【目的】旨在明确不同翅型棉蚜体内细菌差异,探究体内细菌与棉蚜翅型分化间的关系。【方法】通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序分别对有翅型和无翅型棉蚜体内细菌16S r RNA基因V3~V4区进行测序,并根据测序结果进行操作分类单元(operational...【目的】旨在明确不同翅型棉蚜体内细菌差异,探究体内细菌与棉蚜翅型分化间的关系。【方法】通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序分别对有翅型和无翅型棉蚜体内细菌16S r RNA基因V3~V4区进行测序,并根据测序结果进行操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)聚类分析、α多样性分析、菌种组成与分类等分析。【结果】在所有棉蚜样本中共鉴定出234个体内细菌OTU,隶属于16门、32纲、64目、107科、148属、187种,其中布赫纳氏菌属(Buchnera)是优势菌属。2种翅型棉蚜体内细菌多样性不同:无翅型(隶属于12门、23纲、50目、82科、106属、136种)略高于有翅型(隶属于14门、26纲、45目、72科、97属、120种)。多种体内细菌的相对丰度在2种翅型棉蚜中存在显著差异。其中:红球菌属(Rhodococcus)细菌在有翅型棉蚜中的相对丰度较高(0.136%),而在无翅型棉蚜中较低(0.078%);未分类的蓝藻纲细菌在有翅型棉蚜体内相对丰度较低(0.005%),而在无翅型棉蚜中较高(0.024%)。【结论】有翅型和无翅型棉蚜的体内细菌组成和群落结构存在一定的差异。该研究拓展了对棉蚜翅二型现象的认知。展开更多
In this paper,a new storage method for the three-dimensional temperature field data based on artificial neural network(ANN)was proposed.A multilayer perceptron that takes the coordinate(x,y,z)as inputs and temperature...In this paper,a new storage method for the three-dimensional temperature field data based on artificial neural network(ANN)was proposed.A multilayer perceptron that takes the coordinate(x,y,z)as inputs and temperature T as output,is used to fit the three-dimension-al welding temperature field.Effect of number of ANN layers and number of neurons on the fitting errors is investigated.It is found that the errors decrease with the number of hidden layers and neural numbers per layers generally.When the number of hidden layers increases from 1 to 6,the maximum temperature error decreases from 74.74℃to less than 2℃.The three-dimensional temperature field data is obtained by finite element simulation,and the experimental verification is completed by comparing the simulation peak temperatures with the measured results.As an example,an ANN with 4 hidden layers and 12 neurons in each layer were applied to test the performance of the proposed method in storage of the three-dimensional temperature field data during friction stir welding.It is found that the average error between the temperature data stored in ANN and the original simulation data that stored point-by-point is 0.517℃,and the error on the maximum temper-ature is 0.193℃,while the occupied disk space is only 0.27%of that is required in the conventional point-by-point storage.展开更多
Background:Aphis gossypii Glover(Hemiptera:Aphididae),a worldwide polyphagous phloem-feeding agricultural pest,has three wing morphs(winged parthenogenetic female,gynopara,and male)in the life cycle.The exclusive male...Background:Aphis gossypii Glover(Hemiptera:Aphididae),a worldwide polyphagous phloem-feeding agricultural pest,has three wing morphs(winged parthenogenetic female,gynopara,and male)in the life cycle.The exclusive males could fly from summer hosts to winter hosts,which are essential for gene exchanges of cotton aphid populations from different hosts or regions.However,the molecular mechanism of wing differentiation of male in A.gossypii remains unclear.Results:Morphological observation of male A.gossypii showed that there is no distinct difference in the external morphologies of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs.The obvious differentiation of wing buds started in the 3rd instar nymph and was visible via naked eyes in the 4th instar nymphal stage,then adult male emerged with full wings.According to morphological dynamic changes,the development of wings in males were divided into four stages:preliminary stage(the 1st instar to 2nd instar),prophase(the 3rd instar),metaphase(the 4th instar),anaphase(the 5th instar).Results of feeding behavior monitoring via EPG(electrical penetration graph)technology indicated that although the male cotton aphids had strong desire to feed(longer duration of C 55.24%,F 5.05%and Pd waves 2.56%),its feeding efficiency to summer host cotton was low(shorter E13.56%and E2 waves 2.63%).Dynamic transcriptome analysis of male aphid at 5 different developmental periods showed that in the 3rd instar nymph,the number of up-regulated DEGs was significant increased,and time-course gene transcriptional pattern analyses results also showed that numerous genes categorized in clusters 3,5,and 8 had the highest expressed levels,which were consistent with morphological changes of wing buds.These results indicate that the 3rd instar nymph is the critical stage of wing bud differentiation in males.Furthermore,through pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs and WGCNA,it revealed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,Ras signaling pathway,dopaminergic synapse,circadian entrainment and the corresponding hub genes of PLK1,BUB1,SMC2,TUBG,ASPM,the kinesin family members(KIF23,KIF20,KIF18-19)and the novel subfamily of serine/threonine(Aurora kinase A and Aurora kinase B)probably played an important role in the critical stage of wing bud differentiation.Conclusion:This study explored morphological changes and genes transcriptional dynamics males in cotton aphid,revealed the phenomenon of low feeding efficiency of winged males on summer host cotton,and identified key signaling pathways and potential hub genes potentially involved in wing bud differentiation of male in A.gossypii.展开更多
