In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling ...In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling of the nanotube diameter and the specific surface area of holistic TiO2 films. When the hydrothermal process reaction time is up to 8 hours, the diameter of the nanotuhe is about 10 nm, and the specific surface area of TiO2 nanoforest films reaches the maximum. CdS nanoparticles are synthesized on TiO2 nanoforest films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction （SILAR） technique. The transmission electron microscope （TEM） and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy （EDX） mapping results verify that TiOz/CdS heterostructures are realized. A significant red-shift of the absorption edge from 380 nm to 540 nm can be observed after the pure TiO2 film is sensitized by CdS nanoparticles. Under irradiation of light, the current density of the optimal TiO2/CdS photoanode is 2.30 mA.cm-2 at 0 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode （SCE）, which is 6 times stronger than that of the pure TiO2 photoanode. This study suggests that the TiO2 nanoforest consisting of interlinked pony-size nanotubes is a promising nanostructure for photoelectrochemical.展开更多
In this review, we focus on the pathway of biogenesis of HDL, the essential role of apoA-I, ATP binding cassette transporter A1（ABCA1）, and lecithin： cholesterol acyltransferase（LCAT） in the formation of plasma H...In this review, we focus on the pathway of biogenesis of HDL, the essential role of apoA-I, ATP binding cassette transporter A1（ABCA1）, and lecithin： cholesterol acyltransferase（LCAT） in the formation of plasma HDL; the generation of aberrant forms of HDL containing mutant apoA-I forms and the role of apoA-IV and apoE in the formation of distinct HDL subpopulations. The biogenesis of HDL requires functional interactions of the ABCA1 with apoA-I（and to a lesser extent with apoE and apoA-IV） and subsequent interactions of the nascent HDL species thus formed with LCAT. Mutations in apoA-I, ABCA1 and LCAT either prevent or impair the formation of HDL and may also affect the functionality of the HDL species formed. Emphasis is placed on three categories of apoA-I mutations. The first category describes a unique bio-engineered apoA-I mutation that disrupts interactions between apoA-I and ABCA1 and generates aberrant prep HDL subpopulations that cannot be converted efficiently to a subpopulations by LCAT. The second category describes natural and bio-engineered apoA-I mutations that generate preβ and small size a4 HDL subpopulations, and are associated with low plasma HDL levels. These phenotypes can be corrected by excess LCAT. The third category describes bio-engineered apoA-I mutations that induce hypertriglyceridemia that can be corrected by excess lipoprotein lipase and also have defective maturation of HDL.The HDL phenotypes described here may serve in the future for diagnosis, prognoses and potential treatment of abnormalities that affect the biogenesis and functionality of HDL.展开更多
Maintaining low modulus while endowing the wide-range linear stretchability to wearable or implantable devices is crucial for these devices to reduce the mechanical mismatch between the devices and human skin/tissue i...Maintaining low modulus while endowing the wide-range linear stretchability to wearable or implantable devices is crucial for these devices to reduce the mechanical mismatch between the devices and human skin/tissue interfaces.However,improving linear stretchability often results in an increased modulus of stretchable electronic materials,which hinders their conformability in long-term quantifiable monitoring of organs.Herein,we develop a hybrid structure involving interlocking low-modulus porous elastomers(Ecoflex-0030)and MXene-based hydrogels with crosslinking networks of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and MXene.This hydrogel–elastomer structure exhibits superior performance compared with previous reports,with a wide linear stretchability strain range from 0 to 1000%and maintaining a low modulus of 6.4 kPa.Moreover,the hydrogel–elastomer hybrids can be utilized as highly sensitive strain sensors with remarkable characteristics,including high sensitivity(gauge factor~3.52),a linear correlation between the resistance and strain(0–200%),rapid response(0.18 s)and recovery times(0.21 s),and excellent electrical reproducibility(1000 loading–unloading cycles).Those electrical and mechanical properties allow the sensor to act as a suitable quantifiable equipment in organ monitoring,human activities detecting,and human–machine interactions.展开更多
