicked.At last,classical conditioning is successfully demonstrated.Our results indicate that IWO-based neuromorphic transistors are interesting for neuromorphic applications.

Epidemiological Characteristics of Maize Rough Dwarf Disease in Huang-Huai-Hai Plain

Maize rough dwarf disease is a common epidemic disease in large areas.Its epidemic and occurrence mechanism is a complex process.In this paper,the epidemiological characteristics and influencing factors of maize rough dwarf disease in Huang-Huai-Hai plain were elaborated based on the research results of maize rough dwarf disease at home and abroad for many years.The epidemic of maize rough dwarf disease is affected by many factors,such as the occurrence and virus carrying rate of the first generation small brown planthopper,accumulation of virus sources on gramineous crops and weed hosts,maize variety resistance,maize sowing date,maize growth period,crop layout,tillage system,climate and ecological environment.The key factors causing the outbreak and epidemic of maize rough dwarf disease are the planting of maize susceptible varieties,the meeting of maize seedling stage and the peak period of adult spread of the first generation of small brown planthopper.

基于金属织物和自然摩擦带电的电子皮肤对人体运动的智能识别

目前已开发出各种基于电子或光学信号的技术来感知身体运动,这在医疗保健、康复和人机交互等领域至关重要.然而,这些信号都是从身体外部获取的.本研究中,我们制备了一种电子皮肤(e-skin)人体运动传感器,它利用有机聚合物和金属织物的组合,通过人体的自然电荷感应(EI)来检测运动.该电子皮肤可获得高达450 V的人体电势信号.此外,该信号可通过最先进的深度学习技术自动提取和训练.该传感器能准确识别睡眠活动,准确率约为96.55%.这种可穿戴运动传感器可以与物联网技术无缝集成,实现多功能应用,展示了其在人类活动识别和人工智能方面的潜在用途.

Energy-band engineering by 2D MXene doping for high-performance homojunction transistors and logic circuits

The homojunction based on Ti_(3)C_(2)T_(x) MXene-doped In_(2)O_(3) and indium oxide as the channel layer is real-ized in high-performance metal oxide thin film transistors(TFTs).Doping of MXene into In_(2)O_(3) results in n-type semiconductor behavior,realizing tunable work function of In_(2)O_(3) from 5.11 to 4.79 eV as MXene content increases from 0 to 2 wt.%.MXene-doped In_(2)O_(3)-based homojunction TFT presents optimal per-formance with electron mobilities of greater than 27.10 cm^(2)/(V s)at 240°C,far exceeding the maximum mobility of 3.91 cm^(2)/(V s)for single-layer In_(2)O_(3)TFTs.The improved performance originates from boosting of a two-dimensional electron gas(2DEG)formed at carefully engineered In_(2)O_(3)/MXene-doped In_(2)O_(3)ox-ide homojunction interface.Besides,the transformation in conduction mechanism leads to better stability of MXene-doped In_(2)O_(3) homojunction devices compared to undoped bilayer In_(2)O_(3).Low-frequency noise further illustrates that doping MXene into In_(2)O_(3) helps to reduce the device trap density,demonstrating excellent electrical performance.A resistor-loaded unipolar inverter based on In_(2)O_(3)/0.5%MXene-In_(2)O_(3)TFT has demonstrated full swing characteristics and a high gain of 13.The effective doping of MXene into constructed homojunction TFTs not only contributes to improved stability,but also provides an ef-fective strategy for designing novel homojunction TFTs for low-cost oxide-based electronics.

Optimization of electrical performance and stability of fully solution-driven α-InGaZnO thin-film transistors by graphene quantum dots

This work presents solution-processed high-performance graphene quantum dots(GQDs)decorated amor-phous InGaZnO(α-IGZO)thin-film transistors(TFTs)based on ZrO x as gate dielectrics.Compare with pure IGZO TFTs,GQDs-modifiedα-IGZO TFTs devices with optimized doping content have demonstrated better performances,including a larger field-effect mobility(μFE)of 35.91 cm 2 V^(-1)s^(-1),a higher on/offcurrent ratio(I ON/I OFF)of 5.04×10^(8),a smaller subthreshold swing(SS)of 0.11 V dec^(-1)and a smaller interfacial trap states(D it,1.57×10^(12)cm^(−2)).Moreover,the GQDs-doped IGZO TFTs with a doping concentration of 0.5 mg ml^(-1)have shown excellent stability under bias stress and illumination stress conditions.To demonstrate the potential applications ofα-IGZO TFTs in logic circuits,a resistor-loaded unipolar inverter based on GQDs-IGZO/ZrO x has been integrated,demonstrating good dynamic behavior and a high gain of 9.3.Low-frequency noise(LFN)characteristics of GQDs-IGZO/ZrO x TFTs have suggested that the fluctua-tions in mobility are the noise source.Based on all the experimental findings,it can be concluded that solution-processed GQDs-IGZO/ZrO x TFT may envision promising applications in optoelectronics.