文摘【目的】旨在明确不同翅型棉蚜体内细菌差异,探究体内细菌与棉蚜翅型分化间的关系。【方法】通过Illumina Mi Seq高通量测序分别对有翅型和无翅型棉蚜体内细菌16S r RNA基因V3~V4区进行测序,并根据测序结果进行操作分类单元(operational taxonomic unit, OTU)聚类分析、α多样性分析、菌种组成与分类等分析。【结果】在所有棉蚜样本中共鉴定出234个体内细菌OTU,隶属于16门、32纲、64目、107科、148属、187种,其中布赫纳氏菌属(Buchnera)是优势菌属。2种翅型棉蚜体内细菌多样性不同:无翅型(隶属于12门、23纲、50目、82科、106属、136种)略高于有翅型(隶属于14门、26纲、45目、72科、97属、120种)。多种体内细菌的相对丰度在2种翅型棉蚜中存在显著差异。其中:红球菌属(Rhodococcus)细菌在有翅型棉蚜中的相对丰度较高(0.136%),而在无翅型棉蚜中较低(0.078%);未分类的蓝藻纲细菌在有翅型棉蚜体内相对丰度较低(0.005%),而在无翅型棉蚜中较高(0.024%)。【结论】有翅型和无翅型棉蚜的体内细菌组成和群落结构存在一定的差异。该研究拓展了对棉蚜翅二型现象的认知。
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant No.52175334)the Award Cultivation Foundation from Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology(Project No.BIPTACF-009).
文摘In this paper,a new storage method for the three-dimensional temperature field data based on artificial neural network(ANN)was proposed.A multilayer perceptron that takes the coordinate(x,y,z)as inputs and temperature T as output,is used to fit the three-dimension-al welding temperature field.Effect of number of ANN layers and number of neurons on the fitting errors is investigated.It is found that the errors decrease with the number of hidden layers and neural numbers per layers generally.When the number of hidden layers increases from 1 to 6,the maximum temperature error decreases from 74.74℃to less than 2℃.The three-dimensional temperature field data is obtained by finite element simulation,and the experimental verification is completed by comparing the simulation peak temperatures with the measured results.As an example,an ANN with 4 hidden layers and 12 neurons in each layer were applied to test the performance of the proposed method in storage of the three-dimensional temperature field data during friction stir welding.It is found that the average error between the temperature data stored in ANN and the original simulation data that stored point-by-point is 0.517℃,and the error on the maximum temper-ature is 0.193℃,while the occupied disk space is only 0.27%of that is required in the conventional point-by-point storage.
基金funded by National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.32102214)Special Fund for Basic Public Welfare Research of Institute of Cotton Research of CAAS(No.1610162020020604).
文摘Background:Aphis gossypii Glover(Hemiptera:Aphididae),a worldwide polyphagous phloem-feeding agricultural pest,has three wing morphs(winged parthenogenetic female,gynopara,and male)in the life cycle.The exclusive males could fly from summer hosts to winter hosts,which are essential for gene exchanges of cotton aphid populations from different hosts or regions.However,the molecular mechanism of wing differentiation of male in A.gossypii remains unclear.Results:Morphological observation of male A.gossypii showed that there is no distinct difference in the external morphologies of the 1st and 2nd instar nymphs.The obvious differentiation of wing buds started in the 3rd instar nymph and was visible via naked eyes in the 4th instar nymphal stage,then adult male emerged with full wings.According to morphological dynamic changes,the development of wings in males were divided into four stages:preliminary stage(the 1st instar to 2nd instar),prophase(the 3rd instar),metaphase(the 4th instar),anaphase(the 5th instar).Results of feeding behavior monitoring via EPG(electrical penetration graph)technology indicated that although the male cotton aphids had strong desire to feed(longer duration of C 55.24%,F 5.05%and Pd waves 2.56%),its feeding efficiency to summer host cotton was low(shorter E13.56%and E2 waves 2.63%).Dynamic transcriptome analysis of male aphid at 5 different developmental periods showed that in the 3rd instar nymph,the number of up-regulated DEGs was significant increased,and time-course gene transcriptional pattern analyses results also showed that numerous genes categorized in clusters 3,5,and 8 had the highest expressed levels,which were consistent with morphological changes of wing buds.These results indicate that the 3rd instar nymph is the critical stage of wing bud differentiation in males.Furthermore,through pathway enrichment analysis of DEGs and WGCNA,it revealed that the neuroactive ligand-receptor interaction,Ras signaling pathway,dopaminergic synapse,circadian entrainment and the corresponding hub genes of PLK1,BUB1,SMC2,TUBG,ASPM,the kinesin family members(KIF23,KIF20,KIF18-19)and the novel subfamily of serine/threonine(Aurora kinase A and Aurora kinase B)probably played an important role in the critical stage of wing bud differentiation.Conclusion:This study explored morphological changes and genes transcriptional dynamics males in cotton aphid,revealed the phenomenon of low feeding efficiency of winged males on summer host cotton,and identified key signaling pathways and potential hub genes potentially involved in wing bud differentiation of male in A.gossypii.