If a failure in the components of a photovoltaic(PV)system,such as PV module,controller,inverter,load,cable,etc.goes undetected and uncorrected,it can seriously affect the efficiency,safety,and reliability of the enti...If a failure in the components of a photovoltaic(PV)system,such as PV module,controller,inverter,load,cable,etc.goes undetected and uncorrected,it can seriously affect the efficiency,safety,and reliability of the entire PV power plant.In addition,fires can occur if specific faults,such as arc,ground,and line-to-line faults remain unresolved.Therefore,PV system(PVS)fault diagnoses are crucial for PV power plant reliability,efficiency,and safety.Many fault diagnosis methods and techniques for PVS components have been developed.In addition,with the development of PV devices,more advanced and intelligent diagnostic technologies are continuously being researched and developed.However,a systematic and thorough analysis,summary,and conclusion are still urgently required.Thus,this paper introduces the types,causes,and impacts of PVS faults,and reviews and discusses the methods proposed in the literature for PVS fault diagnosis,and in particular,failures in PV arrays.Special attention is paid to the optimization direction of various fault diagnosis methods under different priorities,and their limitations,feasibility,complexity,and cost-effectiveness.Finally,challenges and suggestions are put forward for future research.展开更多
Brain-machine interface(BMI)is a device that translates neuronal information into commands,which is capable of controlling external software or hardware,such as a computer or robotic arm.In consequence,the electrodes ...Brain-machine interface(BMI)is a device that translates neuronal information into commands,which is capable of controlling external software or hardware,such as a computer or robotic arm.In consequence,the electrodes with desirable electrical and mechanical properties for direct interacting between neural tissues and machines serves as the crucial and critical part of BMI technology.Nowadays,the development of material science provides many advanced electrodes for neural stimulating and recording.Particularly,the widespread applications of nanotechnologies have innovatively introduced biocompatible electrode that can have similar characteristics with neural tissue.This paper reviews the existing problems and discusses the latest development of electrode materials for BMI,including conducting polymers,silicon,carbon nanowires,graphene,and hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials.In addition,we will inspect at the technical and scientific challenges in the development of neural electrode for a broad application of BMI with focus on the biocompatibility,mechanical mismatch,and electrical performance of electrode materials.展开更多
This paper proposes a grid synchronization control strategy for the grid-connected voltage source converters(VSCs)based on the voltage dynamics of the DC-link capacitor in the VSC.The voltage dynamics of the DC-link c...This paper proposes a grid synchronization control strategy for the grid-connected voltage source converters(VSCs)based on the voltage dynamics of the DC-link capacitor in the VSC.The voltage dynamics of the DC-link capacitor are used to regulate the frequency and phase angle of the inner potential of the VSC,synchronizing the VSC with grid.Firstly,in the proposed strategy,the active power regulation and grid synchronization of the VSC are combined,which are separated in the traditional control strategy.This can avoid the instability of the VSC in a weak grid with a low short circuit ratio(SCR),aroused by the dynamic interaction between the separated control loops in traditional control strategies.Secondly,the energy stored in the DC-link capacitor is directly coupled with the grid via the inner potential of the VSC,and the inertia characteristic is naturally featured in the inner potential by the proposed strategy.With the increase of the capacitance,the natural inertial response of the VSC is helpful to improve the grid frequency dynamic.Finally,simulation results are presented to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy in the enhancement of the grid frequency and voltage dynamic support capability.展开更多
基金Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(Grant Nos.51272086 and 11704004)the Technology Development Program of Jilin Province,China(Grant No.20130206078GX)the Natural Science Foundation of Anhui Province,China(Grant No.1808085QA20)
文摘In this study, YiO2 nanoforest films consisting of nanotubes have been synthesized by a simple hydrothermal method and a subsequent sintering technique. The hydrothermal reaction time is important for the controlling of the nanotube diameter and the specific surface area of holistic TiO2 films. When the hydrothermal process reaction time is up to 8 hours, the diameter of the nanotuhe is about 10 nm, and the specific surface area of TiO2 nanoforest films reaches the maximum. CdS nanoparticles are synthesized on TiO2 nanoforest films by the successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction （SILAR） technique. The transmission electron microscope （TEM） and energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy （EDX） mapping results verify that TiOz/CdS heterostructures are realized. A significant red-shift of the absorption edge from 380 nm to 540 nm can be observed after the pure TiO2 film is sensitized by CdS nanoparticles. Under irradiation of light, the current density of the optimal TiO2/CdS photoanode is 2.30 mA.cm-2 at 0 V relative to the saturated calomel electrode （SCE）, which is 6 times stronger than that of the pure TiO2 photoanode. This study suggests that the TiO2 nanoforest consisting of interlinked pony-size nanotubes is a promising nanostructure for photoelectrochemical.
