Machine learning prediction model for gray-level co-occurrence matrix features of synchronous liver metastasis in colorectal cancer

BACKGROUND Synchronous liver metastasis(SLM)is a significant contributor to morbidity in colorectal cancer(CRC).There are no effective predictive device integration algorithms to predict adverse SLM events during the diagnosis of CRC.AIM To explore the risk factors for SLM in CRC and construct a visual prediction model based on gray-level co-occurrence matrix(GLCM)features collected from magnetic resonance imaging(MRI).METHODS Our study retrospectively enrolled 392 patients with CRC from Yichang Central People’s Hospital from January 2015 to May 2023.Patients were randomly divided into a training and validation group(3:7).The clinical parameters and GLCM features extracted from MRI were included as candidate variables.The prediction model was constructed using a generalized linear regression model,random forest model(RFM),and artificial neural network model.Receiver operating characteristic curves and decision curves were used to evaluate the prediction model.RESULTS Among the 392 patients,48 had SLM(12.24%).We obtained fourteen GLCM imaging data for variable screening of SLM prediction models.Inverse difference,mean sum,sum entropy,sum variance,sum of squares,energy,and difference variance were listed as candidate variables,and the prediction efficiency(area under the curve)of the subsequent RFM in the training set and internal validation set was 0.917[95%confidence interval(95%CI):0.866-0.968]and 0.09(95%CI:0.858-0.960),respectively.CONCLUSION A predictive model combining GLCM image features with machine learning can predict SLM in CRC.This model can assist clinicians in making timely and personalized clinical decisions.

血清补体C3、C4水平与视神经炎的相关性分析

目的:探讨外周血血清补体C3、C4水平与视神经炎的相关性。方法:病例对照研究设计。收集2018-01/08在复旦大学附属眼耳鼻喉科医院确诊为视神经炎的患者137例作为研究组,同时收集体检中心健康者147例作为对照组。采用罗氏全自动生化分析仪测定两组血清补体C3、C4水平。对两组外周血血清补体C3、C4水平进行单因素、多因素Logistic回归分析,并采用受试者工作特性(ROC)曲线探讨外周血补体C3、C4水平对视神经炎的诊断价值。结果:研究组血清补体C3水平(96.17±17.93mg/dL)、C4水平(22.41±7.53mg/dL)均显著低于对照组水平(108.85±15.94、24.55±6.37mg/dL)(P<0.05)。多因素Logistic回归分析发现:补体C3水平下降(OR=1.048,P<0.001,95%CI:1.031~1.065),补体C4水平下降(OR=1.045,P=0.014,95%CI:1.009~1.083)为视神经炎发病的危险因素。结论:视神经炎患者外周血血清补体C3和C4水平相比对照组均显著降低,外周血补体C3和C4水平下降可能为视神经炎发病的独立危险因素。

外周血红细胞体积分布宽度与原发性闭角型青光眼的相关性研究

目的:检测原发性闭角型青光眼(PACG)患者外周血红细胞体积分布宽度(RDW)变化水平。方法:采用回顾性病例对照研究。收集2019-02/2020-10在本院确诊的PACG住院患者306例和体检正常者126名。根据平均视野缺损(MD)大小,将PACG患者分为轻度组(MD≤6dB)、中度组(6<MD≤12dB)和重度组(MD>12dB)。收集纳入研究对象的眼科检查数据和人口学资料。采用全血细胞分析仪和全自动生化分析仪对外周血(RDW)、红细胞计数(RBC)、平均红细胞体积(MCV)、血红蛋白含量(HG)、白细胞计数(WBC)、谷丙转氨酶(ALT)和血清肌酐(Cr)等指标进行检测分析。结果:PACG组与对照组间年龄、性别、体质量指数、高血压和糖尿病疾病史无差异(P>0.05)。PACG组RDW水平(12.64%±0.96%)高于对照组(12.45%±0.49%)(t=2.132,P=0.034)。轻度PACG组RDW水平显著低于中度PACG组和重度PACG组(P<0.05)。Pearson相关分析显示,PACG组RDW水平与IOP(r=0.148,P=0.002)、MD(r=0.141,P=0.013)呈正相关、与MS(r=-0.154,P=0.007)呈负相关。多因素线性回归分析显示RDW对MD具有正向影响(β=1.405,P=0.018,95%CI:0.240~2.570)。结论:PACG患者RDW水平高于正常,且RDW水平可以评估PACG疾病进展情况。

Error Bounds for Generalized Mixed Vector Equilibrium Problems via a Minimax Strategy

In this paper,by using scalarization techniques and a minimax strategy,error bound results in terms of gap functions for a generalized mixed vector equilibrium problem are established,where the solutions for vector problems may be general sets under natural assumptions,but are not limited to singletons.The other essentially equivalent approach via a separation principle is analyzed.Special cases to the classical vector equilibrium problem and vector variational inequality are also discussed.

Painlev-Kuratowski Convergences of the Solution Sets to Perturbed Generalized Systems

In this paper, we obtain the Painleve-Kuratowski Convergence of the efficient solution sets, the weak efficient solution sets and various proper efficient solution sets for the perturbed generalized system with a sequence of mappings converging in a real locally convex Hausdorff topological vector spaces.

