Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from bone tissue that progresses rapidly and has a poor patient prognosis.Immunotherapy has shown great potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma.However,the immunosuppre...Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from bone tissue that progresses rapidly and has a poor patient prognosis.Immunotherapy has shown great potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma.However,the immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the efficacy of osteosarcoma treatment.The dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier has emerged as an effective antitumor drug delivery system that can selectively release drugs into the acidic tumor microenvironment.Here,we prepared a dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier,loaded with the photosensitizer Chlorin e6(Ce6)and CD47 monoclonal antibodies(aCD47),to deliver synergistic photodynamic and immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.On laser irradiation,Ce6 can generate reactive oxygen species(ROS)to kill cancer cells directly and induces immunogenic tumor cell death(ICD),which further facilitates the dendritic cell maturation induced by blockade of CD47 by aCD47.Moreover,both calreticulin released during ICD and CD47 blockade can accelerate phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages,promote antigen presentation,and eventually induce T lymphocyte-mediated antitumor immunity.Overall,the dual pH-sensitive nanodrug loaded with Ce6 and aCD47 showed excellent immune-activating and anti-tumor effects in osteosarcoma,which may lay the theoretical foundation for a novel combination model of osteosarcoma treatment.展开更多
This paper presents a novel algorithm for planar G1 interpolation using typical curves with monotonic curvature.The G1 interpolation problem is converted into a system of nonlinear equations and sufficient conditions ...This paper presents a novel algorithm for planar G1 interpolation using typical curves with monotonic curvature.The G1 interpolation problem is converted into a system of nonlinear equations and sufficient conditions are provided to check whether there is a solution.The proposed algorithm was applied to a curve completion task.The main advantages of the proposed method are its simple construction,compatibility with NURBS,and monotonic curvature.展开更多
Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of the c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the major organs of mice by MR imaging. Methods: Sixty BA...Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of the c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the major organs of mice by MR imaging. Methods: Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. MR scans were performed in each mouse of the experimental group at five different time points (10, 30, 60, 180 and 360 min) after injection of the antisense probe. The signal from each major organ (liver, spleen, heart, kidney and muscle tissue) in comparison with the background signal (signal to noise ratio) was determined at each time point as a measure of the distribution of the antisense probe. Six control mice were killed at each of the same time points and the organs immediately removed for determination of their iron content. Results: After injection of the antisense probe, the highest enrichment of the probe was seen in the spleen, reaching a peak at 180 min, followed by the liver, muscle, heart and kidney. Conclusions: MR imaging can visualize the distribution of c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the major organs of mice, and this may provide the basis for further in vivo studies of MR imaging time and dose selection.展开更多
OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer. METHODS From December 1996 to December 2000, we received and treated 21 patients with inflammatory breast carcinoma wit...OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer. METHODS From December 1996 to December 2000, we received and treated 21 patients with inflammatory breast carcinoma with a combined-modality treatment. The chemotherapy protocol consisted of cyclophos-phamide (CTX), pirarubicin (THP-ADM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or CTX, 5-Fu and methotrexate (MTX). The same infusion scheme was repeated on day 21. After 3-4 cycles the patients were treated with radiotherapy. When the radiation dose reached 40 Gy, the patients who were unable or unwilling to under go an operation received continued radiotherapy. When the radiation dose to the supra clavicular fossa and internal mammary lymph nodes reached 60 Gy and 50 Gy respectively, the radiotherapy was stopped. Chemotherapy was then continued with the original scheme. Patients who had indications for surgery and were willing to under go an operation received no treatment for 2 weeks, after which a total mastectomy was performed. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy was resumed with the original scheme after the operations. When the radiation dose reached 50 Gy, radiotherapy was stopped. RESULTS All patients were followed-up for more than 5 years with a follow-up rate of 100%. The overall 3 and 5-year survival rates of these patients were 42.9%, and 23.8% respectively. For patients in Stage IIIB the 3 and 5-year survival rates were 50.0% and 27.8% respectively, and for patients in Stage IV, the 3 and 5-year survival rates were both 0.0%. There was a significant difference between the 2 stage groups (P<0.05, x2=11.60). For patients who received an operation, the 3 and 5-year survival rates were 80.0% and 33.3% respectively, For patients who were not treated with an operation, the 3 and 5 -year survival rates were both 0.0%, There was a significant difference between the operated and non-operated groups (P<0.05, x2=11.64). CONCLUSION The prognosis of inflammatory breast carcinoma is poor. Before operation, a combined -modality treatment (first chemotherapy, then local therapy, finally chemotherapy and radiotherapy) is the best treatment method.展开更多
