BACKGROUND:S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest,hemorrhagic shock and other causes of global cerebral ischemic injury will be dramatically increased.Ischemic brain injury may elevate the level of serum S100 B...BACKGROUND:S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest,hemorrhagic shock and other causes of global cerebral ischemic injury will be dramatically increased.Ischemic brain injury may elevate the level of serum S100 B protein and the severity of brain damage.METHODS:This article is a critical and descriptive review on S100 B protein in serum after ischemic brain injury.We searched Pubmed database with key words or terms such as "S100B protein", "cardiac arrest", "hemorrhagic shock" and "ischemia reperfusion injury" appeared in the last five years.RESULTS:S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest,hemorrhagic shock and other causes of ischemic brain injury will be dramatically increased.Ischemic brain injury elevated the level of serum S100 B protein,and the severity of brain damage.CONCLUSION:The level of S100 B protein in serum is elevated after ischemic brain injury,but its mechanism is unclear.展开更多
BACKGROUND Stress-related gastric mucosal damage or ulcer remains an unsolved issue for critically ill patients.Stress ulcer prophylaxis has been part of routine intensive care,but uncertainty and controversy still ex...BACKGROUND Stress-related gastric mucosal damage or ulcer remains an unsolved issue for critically ill patients.Stress ulcer prophylaxis has been part of routine intensive care,but uncertainty and controversy still exist.Co-secreted with mucins,intestinal trefoil factor(ITF)is reported to promote restitution and regeneration of intestinal mucosal epithelium,although the mechanism remains unknown.AIM To elucidate the protective effects of ITF on gastric mucosa and explore the possible mechanisms.METHODS We used a rat model of gastric mucosal damage induced by water immersion restraint stress and lipopolysaccharide-treated human gastric epithelial cell line to investigate the potential effects of ITF on damaged gastric mucosa both in vivo and in vitro.RESULTS ITF promoted the proliferation and migration and inhibited necrosis of gastric mucosal epithelia in vitro.It also preserved the integrity of gastric mucosa by upregulating expressions of occludin and zonula occludens-1.In the rat model,pretreatment with ITF ameliorated the gastric mucosal epithelial damage and facilitated mucosal repair.The protective effects of ITF were confirmed to be exerted via activation of Akt signaling,and the specific inhibitor of Akt signaling LY249002 reversed the protective effects.CONCLUSION ITF might be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of stressinduced gastric mucosal damage,and further studies should be undertaken to verify its clinical feasibility.展开更多
BACKGROUND:Paraquat(PQ)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)and pulmonary fi brosis are common diseases with high mortality but without eff ective antidotes in emergency medicine.Our previous study has proved that arctigeni...BACKGROUND:Paraquat(PQ)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)and pulmonary fi brosis are common diseases with high mortality but without eff ective antidotes in emergency medicine.Our previous study has proved that arctigenin suppressed pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.We wondered whether arctigenin could also have a protective eff ect on PQ-induced ALI.METHODS:A PQ-induced A549 cell injury model was used,and the effect of arctigenin was determined by a cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)cell viability assay.In addition,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling(TUNEL)staining assays and mitochondrial membrane potential assays were performed to evaluate the level of cell apoptosis.The generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)was refl ected by dihydroethidium(DHE)staining and a 2’,7’-dichlorodihy drofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)assay.Moreover,immunoblotting studies were used to assess the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)and p38 MAPK.RESULTS:Arctigenin attenuated PQ-induced inhibition of A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.Arctigenin also significantly reduced PQ-induced A549 cell apoptosis,as refl ected by the TUNEL assay and mitochondrial membrane potential assay,which may result from suppressed ROS/p38 MAPK signaling because we found that arctigenin dramatically suppressed ROS generation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.CONCLUSION:Arctigenin could attenuate PQ-induced lung epithelial A549 cell injury in vitro by suppressing ROS/p38 MAPK-mediated cell apoptosis,and arctigenin might be considered a potential candidate drug for PQ-induced ALI.展开更多
1.Introduction Sudden cardiac death(SCD)refers to sudden death due to a variety of cardiac causes.It is manifested as a sudden loss of consciousness,cardiac arrest,and respiratory arrest and generally shows early symp...1.Introduction Sudden cardiac death(SCD)refers to sudden death due to a variety of cardiac causes.It is manifested as a sudden loss of consciousness,cardiac arrest,and respiratory arrest and generally shows early symptoms that are atypical and not easily detected[1].According to a recent study,nearly 544000 patients suffer from SCD every year in China[2].展开更多
基金supported by a grant from 122 Project of Nanjing Military Command focusing on training(JQZD200905)
文摘BACKGROUND:S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest,hemorrhagic shock and other causes of global cerebral ischemic injury will be dramatically increased.Ischemic brain injury may elevate the level of serum S100 B protein and the severity of brain damage.METHODS:This article is a critical and descriptive review on S100 B protein in serum after ischemic brain injury.We searched Pubmed database with key words or terms such as "S100B protein", "cardiac arrest", "hemorrhagic shock" and "ischemia reperfusion injury" appeared in the last five years.RESULTS:S100B protein in patients with cardiac arrest,hemorrhagic shock and other causes of ischemic brain injury will be dramatically increased.Ischemic brain injury elevated the level of serum S100 B protein,and the severity of brain damage.CONCLUSION:The level of S100 B protein in serum is elevated after ischemic brain injury,but its mechanism is unclear.