Highly active and durable triple conducting composite air electrode for low-temperature protonic ceramic fuel cells

Protonic ceramic fuel cells(PCFCs)are more suitable for operation at low temperatures due to their smaller activation energy(Ea).Unfortunately,the utilization of PCFC technology at reduced temperatures is limited by the lack of durable and high-activity air electrodes.A lot number of cobalt-based oxides have been developed as air electrodes for PCFCs,due to their high oxygen reduction reaction(ORR)activity.However,cobalt-based oxides usually have more significant thermal expansion coefficients(TECs)and poor thermomechanical compatibility with electrolytes.These characteristics can lead to cell delamination and degradation.Herein,we rationally design a novel cobalt-containing composite cathode material with the nominal composition of Sr_(4)Fe_(4)Co_(2)O_(13)+δ(SFC).SFC is composed of tetragonal perovskite phase(Sr_(8)Fe_(8)O_(23)+δ,I4/mmm,81 wt.%)and spinel phase(Co_(3)O_(4),Fd3m,19 wt.%).The SFC composite cathode displays an ultra-high oxygen ionic conductivity(0.053 S·cm^(-1)at 550℃),superior CO_(2)tolerance,and suitable TEC value(17.01×10^(-6)K^(-1)).SFC has both the O_(2)^(-)/e^(-)conduction function,and the triple conducting(H^(+)/O_(2)^(-)/e^(-))capability was achieved by introducing the protonic conduction phase(BaZr_(0.2)Ce_(0.7)Y_(0.1)O_(3-δ),BZCY)to form SFC+BZCY(70 wt.%:30 wt.%).The SFC+BZCY composite electrode exhibits superior ORR activity at a reduced temperature with extremely low area-specific resistance(ASR,0.677Ω·cm^(2)at 550℃),profound peak power density(PPD,535 mW·cm^(-2)and 1.065 V at 550℃),extraordinarily long-term durability(>500 h for symmetrical cell and 350 h for single cell).Moreover,the composite has an ultra-low TEC value(15.96×10^(-6)K^(-1)).This study proves that SFC+BZCY with triple conducting capacity is an excellent cathode for low-temperature PCFCs.

Stochastic Multi-Symplectic Integrator for Stochastic Nonlinear Schrodinger Equation

In this paper we propose stochastic multi-symplectic conservation law for stochastic Hamiltonian partial differential equations,and develop a stochastic multisymplectic method for numerically solving a kind of stochastic nonlinear Schrodinger equations.It is shown that the stochasticmulti-symplecticmethod preserves themultisymplectic structure,the discrete charge conservation law,and deduces the recurrence relation of the discrete energy.Numerical experiments are performed to verify the good behaviors of the stochastic multi-symplectic method in cases of both solitary wave and collision.

Passivation of Ge surface treated with trimethylaluminum and investigation of electrical properties of HfTiO/Ge gate stacks

In the current work, in situ surface passivation Ge substrate by using trimethylaluminum（TMA） prior to HfTiO films deposition and electrical properties of HfTiO/Ge gate stacks have been investigated by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy（XPS） and electrical measurements systematically. Based on analysis from XPS measurements, it has been confirmed that the interfacial layer of HfTiO/Ge gate stack has been suppressed effectively after 20 half-ALD cycles TMA pretreatment. Electrical properties of metal-oxidesemiconductor（MOS） capacitor based on HfTiO gate dielectrics have shown that the MOS capacitor with20 cycles TMA cleaning exhibits the lowest interface state density（~7.56 eV^（-1）cm^（-2）） and the smallest leakage current（~2.67 × 10^（-5）A/cm^2）. Correspondingly, the leakage current conduction mechanisms for MOS capacitor device with 20 cycles TMA cleaning also have been discussed in detail.

一次性充填根管在高原地区根管治疗中的应用研究

目的研究一次性充填根管在高原地区根管治疗中的应用效果,评估其在高原地区口腔疾病临床应用中的可行性。方法选取山南市人民医院2018年8-12月就诊的行根管治疗的前牙及前磨牙患者68例(75颗牙),按就诊日期单双号分为对照组33例(36颗牙)、观察组35例(39颗牙),对照组行常规根管治疗,观察组行一次性根管充填法治疗。比较两组根管治疗效果。结果根管治疗后1周、2周、1个月,对照组成功率分别为88.9%、94.4%、100.0%,观察组分别为87.2%、94.9%、100.0%,两组差异均无统计学意义(均P>0.05)。结论在严格控制适应证的情况下,一次性根管充填法治疗可取得理想治疗效果,值得在高原地区临床推广。