Landing gear lower drag stay is a key component which connects fuselage and landing gear and directly effects the safety and performance of aircraft takeoff and landing. To effectively design the lower drag stay and r...Landing gear lower drag stay is a key component which connects fuselage and landing gear and directly effects the safety and performance of aircraft takeoff and landing. To effectively design the lower drag stay and reduce the weight of landing gear, Global/local Linked Driven Optimization Strategy(GLDOS) was developed to conduct the overall process design of lower drag stay in respect of optimization thought. The whole-process optimization involves two stages of structural conceptual design and detailed design. In the structural conceptual design, the landing gear lower drag stay was globally topologically optimized by adopting multiple starting points algorithm. In the detailed design, the local size and shape of landing gear lower drag stay were globally optimized by the gradient optimization strategy. The GLDOS method adopts different optimization strategies for different optimization stages to acquire the optimum design effect. Through the experimental validation, the weight of the optimized lower dray stay with the developed GLDOS is reduced by 16.79% while keeping enough strength and stiffness, which satisfies the requirements of engineering design under the typical loading conditions. The proposed GLDOS is validated to be accurate and efficient in optimization scheme and design cycles. The efforts of this paper provide a whole-process optimization approach regarding different optimization technologies in different design phases, which is significant in reducing structural weight and enhance design tp wid 1 precision for complex structures in aircrafts.展开更多
The use of wind power has grown rapidly in recent years.Wind power is a clean source of energy,but can have negative impacts on the distribution grid.The influence of large-scale wind power integration on the safe and...The use of wind power has grown rapidly in recent years.Wind power is a clean source of energy,but can have negative impacts on the distribution grid.The influence of large-scale wind power integration on the safe and stable operation of a power system cannot be ignored.It is necessary and urgent to achieve grid adaptability for wind turbines in China.Using a 35 kV/6 MVA grid simulator,the performance of a grid is investigated by simulation.Typical grid disturbances such as voltage deviation,frequency fluctuation,voltage unbalance,and distortion can be simulated.A grid adaptability testing methodology was developed and applied to a doubly fed wind turbine with a focus on analyzing real test data to ascertain its three-phase voltage unbalance adaptability,which was successfully demonstrated.The methodology can also be used to guide other grid adaptability tests.展开更多
For accurate Finite Element(FE)modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings,Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy(PM-MUS)is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updati...For accurate Finite Element(FE)modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings,Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy(PM-MUS)is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updating techniques regarding uncorrelated/correlated mode shapes.Casings structure is parametrically modeled by simplifying initial structural FE model and equivalently simulating mechanical characteristics.Uncorrelated modes between FE model and experiment are reasonably handled by adopting an objective function to recognize correct correlated modes pairs.The parametrized FE model is updated to effectively describe structural dynamic characteristics in respect of testing data.The model updating technology is firstly validated by the detailed FE model updating of one fixed–fixed beam structure in light of correlated/uncorrelated mode shapes and measured mode data.The PM-MUS is applied to the FE parametrized model updating of an aeroengine stator system(casings)which is constructed by the proposed parametric modeling approach.As revealed in this study,(A)the updated models by the proposed updating strategy and dynamic test data is accurate,and(B)the uncorrelated modes like close modes can be effectively handled and precisely identify the FE model mode associated the corresponding experimental mode,and(C)parametric modeling can enhance the dynamic modeling updating of complex structure in the accuracy of mode matching.The efforts of this study provide an efficient dynamic model updating strategy(PM-MUS)for aeroengine casings by parametric modeling and experimental test data regarding uncorrelated modes.展开更多
