免散瞳眼底照相在糖尿病视网膜病变筛查中的应用分析

目的:观察并分析免散瞳眼底照相在糖尿病视网膜病变(DR)筛查中的作用,为临床筛查提供依据。方法:选取我院2016-12/2017-11确诊为糖尿病(DM)患者120例240眼为观察对象,由同一操作者逐一进行免散瞳眼底照相、散瞳后7方位眼底照相及眼底荧光血管造影检查(FFA)。以糖尿病视网膜病变国际临床分级为标准,采取盲法由同一医师分别对以上三项检查进行阅片、分级并记录。最后以眼底荧光血管造影检查为金标准,分别对前两种方法与眼底荧光造影的结果进行对比性研究,计算每种方法对不同程度的DR的敏感度、特异度、Youden指数、Kappa值,筛选出简单易行、有效的糖尿病视网膜病变的筛查方法。结果:通过眼底血管造影筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变168眼(70. 0%),散瞳后眼底照相筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变160眼(66. 7%),免散瞳眼底照相筛查出糖尿病视网膜病变156眼(65. 0%)。不同方法筛查出的糖尿病视网膜病变分级结果基本一致,差异无统计学意义(P> 0. 05)。对不同程度糖尿病视网膜病变进行筛查时,免散瞳眼底照相组的敏感度和特异度分别为92. 9%、90. 3%,与散瞳后眼底照相组的结果无明显差异。与金标准组(FFA)比较,其Youden指数(83. 14%)接近于1,结果可靠度高,Kappa=0. 81,检验具有一致性。对中度非增殖期糖尿病视网膜病变进行筛查时,免散瞳眼底照相组的敏感度和特异度的分别是90. 6%、95. 5%,与散瞳后眼底照相结果无明显差异。与金标准组比较,免散瞳眼底照相的Youden指数为86. 09%,结果可靠度高,Kappa=0. 86,检验具有一致性。结论:免散瞳眼底照相作为一种筛查糖尿病视网膜病变的简单、准确率高的可行性方法。此项检查简单易行,无风险,可培训专科技师进行多点操作,借助如今方便的网络传输图像至有经验的眼科医师阅片、诊断,方便快捷,让患者就近诊治,避免了来回奔波的辛劳,对社会具有积极的意义。

The Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)clinical guidelines for the diagnosis and treatment of nasopharyngeal carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma(NPC)is a malignant epithelial tumor originating in the nasopharynx and has a high incidence in Southeast Asia and North Africa.To develop these comprehensive guidelines for the diagnosis and management of NPC,the Chinese Society of Clinical Oncology(CSCO)arranged a multi-disciplinary team comprising of experts from all sub-specialties of NPC to write,discuss,and revise the guidelines.Based on the findings of evidencebased medicine in China and abroad,domestic experts have iteratively developed these guidelines to provide proper management of NPC.Overall,the guidelines describe the screening,clinical and pathological diagnosis,staging and risk assessment,therapies,and follow-up of NPC,which aim to improve the management of NPC.