Fermi level unpinning achievement and transport modification in Hf_(1-x)Yb_(x)O_(y)/Al_(2)O_(3)/GaSb laminated stacks by doping engineering

Fermi level pinning and interface instability have hindered the achievement of field-effect-transistors(FETs)with high performance.Interface passivation and doping engineering technology have become the main driving force to solve the issue.Herein,interface chemistry and transport characteristics determination of Hf_(1-x)Yb_(x)O_(y)/Al_(2)O_(3)/GaSb gate stacks have been achieved by passivation and doping process.X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy characterization and electrical measurements have demonstrated the existence of less intrinsic oxides and elemental Sb at Hf_(1-x)Yb_(x)O_(y)/Al_(2)O_(3)/GaSb interface with optimized doping content,as well as the minimum leakage current density of 2.23×10^(5)A cm.The energy distribution of interface state based on conductance method has confirmed the achievement of the lowest interface state density of 1.98×10^(13)e Vcm,resulting in Fermi level unpinning.Carrier transport mechanisms of Hf_(1-x)Yb_(x)O_(y)/Al_(2)O_(3)/GaSb MOS capacitors as a function of temperature have been investigated systematically and some important electrical parameters have been extracted.Comprehensive analyses show that sputtering-derived Hf_(1-x)Yb_(x)O_(y)/Al_(2)O_(3)/GaSb(x=0.32)gate stack has potential application in future Ga Sbbased metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistor(MOSFET)devices.

Fc-PIP Catalyzed Asymmetric Synthesis of cis-2,3-Dihydrobenzofurans

A highly enantioselective intramolecular Michael addition-Lactonization domino reaction of a range of enon acids catalyzed by nuleophilic organocatalyst(Fc-PIP)was developed,furnishing cis-2,3-dihydrobenzofuran derivatives with excellent enantioselecitivities(94%-98%ee)and good diastereoselectivities(up to 99/1).

Functional characterization of caffeic acid O-methyltransferase in internode lignification of switchgrass(Panicum virgatum)

Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase(COMT) is a crucial enzyme that mainly methylates phenylpropanoid meta-hydroxyl of C5 in the biosynthesis of syringyl lignin in angiosperms. A putative COMT, named as PvCOMT1,was isolated from switchgrass(Panicum virgatum), a C4 warm-season dual-purpose forage and bioenergy crop. Our results showed that recombinant PvCOMT1 enzyme protein catalyzed the methylation of 5-OH coniferyl alcohol, 5-OH coniferaldehyde(CAld5H) and 5-OH ferulic acid. Further in vitro studies indicate that CAld5H can dominate COMT-mediated reactions by inhibiting the methylation of the other substrates. Transgenic switchgrass plants generated by an RNAi approach were further employed to study the function of COMT in internode lignification. A dramatic decrease in syringyl lignin units coupled with an obvious incorporation in 5-OH guaiacyl lignin units were observed in the COMT-RNAi transgenic plants. However, the constitutive suppression of COMT in switchgrass plants altered neither the pattern of lignin deposition along the stem nor the anatomical structure of internodes. Consistent with the biochemical characterization of PvCOMT1, a significant decrease in sinapaldehyde was found in the COMT-RNAi transgenic switchgrass plants, suggesting that CAld5H could be the optimal intermediate in the biosynthesis syringyl lignin.

Explicit Multi-Symplectic Methods for Hamiltonian Wave Equations

In this paper,based on the multi-symplecticity of concatenating symplectic Runge-Kutta-Nystrom(SRKN)methods and symplectic Runge-Kutta-type methods for numerically solving Hamiltonian PDEs,explicit multi-symplectic schemes are constructed and investigated,where the nonlinear wave equation is taken as a model problem.Numerical comparisons are made to illustrate the effectiveness of our newly derived explicit multi-symplectic integrators.

Efficient Spin-Flip between Charge-Transfer States for High-Performance Electroluminescence, without an Intermediate Locally Excited State

Thermally activated delayed fluorescence(TADF)materials with both high photoluminescence quantum yield(PLQY)and fast reverse intersystem crossing(RISC)are strongly desired to realize efficient and stable organic light-emitting diodes(OLEDs).Control of excited-state dynamics via molecular design plays a central role in optimizing the PLQY and RISC rate of TADF materials but remains challenging.Here,3 TADF emitters possessing similar molecular structures,similar high PLQYs(89.5%to 96.3%),and approximate energy levels of the lowest excited singlet states(S_(1)),but significantly different spin-flipping RISC rates(0.03×10^(6) s^(−1) vs.2.26×10^(6) s^(−1))and exciton lifetime(297.1 to 332.8μs vs.6.0μs)were systematically synthesized to deeply investigate the feasibility of spin-flip between charge-transfer excited states(^(3)CT–^(1)CT)transition.