The MabHLH11 transcription factor interacting with MaMYB4 acts additively in increasing plant scopolin biosynthesis

The plant natural product scopolin,a coumarin secondary metabolite,has been extensively exploited in flavor,cosmetic,medicine,and other industrial fields.Melilotus albus,a leguminous rotation crop,contains high concentrations of coumarin.The transcriptional regulatory network that controls the flow through the scopolin biosynthesis pipeline in M.albus remains poorly understood.MabHLH11 encodes a basic helix–loop–helix(bHLH)transcription factor whose transcription is positively associated with scopolin accumulation and with the expression of MaMYB4,the bHLH partner of the MYB-bHLH complex.Phylogenetic analysis grouped MabHLH11 in the TRANSPARENT TESTA 8(TT8)clade of the bHLH IIIf subgroup.The MabHLH11 protein contained an MYB-interacting region and physically interacted with MaMYB4 in yeast and tobacco leaves.Co-overexpression of MabHLH11 with MaMYB4 in M.albus additively increased the expression of UDP-glucosyltransferase(MaUGT79)and induced more scopolin accumulation than occurred under the expression of MabHLH11 alone.MabHLH11 directly targeted the promoter of MaUGT79 and the activation of MabHLH11 was strengthened by the presence of MaMYB4.Thus,MaMYB4 enhanced the function of MabHLH11 in upregulating scopolin biosynthesis in M.albus,providing a theoretical basis for scalable production of a high-value plant natural product.

Improved Qualitative Trajectory Calculus for Pair-Activity Analysis

Trajectory provides the most robust feature for activity recognition in far-field surveillance videos,in which increasing attentions have been given to the use of qualitative methods with symbolic rather than real-value features.Qualitative trajectory calculus(QTC)showed a good performance in pair-activity from video.However,QTC and similar works are not good at dealing with noise,since they are all considering short-term features.To deal with the problems mentioned above,two types of long-term features,including sub-trajectory feature and point-trajectory feature,are designed.The sub-trajectory feature is a long-term feature in a coarse granularity,while the point-trajectory feature is a long-term feature in a relatively fine granularity.Using the sub-trajectory feature,a couple of trajectories are segmented into sub-trajectories and enveloping boxes are used to substitute the original sub-trajectory for capturing the major attributes.The point-trajectory feature describes the relationship between a single point in one trajectory and all parts of the other trajectory.The experiments on the human activity classification data demonstrated that our proposed methods are better than the original QTC and previous short-term features.

Feature Selection with Fluid Mechanics Inspired Particle Swarm Optimization for Microarray Data

Deoxyribonucleic acid（ DNA） microarray gene expression data has been widely utilized in the field of functional genomics,since it is helpful to study cancer,cells,tissues,organisms etc.But the sample sizes are relatively small compared to the number of genes,so feature selection is very necessary to reduce complexity and increase the classification accuracy of samples. In this paper,a completely newimprovement over particle swarm optimization（ PSO） based on fluid mechanics is proposed for the feature selection. This newimprovement simulates the spontaneous process of the air from high pressure to lowpressure,therefore it allows for a search through all possible solution spaces and prevents particles from getting trapped in a local optimum. The experiment shows that,this newimproved algorithm had an elaborate feature simplification which achieved a very precise and significant accuracy in the classification of 8 among the 11 datasets,and it is much better in comparison with other methods for feature selection.

A Dynamic Interval Based Circular Safe Region Algorithm for Continuous Queries on Moving Objects

Moving object database (MOD) engine is the foundation of Location-Based Service (LBS) information systems. Continuous queries are important in spatial-temporal reasoning of a MOD. The communication costs were the bottleneck for improving query efficiency until the rectangular safe region algorithm partly solved this problem. However, this algorithm can be further improved, as we demonstrate with the dynamic interval based continuous queries algorithm on moving objects. Two components, circular safe region and dynamic intervals were adopted by our algorithm. Theoretical proof and experimental results show that our algorithm substantially outperforms the traditional periodic monitoring and the rectangular safe region algorithm in terms of monitoring accuracy, reducing communication costs and server CPU time. Moreover, in our algorithm, the mobile terminals do not need to have any computational ability.

Improved fluid search optimization-based real-time weed mapping

In the field of agriculture,variable-rate herbicide spraying(VRHS)technology has been used to solve the low efficiency of pesticides and crop chemical residues.The key of VRHS is the quick and precise identification of weeds from field images,which forms a weed map.Fluid search optimization(FSO)was able to simplify the threshold optimization process to create a weed map,which simulated the fluid flowing from high pressure to low pressure,but it is time consuming and often converges prematurely.So,an explosion mechanism and a twophase optimization were introduced to improve the FSO-based segmentation algorithm.Experiments of segmentation weeds from a corn field at seedling growth stage showed that the IFSO algorithm obtained the best accuracy of 93.3%and the least running time of 0.019 s,compared with the standard PSO,GA,and FSO algorithms.

Potential analysis of an automatic transplanting method for healthy potted seedlings using computer vision

Healthy seedlings transplanting is an important process in the production of vegetables and economic crops,and the transplanting quality directly affects crop yield.Automatic seedlings transplanting can improve the transplanting efficiency of seedlings.We developed a physical prototype of potted seedling automatic transplanting with a conveyor and a transplanting end-effector in the previous study.This work proposed an automatic transplanting method of healthy potted seedlings,which mainly included a detection part of seedlings growth status and a visual servo control part with the purpose of automatic transplanting seedlings high-efficiently.The seedlings and the tray cell were simultaneously detected for identifying healthy seedlings,damaged seedlings and empty cells using a machine vision algorithm when the tray was moving on the conveyor line.The visual servo model was applied to enable the collaborative operation of the machine vision and the end-effector for determining the position and attitude of grasping seedlings.The experimental results showed that the accuracy rates of the identification of empty tray cells,healthy seedling and unhealthy seedling were 96.42%,98.77%and 89.95%,respectively.Under the successful identification of the healthy seedling,the accuracy rate of grasping seedling was 96.38%.It implied that our proposed method can effectively transplant seedlings.