2D carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites（2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites） were fabricated by liquid–solid extrusion and vacuum pressure infiltration technique（LSEVI）. In order to modify the interface between ...2D carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites（2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites） were fabricated by liquid–solid extrusion and vacuum pressure infiltration technique（LSEVI）. In order to modify the interface between fibers and matrix and protect the fiber, pyrolytic carbon（Py C） coating was deposited on the surface of T700 carbon fiber by chemical vapor deposition（CVD）. Microstructure observation of the composites revealed that the composites were well fabricated by LSEVI. The segregation of aluminum at fiber surface led to the formation of Mg_（17）Al_（12） precipitates at the interface. The aluminum improved the infiltration of the alloy and Py C coating protected the fibers effectively. The ultimate tensile strength of 2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites was about 400 MPa. The fracture process of 2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites was transverse fiber interface cracking–matrix transferring load–longitudinal fibers bearing load–longitudinal fibers breaking.展开更多
Integrating nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) with biological treatment processes holds the promise of inheriting significant advantages from both environmental nano-and biotechnologies. nZVI and microbes can perform i...Integrating nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) with biological treatment processes holds the promise of inheriting significant advantages from both environmental nano-and biotechnologies. nZVI and microbes can perform in coalition in direct contact and act simultaneously, or be maintained in separate reactors and operated sequentially. Both modes can generate enhanced performance for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. nZVI scavenges and eliminates toxic metals, and enhances biodegradability of some recalcitrant contaminants while bioprocesses serve to mineralize organic compounds and further remove impurities from wastewater. This has been demonstrated in a number of recent works that nZVI can substantially augment the performance of conventional biological treatment for wastewaters from textile and nonferrous metal industries. Our recent laboratory and field tests show that COD of the industrial effluents can be reduced to a record-low of 50 ppm. Recent literature on the theory and applications of the nZVI-bio system is highlighted in this mini review.展开更多
Carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites with pyrolytic（PyC） coating deposited on fiber surface（PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites） have been fabricated by Liquid-solid extrusion following vacuum pressure infiltrati...Carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites with pyrolytic（PyC） coating deposited on fiber surface（PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites） have been fabricated by Liquid-solid extrusion following vacuum pressure infiltration technique（LSEVI）. Interfacial microstructure and failure behavior of the composites were investigated. Instead of interfacial reaction products, block-shaped interfacial precipitates Mg（17） Al（12） were detected at the interface, which indicates that interfacial reaction was restrained by LSEVI and PyC coating. Nano-MgO was detected at the interface. Interfacial failure behavior of the PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites,which was the failure between PyC coating and AZ91 D alloy due to the mismatch of thermal expansion and relatively poor bonding, was proposed. Fracture surface of the PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites was characterized by fibers pulling-out tests. PyC coating served not only as protection to the fibers, but also an adjustment of the interface of the composites.展开更多
Aggregation of freshly isolated adult rat hepatocytes in vitro is important for the construction of artificial liver support system. In the experiment, agar has been used as an extracellular matrix substrate and resul...Aggregation of freshly isolated adult rat hepatocytes in vitro is important for the construction of artificial liver support system. In the experiment, agar has been used as an extracellular matrix substrate and results demonstrate that hepatocytes in serum-free culture展开更多
文摘Osteosarcoma is a malignant tumor originating from bone tissue that progresses rapidly and has a poor patient prognosis.Immunotherapy has shown great potential in the treatment of osteosarcoma.However,the immunosuppressive microenvironment severely limits the efficacy of osteosarcoma treatment.The dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier has emerged as an effective antitumor drug delivery system that can selectively release drugs into the acidic tumor microenvironment.Here,we prepared a dual pH-sensitive nanocarrier,loaded with the photosensitizer Chlorin e6(Ce6)and CD47 monoclonal antibodies(aCD47),to deliver synergistic photodynamic and immunotherapy of osteosarcoma.On laser irradiation,Ce6 can generate reactive oxygen species(ROS)to kill cancer cells directly and induces immunogenic tumor cell death(ICD),which further facilitates the dendritic cell maturation induced by blockade of CD47 by aCD47.Moreover,both calreticulin released during ICD and CD47 blockade can accelerate phagocytosis of tumor cells by macrophages,promote antigen presentation,and eventually induce T lymphocyte-mediated antitumor immunity.Overall,the dual pH-sensitive nanodrug loaded with Ce6 and aCD47 showed excellent immune-activating and anti-tumor effects in osteosarcoma,which may lay the theoretical foundation for a novel combination model of osteosarcoma treatment.
