为减少不同气候模式评估气溶胶气候效应的差异,第六次耦合模式比较计划(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,CMIP6)直接给定了人为气溶胶强迫数据。因此,有必要基于此强迫数据重新评估气溶胶气候效应。本研究首先将CMIP6给...为减少不同气候模式评估气溶胶气候效应的差异,第六次耦合模式比较计划(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,CMIP6)直接给定了人为气溶胶强迫数据。因此,有必要基于此强迫数据重新评估气溶胶气候效应。本研究首先将CMIP6给出的描述人为气溶胶强迫的模块引入南京信息工程大学(Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,NUIST)的地球系统模式(The NUIST Earth System Model,NESM)。之后,利用NESM模式评估地球辐射收支平衡对此人为气溶胶强迫的响应,并分析模式模拟结果的不确定性。评估给出的人为气溶胶有效辐射强迫为-0.45(±0.28)W·m^-2。其中,气溶胶直接辐射效应为-0.34(±0.01)W·m^-2,与第二次气溶胶比较计划(The second phase of Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models,AeroComⅡ)的评估结果基本一致;气溶胶对云辐射强迫的影响(包括半直接效应和间接效应)为-0.10(±0.30)W·m^-2,明显受到模式内部变率的干扰,具有较大的不确定性。展开更多
The process of modernization accelerates the decline of the rural areas in China pausing malignant changes of the rural culture,such as lack of education and religious chaos and so on.Such cultural crisis in rural are...The process of modernization accelerates the decline of the rural areas in China pausing malignant changes of the rural culture,such as lack of education and religious chaos and so on.Such cultural crisis in rural areas results in incredibility of the public power.As a social class farmers are marginalized.On the contrary,the decline of the rural culture provides the possibility of the rooting of the revolutionary ideas.Led and influenced by the Communist Party of China farmers become the principal part of modernization and revolution and the major driving force and hard core of the new- democratic revolution,having great effect upon the direction of China's modern history.展开更多
复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis,RVVC)由于较高的复发率,使得患者承受着较大的疾病困扰及经济负担。奥特康唑作为美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)2022年新上市的药物,针对R...复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis,RVVC)由于较高的复发率,使得患者承受着较大的疾病困扰及经济负担。奥特康唑作为美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)2022年新上市的药物,针对RVVC体现出较好的临床治疗有效性,同时其对于人体CYP450较低的结合度使得药物相关不良反应及药物相互作用减少,体现出更好的临床用药安全性。该文针对奥特康唑的作用机制、抗菌谱及体外活性、药动学/药效学特点、临床应用、安全性及耐药性、特殊人群用药等方面进行综述,为我国今后针对RVVC开展相关治疗提供借鉴及参考。展开更多
文摘为减少不同气候模式评估气溶胶气候效应的差异,第六次耦合模式比较计划(Coupled Model Intercomparison Project Phase 6,CMIP6)直接给定了人为气溶胶强迫数据。因此,有必要基于此强迫数据重新评估气溶胶气候效应。本研究首先将CMIP6给出的描述人为气溶胶强迫的模块引入南京信息工程大学(Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology,NUIST)的地球系统模式(The NUIST Earth System Model,NESM)。之后,利用NESM模式评估地球辐射收支平衡对此人为气溶胶强迫的响应,并分析模式模拟结果的不确定性。评估给出的人为气溶胶有效辐射强迫为-0.45(±0.28)W·m^-2。其中,气溶胶直接辐射效应为-0.34(±0.01)W·m^-2,与第二次气溶胶比较计划(The second phase of Aerosol Comparisons between Observations and Models,AeroComⅡ)的评估结果基本一致;气溶胶对云辐射强迫的影响(包括半直接效应和间接效应)为-0.10(±0.30)W·m^-2,明显受到模式内部变率的干扰,具有较大的不确定性。
文摘The process of modernization accelerates the decline of the rural areas in China pausing malignant changes of the rural culture,such as lack of education and religious chaos and so on.Such cultural crisis in rural areas results in incredibility of the public power.As a social class farmers are marginalized.On the contrary,the decline of the rural culture provides the possibility of the rooting of the revolutionary ideas.Led and influenced by the Communist Party of China farmers become the principal part of modernization and revolution and the major driving force and hard core of the new- democratic revolution,having great effect upon the direction of China's modern history.
文摘复发性外阴阴道假丝酵母菌病(recurrent vulvovaginal candidiasis,RVVC)由于较高的复发率,使得患者承受着较大的疾病困扰及经济负担。奥特康唑作为美国食品药品监督管理局(Food and Drug Administration,FDA)2022年新上市的药物,针对RVVC体现出较好的临床治疗有效性,同时其对于人体CYP450较低的结合度使得药物相关不良反应及药物相互作用减少,体现出更好的临床用药安全性。该文针对奥特康唑的作用机制、抗菌谱及体外活性、药动学/药效学特点、临床应用、安全性及耐药性、特殊人群用药等方面进行综述,为我国今后针对RVVC开展相关治疗提供借鉴及参考。
