Surface Modification of Poly Vinyl Chloride (PVC) Using Low Pressure Argon and Oxygen Plasma

In this study, commercial poly vinyl chloride （PVC） films were treated by oxygen and argon plasmas in a cylindrical glass tube which was surrounded by a DC variable magnetic field, with different sample positions in the plasma reactor and also different exposure durations. Effects of the plasma treatment on the hydrophilic properties of the films were studied by mea- suring the water drop contact angle on the surface of the samples. The surface topography of the untreated and plasma treated films was analyzed and compared by atomic force microscopy （AFM）. The optical characteristic changes in treated samples were investigated using reflective spectrophotometry. Also, the chemical changes which appeared on the surface of the samples were investigated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR）. The results show that the plasma treated PVC becomes more hydrophilic with an enhanced wettability. A sharp de- crease in the water contact angle may also be a consequence of the surface texturization. The aging effect on wettability of the samples was also investigated. The results show that the effect of oxygen plasma on the surface properties of the samples is more pronounced compared with that of argon plasma.

家禽营养需要（NRC）需要更新

最近版本的家禽营养需要（NRC）是十多年前颁布的（1994），由于缺乏资金支持，成立于20世纪初的美国国家研究委员会无法起草新的家禽营养需要，1994年版被许多家禽营养专家和产业经理使用了多年。

英语复习,如何笑对完形填空?

完形填空题以其内容广泛和知识、能力有机结合而备受命题者的青睐．它也是各类英语测试和竞赛中的重点题。且多数同学认为完形填空题是较难的题型之一。

欧美食品包装法规一览

包装产品，特别是食品包装，在全球范围内受到各类法规的约束。这些法规之间的差异，特别是美国的法规和欧盟的法规之间的区别，在于这两者基本政策的不同，而归根结底是因为他们法律制度的不同。因些，包装业内人士想要取得成功必须深入了解这些法规。由于食品包装法规内容复杂且技术性强，此处未能详述，只能简要介绍。

巴黎感官需要

美国知名商品设计及都市评论家Thomas Hine说,Shopping就像做爱。因为,人人都在做,从中探索欲望,或履行责任;有人藉此吹嘘炫耀,有人偷偷摸摸;事后,大家心里多多少少会怀疑自己做得正确不正确。而很多时候,Shopping也为满足基本生理需要,难怪购物重地常被人说成朝圣地,想必"圣"即"性"也。Faire les magasins a Paris,即在巴黎一起快乐shopping。

电子垃圾对包装物回收立法的影响

正如我们先前报道的那样，公众对固体垃圾的管理越来越关注，这也促使电子产品制造商肩负起除产品制造之外的延伸责任，以最大限度地减少电子垃圾的污染。缅因州和加州不同的电子垃圾回收立法就是很好的例子。