基金This work was supported by opening fund of State Key Laboratory of Lunar and Planetary Sciences(Macao University of Science and Technology),No.119/2017/A3the Natural Science Foundation of China,Nos.61572056 and 61872347+1 种基金the Special Plan for the Development of Distinguished Young Scientists of ISCAS,No.Y8RC535018the Science and Technology Development Fund of Macao,No.0105/2020/A3.
文摘This paper presents a novel algorithm for planar G1 interpolation using typical curves with monotonic curvature.The G1 interpolation problem is converted into a system of nonlinear equations and sufficient conditions are provided to check whether there is a solution.The proposed algorithm was applied to a curve completion task.The main advantages of the proposed method are its simple construction,compatibility with NURBS,and monotonic curvature.
文摘Background: The aim of this study was to investigate the distribution of the c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the major organs of mice by MR imaging. Methods: Sixty BALB/c mice were randomly divided into experimental and control groups. MR scans were performed in each mouse of the experimental group at five different time points (10, 30, 60, 180 and 360 min) after injection of the antisense probe. The signal from each major organ (liver, spleen, heart, kidney and muscle tissue) in comparison with the background signal (signal to noise ratio) was determined at each time point as a measure of the distribution of the antisense probe. Six control mice were killed at each of the same time points and the organs immediately removed for determination of their iron content. Results: After injection of the antisense probe, the highest enrichment of the probe was seen in the spleen, reaching a peak at 180 min, followed by the liver, muscle, heart and kidney. Conclusions: MR imaging can visualize the distribution of c-erbB2 antisense probe labeled with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles in the major organs of mice, and this may provide the basis for further in vivo studies of MR imaging time and dose selection.
文摘OBJECTIVE To observe the effect of preoperative chemoradiotherapy for inflammatory breast cancer. METHODS From December 1996 to December 2000, we received and treated 21 patients with inflammatory breast carcinoma with a combined-modality treatment. The chemotherapy protocol consisted of cyclophos-phamide (CTX), pirarubicin (THP-ADM) and 5-fluorouracil (5-FU) or CTX, 5-Fu and methotrexate (MTX). The same infusion scheme was repeated on day 21. After 3-4 cycles the patients were treated with radiotherapy. When the radiation dose reached 40 Gy, the patients who were unable or unwilling to under go an operation received continued radiotherapy. When the radiation dose to the supra clavicular fossa and internal mammary lymph nodes reached 60 Gy and 50 Gy respectively, the radiotherapy was stopped. Chemotherapy was then continued with the original scheme. Patients who had indications for surgery and were willing to under go an operation received no treatment for 2 weeks, after which a total mastectomy was performed. Chemotherapy and radiotherapy was resumed with the original scheme after the operations. When the radiation dose reached 50 Gy, radiotherapy was stopped. RESULTS All patients were followed-up for more than 5 years with a follow-up rate of 100%. The overall 3 and 5-year survival rates of these patients were 42.9%, and 23.8% respectively. For patients in Stage IIIB the 3 and 5-year survival rates were 50.0% and 27.8% respectively, and for patients in Stage IV, the 3 and 5-year survival rates were both 0.0%. There was a significant difference between the 2 stage groups (P<0.05, x2=11.60). For patients who received an operation, the 3 and 5-year survival rates were 80.0% and 33.3% respectively, For patients who were not treated with an operation, the 3 and 5 -year survival rates were both 0.0%, There was a significant difference between the operated and non-operated groups (P<0.05, x2=11.64). CONCLUSION The prognosis of inflammatory breast carcinoma is poor. Before operation, a combined -modality treatment (first chemotherapy, then local therapy, finally chemotherapy and radiotherapy) is the best treatment method.
