Cloud‐based video streaming services:Trends,challenges,and opportunities

Cloud computing has drastically changed the delivery and consumption of live streaming content.The designs,challenges,and possible uses of cloud computing for live streaming are studied.A comprehensive overview of the technical and business issues surrounding cloudbased live streaming is provided,including the benefits of cloud computing,the various live streaming architectures,and the challenges that live streaming service providers face in delivering high‐quality,real‐time services.The different techniques used to improve the performance of video streaming,such as adaptive bit‐rate streaming,multicast distribution,and edge computing are discussed and the necessity of low‐latency and high‐quality video transmission in cloud‐based live streaming is underlined.Issues such as improving user experience and live streaming service performance using cutting‐edge technology,like artificial intelligence and machine learning are discussed.In addition,the legal and regulatory implications of cloud‐based live streaming,including issues with network neutrality,data privacy,and content moderation are addressed.The future of cloud computing for live streaming is examined in the section that follows,and it looks at the most likely new developments in terms of trends and technology.For technology vendors,live streaming service providers,and regulators,the findings have major policy‐relevant implications.Suggestions on how stakeholders should address these concerns and take advantage of the potential presented by this rapidly evolving sector,as well as insights into the key challenges and opportunities associated with cloud‐based live streaming are provided.

Functional properties, phenolic constituents and antioxidant potential of industrial apple pomace for utilization as active food ingredient

Apple pomace is a waste biomass generated after apple fruit processing.In present investigation,efforts were made to comprehend influence of differently dried pomace on cell wall properties and phenolic profile.Different drying techniques were employed to remove moisture content from fresh apple pomace.Total dietary fiber yield(74%)and array of functional properties such as density,water and oil holding capacity,swelling capacity and glucose dialysis retardation index(36.91%)was found better in freeze dried fraction.The higher total phenolics(5.78±0.08 mg GAE/g dry weight)content was also recorded in freeze dried fraction followed by oven and sun drying.The 50%aqueous acetone was found as more efficient solvent for extraction of phenolic constituents.RP-HPLC analysis has revealed presence of quercetin,phloridzin and phloretin as major phenolics.Thus,it is evident from the results that pomace generated at industrial scale can be utilized as a source of dietary food ingredient.

New Chain Imputation Methods for Estimating Population Mean in the Presence of Missing Data Using Two Auxiliary Variables

This article deals with some new chain imputation methods by using two auxiliary variables under missing completely at random(MCAR)approach.The proposed generalized classes of chain imputation methods are tested from the viewpoint of optimality in terms of MSE.The proposed imputation methods can be considered as an efficient extension to the work of Singh and Horn(Metrika 51:267-276,2000),Singh and Deo(Stat Pap 44:555-579,2003),Singh(Stat A J Theor Appl Stat 43(5):499-511,2009),Kadilar and Cingi(Commun Stat Theory Methods 37:2226-2236,2008)and Diana and Perri(Commun Stat Theory Methods 39:3245-3251,2010).The performance of the proposed chain imputation methods is investigated relative to the conventional chain-type imputation methods.The theoretical results are derived and comparative study is conducted and the results are found to be quite encouraging providing the improvement over the discussed work.

Analytical approach to entropy generation and heat transfer in CNT-nanofluid dynamics through a ciliated porous medium

The transportation of biological and industrial nanofluids by natural propulsion like cilia movement and self-generated contraction-relaxation of flexible walls has significant applications in numerous emerging technologies. Inspired by multi-disciplinary progress and innovation in this direction, a thermo-fluid mechanical model is proposed to study the entropy generation and convective heat transfer of nanofluids fabricated by the dispersion of single-wall carbon nanotubes（SWCNT） nanoparticles in water as the base fluid. The regime studied comprises heat transfer and steady, viscous, incompressible flow, induced by metachronal wave propulsion due to beating cilia, through a cylindrical tube containing a sparse（i.e., high permeability） homogenous porous medium. The flow is of the creeping type and is restricted under the low Reynolds number and long wavelength approximations. Slip effects at the wall are incorporated and the generalized Darcy drag-force model is utilized to mimic porous media effects. Cilia boundary conditions for velocity components are employed to determine analytical solutions to the resulting non-dimensionalized boundary value problem. The influence of pertinent physical parameters on temperature, axial velocity, pressure rise and pressure gradient, entropy generation function, Bejan number and stream-line distributions are computed numerically. A comparative study between SWCNT-nanofluids and pure water is also computed. The computations demonstrate that axial flow is accelerated with increasing slip parameter and Darcy number and is greater for SWCNT-nanofluids than for pure water. Furthermore the size of the bolus for SWCNT-nanofluids is larger than that of the pure water. The study is applicable in designing and fabricating nanoscale and microfluidics devices, artificial cilia and biomimetic micro-pumps.

Transient peristaltic diffusion of nanofluids: A model of micropumps in medical engineering

Peristaltic micro-pumps offer an excellent mechanism for delivery of a variety of medicines including drugs, corneal solutions etc. The surge in deployment of nanoparticles in medicine has provided new potential for such pumps. In light of this we investigate the time-dependent peristaltic flow of nanofluids with diffusive effects through a finite non-uniform channel, this geometry being more representative of real micro-pumps. Creeping flow is taken into account(inertial forces are small compared with viscous forces) i.e., Reynolds number is low(Re< 1) and wavelength is also taken to be very large. The Buongiorno formulation for nanofluids is employed with an Oberbeck-Boussinesq approximation. Closed-form solutions are developed for the non-dimensional governing equations subject to physically realistic boundary conditions. Mathematica symbolic software is employed to evaluate the evolution of nanoparticle fraction, temperature, axial velocity, transverse velocity and pressure difference distribution along the length of the pump channel with variation in thermal Grashof number, basic-density(species i.e., mass) Grashof number, Brownian motion parameter and thermophoresis parameter.