基金supported by National Institute of Health Grant HL-48739 and HL-68216
文摘In this review, we focus on the pathway of biogenesis of HDL, the essential role of apoA-I, ATP binding cassette transporter A1（ABCA1）, and lecithin： cholesterol acyltransferase（LCAT） in the formation of plasma HDL; the generation of aberrant forms of HDL containing mutant apoA-I forms and the role of apoA-IV and apoE in the formation of distinct HDL subpopulations. The biogenesis of HDL requires functional interactions of the ABCA1 with apoA-I（and to a lesser extent with apoE and apoA-IV） and subsequent interactions of the nascent HDL species thus formed with LCAT. Mutations in apoA-I, ABCA1 and LCAT either prevent or impair the formation of HDL and may also affect the functionality of the HDL species formed. Emphasis is placed on three categories of apoA-I mutations. The first category describes a unique bio-engineered apoA-I mutation that disrupts interactions between apoA-I and ABCA1 and generates aberrant prep HDL subpopulations that cannot be converted efficiently to a subpopulations by LCAT. The second category describes natural and bio-engineered apoA-I mutations that generate preβ and small size a4 HDL subpopulations, and are associated with low plasma HDL levels. These phenotypes can be corrected by excess LCAT. The third category describes bio-engineered apoA-I mutations that induce hypertriglyceridemia that can be corrected by excess lipoprotein lipase and also have defective maturation of HDL.The HDL phenotypes described here may serve in the future for diagnosis, prognoses and potential treatment of abnormalities that affect the biogenesis and functionality of HDL.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(62001066,62104022,and 61971074)the Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing(2022NSCQ-MSX2366)+11 种基金the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2020CDJ-LHZZ069 and 2020CDJYGGD004)the open research fund of Key Laboratory of MEMS of Ministry of Education,Southeast Universitythe Science and Technology Research Program of Chongqing Municipal Education Commission(kjzd-k202000105)the Start-up Foundation of Nanjing Vocational University of Industry Technology(YK21-03-02201012321DXS79HK2351-10:205050623HK097)the Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20160702)the High-level Training Project for Professional-leader Teachers of Higher Vocational Colleges in Jiangsu Province(2023TDFX007)the Ministry of Science and Technology of China(2017YFA0204800)the National Natural Science Foundation of China(51420105003,11525415,11327901,61274114,61601116,11674052,and 11204034)the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities(2242017K40066,2242017K40067,2242016K41039,2242020K40023,and 2242019R10)funded by the Administration Office of Jiangsu Talent resources。
文摘Maintaining low modulus while endowing the wide-range linear stretchability to wearable or implantable devices is crucial for these devices to reduce the mechanical mismatch between the devices and human skin/tissue interfaces.However,improving linear stretchability often results in an increased modulus of stretchable electronic materials,which hinders their conformability in long-term quantifiable monitoring of organs.Herein,we develop a hybrid structure involving interlocking low-modulus porous elastomers(Ecoflex-0030)and MXene-based hydrogels with crosslinking networks of polyvinyl alcohol,sodium alginate,and MXene.This hydrogel–elastomer structure exhibits superior performance compared with previous reports,with a wide linear stretchability strain range from 0 to 1000%and maintaining a low modulus of 6.4 kPa.Moreover,the hydrogel–elastomer hybrids can be utilized as highly sensitive strain sensors with remarkable characteristics,including high sensitivity(gauge factor~3.52),a linear correlation between the resistance and strain(0–200%),rapid response(0.18 s)and recovery times(0.21 s),and excellent electrical reproducibility(1000 loading–unloading cycles).Those electrical and mechanical properties allow the sensor to act as a suitable quantifiable equipment in organ monitoring,human activities detecting,and human–machine interactions.