基金co-supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51975124 and 51675179)Aerospace Science and Technology Fund of China (No.AERO201937)Research Start-up Funding of Fudan University (No. FDU38341)。
文摘Landing gear lower drag stay is a key component which connects fuselage and landing gear and directly effects the safety and performance of aircraft takeoff and landing. To effectively design the lower drag stay and reduce the weight of landing gear, Global/local Linked Driven Optimization Strategy(GLDOS) was developed to conduct the overall process design of lower drag stay in respect of optimization thought. The whole-process optimization involves two stages of structural conceptual design and detailed design. In the structural conceptual design, the landing gear lower drag stay was globally topologically optimized by adopting multiple starting points algorithm. In the detailed design, the local size and shape of landing gear lower drag stay were globally optimized by the gradient optimization strategy. The GLDOS method adopts different optimization strategies for different optimization stages to acquire the optimum design effect. Through the experimental validation, the weight of the optimized lower dray stay with the developed GLDOS is reduced by 16.79% while keeping enough strength and stiffness, which satisfies the requirements of engineering design under the typical loading conditions. The proposed GLDOS is validated to be accurate and efficient in optimization scheme and design cycles. The efforts of this paper provide a whole-process optimization approach regarding different optimization technologies in different design phases, which is significant in reducing structural weight and enhance design tp wid 1 precision for complex structures in aircrafts.
文摘The use of wind power has grown rapidly in recent years.Wind power is a clean source of energy,but can have negative impacts on the distribution grid.The influence of large-scale wind power integration on the safe and stable operation of a power system cannot be ignored.It is necessary and urgent to achieve grid adaptability for wind turbines in China.Using a 35 kV/6 MVA grid simulator,the performance of a grid is investigated by simulation.Typical grid disturbances such as voltage deviation,frequency fluctuation,voltage unbalance,and distortion can be simulated.A grid adaptability testing methodology was developed and applied to a doubly fed wind turbine with a focus on analyzing real test data to ascertain its three-phase voltage unbalance adaptability,which was successfully demonstrated.The methodology can also be used to guide other grid adaptability tests.
基金co-supported by National Natural Science Foundation of China(Nos.51975124 and 51675179)Shanghai International Cooperation Project of One Belt and One Road of China(No.20110741700)Research Startup Fund of Fudan University(No.FDU38341)。
文摘For accurate Finite Element(FE)modeling for the structural dynamics of aeroengine casings,Parametric Modeling-based Model Updating Strategy(PM-MUS)is proposed based on efficient FE parametric modeling and model updating techniques regarding uncorrelated/correlated mode shapes.Casings structure is parametrically modeled by simplifying initial structural FE model and equivalently simulating mechanical characteristics.Uncorrelated modes between FE model and experiment are reasonably handled by adopting an objective function to recognize correct correlated modes pairs.The parametrized FE model is updated to effectively describe structural dynamic characteristics in respect of testing data.The model updating technology is firstly validated by the detailed FE model updating of one fixed–fixed beam structure in light of correlated/uncorrelated mode shapes and measured mode data.The PM-MUS is applied to the FE parametrized model updating of an aeroengine stator system(casings)which is constructed by the proposed parametric modeling approach.As revealed in this study,(A)the updated models by the proposed updating strategy and dynamic test data is accurate,and(B)the uncorrelated modes like close modes can be effectively handled and precisely identify the FE model mode associated the corresponding experimental mode,and(C)parametric modeling can enhance the dynamic modeling updating of complex structure in the accuracy of mode matching.The efforts of this study provide an efficient dynamic model updating strategy(PM-MUS)for aeroengine casings by parametric modeling and experimental test data regarding uncorrelated modes.