Variational quantum algorithms for trace norms and their applications

The trace norm of matrices plays an important role in quantum information and quantum computing. How to quantify it in today’s noisy intermediate scale quantum(NISQ) devices is a crucial task for information processing. In this paper, we present three variational quantum algorithms on NISQ devices to estimate the trace norms corresponding to different situations.Compared with the previous methods, our means greatly reduce the requirement for quantum resources. Numerical experiments are provided to illustrate the effectiveness of our algorithms.

Upper Semicontinuity of Parametric Lexicographic Vector Equilibrium Problems

In this paper, lexicographic vector equilibrium problems are investigated. By using the idea of sequential process, the upper semicontinuity and closedness of the solution set map are established for a parametric lexicographic strong vector equilibrium problem.

Enhancing the photoelectrocatalytic performance of metal-free graphdiyne-based catalyst

As a new member of the carbon family,graphdiyne is an intrinsic semiconductor featuring a natural bandgap,which endues it potential for direct application in photoelectric devices.However,without cooperating with other active materials,conventional hexacetylene-benzene graphdiyne(HEB-GDY)shows poor performances in photocatalysis and photoelectric devices due to its non-ideal visible light absorption,low separation efficiency of the photogenerated carriers and insufficient sites for hydrogen production.Herein,we report a molecular engineering strategy for the regulation of GDY-based carbon materials,by incorporating a strong pyrene absorption group into the matrix of graphdiyne,to obtain pyrenyl graphdiyne(Pyr-GDY)nanofibers through a modified Glaser-Hay coupling reaction of 1,3,6,8-tetraethynylpyrene(TEP)monomers.For comparison,phenyl graphdiyne(Phe-GDY)nanosheets were also constructed using 1,3,4,6-tetraethynylbenzene(TEB)as a monomer.Compared with Phe-GDY,Pyr-GDY exhibits a wider visible light absorption band,promoted efficiency of the charge separation/transport and more sufficient active sites for water reduction.As a result,Pyr-GDY alone displays superior photoelectrocatalytic performance for water splitting,giving a cathode photocurrent density of^138μA cm-2 at a potential of-0.1 Vversus normal hydrogen electrode(NHE)in neutral aqueous solution,which is almost ten and twelve times as high as those of Phe-GDY(14μA cm-2)and HEB-GDY(12μA cm-2),respectively.Such a performance is also superior to those of most reported carbonbased metal-free photocathode.The results of theoretical calculations reveal that the carbon atoms in the acetylene bonds are the active sites for proton reduction.This work offers a new strategy for the construction of graphdiyne-based metal-free photoelectrocatalysts with enhanced photoelectrocatalytic performance.

New Second-order Contingent Epiderivatives and Set-valued Optimization Problems

In this paper, we introduce the concept of second-order compound contingent epiderivative for set-valued maps and discuss its relationship to the second-order contingent epiderivative. Simultaneously, we also investigate some special properties of the second-order compound contingent epiderivative. By virtue of the second-order compound contingent epiderivative, we establish some unified second-order sufficient and necessary optimality conditions for set-valued optimization problems. All results in this paper generalize the corresponding results in the literature.

Some Minimax Problems in Lexicographic Order

In this paper, minimax theorems and saddle points for a class of vector-valued mappings f（x, y） = u（x） ＋ β（x）v（y） are first investigated in the sense of lexicographic order, where u, v are two general vector-valued mappings and β is a non-negative real-valued function. Then, by applying the existence theorem of lexicographic saddle point, we investigate a lexicographic equilibrium problem and establish an equivalent relationship between the lexicographic saddle point theorem and existence theorem of a lexicographic equilibrium problem for vector-valued mappings.

Continuity of Solutions for Parametric Set Optimization Problems via Scalarization Methods

The aim of this paper is to investigate the continuity of solution mappings for para-metric set optimization problems with upper and lower set less order relations by scalarization methods.First,we recall some linear and nonlinear scalarization prop-erties used to characterize the set order relations.Subsequently,we introduce new monotonicity concepts of the set-valued mapping by linear and nonlinear scalarization methods.Finally,we obtain the semicontinuity and closedness of solution mappings for parametric set optimization problems(both convex and nonconvex cases)under the monotonicity assumption and other suitable conditions.The results achieved do not impose the continuity of the set-valued objective mapping,which are obviously different from the related ones in the literature.

β-Cyclodextrin Decorated CdS Nanocrystals Boosting the Photocatalytic Conversion of Alcohols

Regarding the utilization of semiconductor nanocrystals(NCs)in photocatalysis,the significant challenge is to eliminate the hindrance of decorated surface ligands on the photocarrier transport while maintaining their overall stability.Herein,we report a novel and stable catalyst comprising CdS NCs and surfacebound mono-(6-mercapto-6-deoxy)-β-cyclodextrin(HS-β-CD)molecules(denoted as CdS-CD),which could convert alcohols selectively into diols or aldehydes and H2 under visible light irradiation,with 100%atomutilization,using an aqueous medium as a green solvent.The decoratedβ-CD ligands did not only confer a good stability of CdS-CD in water but also showed a high host–guest affinity to the alcohol species,thereby,guaranteeing a close vicinity of alcohol molecules at the surface of CdS NCs and minimizing the hindrance of surface ligands on the photocarrier transport.As a result,the CdS-CD displayed much improved photocatalytic activity for the conversion of alcohols in aqueous media,compared with those of CdS-BF_(4)NCs.