Current improvement in substrate structured Sb2S3 solar cells with MoSe2 interlayer

Sb2S3 solar cells with substrate structure usually suffer from pretty low short circuit current(JSC)due to the defects and poor carrier transport.The Sb2S3,as a one-dimensional material,exhibits orientation-dependent carrier transport property.In this work,a thin MoSe2 layer is directly synthesized on the Mo substrate followed by depositing the Sb2S3 thin film.The x-ray diffraction(XRD)patterns confirm that a thin MoSe2 layer can improve the crystallization of the Sb2S3 film and induce(hk1)orientations,which can provide more carrier transport channels.Kelvin probe force microscopy(KPFM)results suggest that this modified Sb2S3 film has a benign surface with less defects and dangling bonds.The variation of the surface potential of Sb2S3 indicates a much more efficient carrier separation.Consequently,the power conversion efficiency(PCE)of the substrate structured Sb2S3 thin film solar cell is improved from 1.36%to 1.86%,which is the best efficiency of the substrate structured Sb2S3 thin film solar cell,and JSC significantly increases to 13.6 mA/cm^2.According to the external quantum efficiency(EQE)and C-V measurements,the modified crystallization and elevated built-in electric field are the main causes.

Methods for Derivation of Density Matrix of Arbitrary Multi-Mode Gaussian States from Its Phase Space Representation

We present a method for derivation of the density matrix of an arbitrary multi-mode continuous variable Gaussian entangled state from its phase space representation.An explicit computer algorithm is given to reconstruct the density matrix from Gaussian covariance matrix and quadrature average values.As an example,we apply our method to the derivation of three-mode symmetric continuous variable entangled state.Our method can be used to analyze the entanglement and correlation in continuous variable quantum network with multi-mode quantum entanglement states.

N,P Co-Doped Carbon Dots as Multifunctional Fluorescence Nano-Sensor for Sensitive and Selective Detection of Cr(Ⅵ) and Ascorbic Acid

It is particularly important to monitor Cr(Ⅵ)for its high toxicity.In this paper,a novel,simple,low-cost and"on-off-on"fluorescence sensor of carbon dots doped with nitrogen and phosphorus(N,P-CDs)was developed via one-step hydrothermal method for highly sensitive and good selective detection of Cr(Ⅵ)and ascorbic acid(AA).The prepared N,P-CDs exhibited the ability for detection of Cr(Ⅵ)based on the inner filter effect(IFE)and static quenching.Under optimized conditions,the fluorescence quenching efficiency of N,P-CDs showed a good linear correlation with Cr(Ⅵ)concentration ranged from0.68 to 87.38μmol/L(R^(2)=0.9946).The limit of detection(LOD)was 0.18μmol/L,which was acceptable compared with the maximum Cr(Ⅵ)concentration of 0.96μmol/L in drinking water prescribed by WHO.In addition,the N,P-CDs/Cr(Ⅵ)hybrid were also used as"turn-on"fluorescent transducers for detecting AA with a wide linear region ranged from 0.02 to933.33μmol/L(R^(2)=0.9972).Furthermore,the N,P-CDs fluorescence sensor had admissible applicability for Cr(Ⅵ)and AA detection in actual water samples with acceptable recovery rate,indicating that the fluorescence sensor had great application potential in environmental monitoring and food field.