基金supported by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51472203, 51521061, 51575447 and 51432008)
文摘2D carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites（2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites） were fabricated by liquid–solid extrusion and vacuum pressure infiltration technique（LSEVI）. In order to modify the interface between fibers and matrix and protect the fiber, pyrolytic carbon（Py C） coating was deposited on the surface of T700 carbon fiber by chemical vapor deposition（CVD）. Microstructure observation of the composites revealed that the composites were well fabricated by LSEVI. The segregation of aluminum at fiber surface led to the formation of Mg_（17）Al_（12） precipitates at the interface. The aluminum improved the infiltration of the alloy and Py C coating protected the fibers effectively. The ultimate tensile strength of 2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites was about 400 MPa. The fracture process of 2D-C_f/AZ91 D composites was transverse fiber interface cracking–matrix transferring load–longitudinal fibers bearing load–longitudinal fibers breaking.
基金supported by the Research and Development Program of Guangdong Province (No. 2020B0202080001)by the China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (No. 2019M651583)+1 种基金by the Education Commission of Shanghai (No. 0400106005)by the National Science Foundation of China (Nos. 21277102, 21003151)。
文摘Integrating nanoscale zero-valent iron(nZVI) with biological treatment processes holds the promise of inheriting significant advantages from both environmental nano-and biotechnologies. nZVI and microbes can perform in coalition in direct contact and act simultaneously, or be maintained in separate reactors and operated sequentially. Both modes can generate enhanced performance for wastewater treatment and environmental remediation. nZVI scavenges and eliminates toxic metals, and enhances biodegradability of some recalcitrant contaminants while bioprocesses serve to mineralize organic compounds and further remove impurities from wastewater. This has been demonstrated in a number of recent works that nZVI can substantially augment the performance of conventional biological treatment for wastewaters from textile and nonferrous metal industries. Our recent laboratory and field tests show that COD of the industrial effluents can be reduced to a record-low of 50 ppm. Recent literature on the theory and applications of the nZVI-bio system is highlighted in this mini review.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 51472203, 51575447, 51521061)
文摘Carbon fiber reinforced AZ91 D matrix composites with pyrolytic（PyC） coating deposited on fiber surface（PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites） have been fabricated by Liquid-solid extrusion following vacuum pressure infiltration technique（LSEVI）. Interfacial microstructure and failure behavior of the composites were investigated. Instead of interfacial reaction products, block-shaped interfacial precipitates Mg（17） Al（12） were detected at the interface, which indicates that interfacial reaction was restrained by LSEVI and PyC coating. Nano-MgO was detected at the interface. Interfacial failure behavior of the PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites,which was the failure between PyC coating and AZ91 D alloy due to the mismatch of thermal expansion and relatively poor bonding, was proposed. Fracture surface of the PyC-Cf/AZ91 D composites was characterized by fibers pulling-out tests. PyC coating served not only as protection to the fibers, but also an adjustment of the interface of the composites.
文摘Aggregation of freshly isolated adult rat hepatocytes in vitro is important for the construction of artificial liver support system. In the experiment, agar has been used as an extracellular matrix substrate and results demonstrate that hepatocytes in serum-free culture