基金supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.61963020 and No.62263014)Yunnan Provincial Basic Research Project(No.202401AT070344 and No.202301AT070443).
文摘If a failure in the components of a photovoltaic(PV)system,such as PV module,controller,inverter,load,cable,etc.goes undetected and uncorrected,it can seriously affect the efficiency,safety,and reliability of the entire PV power plant.In addition,fires can occur if specific faults,such as arc,ground,and line-to-line faults remain unresolved.Therefore,PV system(PVS)fault diagnoses are crucial for PV power plant reliability,efficiency,and safety.Many fault diagnosis methods and techniques for PVS components have been developed.In addition,with the development of PV devices,more advanced and intelligent diagnostic technologies are continuously being researched and developed.However,a systematic and thorough analysis,summary,and conclusion are still urgently required.Thus,this paper introduces the types,causes,and impacts of PVS faults,and reviews and discusses the methods proposed in the literature for PVS fault diagnosis,and in particular,failures in PV arrays.Special attention is paid to the optimization direction of various fault diagnosis methods under different priorities,and their limitations,feasibility,complexity,and cost-effectiveness.Finally,challenges and suggestions are put forward for future research.
基金Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities,Grant/Award Numbers:2020CDJ-LHZZ-069,2242016K41039,2242017K40066,2242017K40067,2242019R10,2242020K40023National Natural Science Foundation of China,Grant/Award Numbers:11204034,11327901,11525415,11674052,51420105003,61274114,61601116,62001066+1 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Chongqing,Grant/Award Number:cstc2020jcyj-msxmX0662the Ministry of Science and Technology of China,Grant/Award Number:2017YFA0204800。
文摘Brain-machine interface(BMI)is a device that translates neuronal information into commands,which is capable of controlling external software or hardware,such as a computer or robotic arm.In consequence,the electrodes with desirable electrical and mechanical properties for direct interacting between neural tissues and machines serves as the crucial and critical part of BMI technology.Nowadays,the development of material science provides many advanced electrodes for neural stimulating and recording.Particularly,the widespread applications of nanotechnologies have innovatively introduced biocompatible electrode that can have similar characteristics with neural tissue.This paper reviews the existing problems and discusses the latest development of electrode materials for BMI,including conducting polymers,silicon,carbon nanowires,graphene,and hybrid organic-inorganic nanomaterials.In addition,we will inspect at the technical and scientific challenges in the development of neural electrode for a broad application of BMI with focus on the biocompatibility,mechanical mismatch,and electrical performance of electrode materials.
基金supported by Science and Technology Project of Yunnan Power Grid Co.,Ltd.(No.YNKJXM20222105)。
文摘This paper proposes a grid synchronization control strategy for the grid-connected voltage source converters(VSCs)based on the voltage dynamics of the DC-link capacitor in the VSC.The voltage dynamics of the DC-link capacitor are used to regulate the frequency and phase angle of the inner potential of the VSC,synchronizing the VSC with grid.Firstly,in the proposed strategy,the active power regulation and grid synchronization of the VSC are combined,which are separated in the traditional control strategy.This can avoid the instability of the VSC in a weak grid with a low short circuit ratio(SCR),aroused by the dynamic interaction between the separated control loops in traditional control strategies.Secondly,the energy stored in the DC-link capacitor is directly coupled with the grid via the inner potential of the VSC,and the inertia characteristic is naturally featured in the inner potential by the proposed strategy.With the increase of the capacitance,the natural inertial response of the VSC is helpful to improve the grid frequency dynamic.Finally,simulation results are presented to validate the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed strategy in the enhancement of the grid frequency and voltage dynamic support capability.