基金Social Development Projects of Jiangsu Province,No.BE2017720the National Natural Science Foundation of China,No.81701894+4 种基金Jiangsu Provincial Medical Youth Talent,No.QNRC2016909 and No.QNRC2016908Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province,No.BK20190247Science Foundation of Jiangsu Health Commission,No.H2018039China Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2018M643890Jiangsu Postdoctoral Science Foundation,No.2018K048A and No.2020Z193。
文摘BACKGROUND Stress-related gastric mucosal damage or ulcer remains an unsolved issue for critically ill patients.Stress ulcer prophylaxis has been part of routine intensive care,but uncertainty and controversy still exist.Co-secreted with mucins,intestinal trefoil factor(ITF)is reported to promote restitution and regeneration of intestinal mucosal epithelium,although the mechanism remains unknown.AIM To elucidate the protective effects of ITF on gastric mucosa and explore the possible mechanisms.METHODS We used a rat model of gastric mucosal damage induced by water immersion restraint stress and lipopolysaccharide-treated human gastric epithelial cell line to investigate the potential effects of ITF on damaged gastric mucosa both in vivo and in vitro.RESULTS ITF promoted the proliferation and migration and inhibited necrosis of gastric mucosal epithelia in vitro.It also preserved the integrity of gastric mucosa by upregulating expressions of occludin and zonula occludens-1.In the rat model,pretreatment with ITF ameliorated the gastric mucosal epithelial damage and facilitated mucosal repair.The protective effects of ITF were confirmed to be exerted via activation of Akt signaling,and the specific inhibitor of Akt signaling LY249002 reversed the protective effects.CONCLUSION ITF might be a promising candidate for prevention and treatment of stressinduced gastric mucosal damage,and further studies should be undertaken to verify its clinical feasibility.
基金This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China(82172182 and 82102311)Social Development Projects of Jiangsu Province(BE2017720)+2 种基金Natural Science Foundation of Jiangsu Province(BK20190247)Science Foundation of Jiangsu Health Commission(H2018039)Jiangsu Postdoctoral Research Foundation(2018K048A and 2020Z193).
文摘BACKGROUND:Paraquat(PQ)-induced acute lung injury(ALI)and pulmonary fi brosis are common diseases with high mortality but without eff ective antidotes in emergency medicine.Our previous study has proved that arctigenin suppressed pulmonary fibrosis induced by PQ.We wondered whether arctigenin could also have a protective eff ect on PQ-induced ALI.METHODS:A PQ-induced A549 cell injury model was used,and the effect of arctigenin was determined by a cell counting kit-8(CCK-8)cell viability assay.In addition,terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase(TdT)-mediated dUTP nick-end labelling(TUNEL)staining assays and mitochondrial membrane potential assays were performed to evaluate the level of cell apoptosis.The generation of reactive oxygen species(ROS)was refl ected by dihydroethidium(DHE)staining and a 2’,7’-dichlorodihy drofluorescein diacetate(DCFH-DA)assay.Moreover,immunoblotting studies were used to assess the expression of mitogen-activated protein kinases(MAPKs)and p38 MAPK.RESULTS:Arctigenin attenuated PQ-induced inhibition of A549 cell viability in a dose-dependent manner.Arctigenin also significantly reduced PQ-induced A549 cell apoptosis,as refl ected by the TUNEL assay and mitochondrial membrane potential assay,which may result from suppressed ROS/p38 MAPK signaling because we found that arctigenin dramatically suppressed ROS generation and p38 MAPK phosphorylation.CONCLUSION:Arctigenin could attenuate PQ-induced lung epithelial A549 cell injury in vitro by suppressing ROS/p38 MAPK-mediated cell apoptosis,and arctigenin might be considered a potential candidate drug for PQ-induced ALI.
基金Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences Innovation Fund for Medical Sciences(No.2019-I2M-5-023)Hainan Provincial Science and Technology Major Project(No.ZDKJ201804)+2 种基金National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81871611)National Natural Science Foundation of China(No.81760352)Project of Hainan Provincial Department of Education(No.Hnjg2019ZD-16)
文摘1.Introduction Sudden cardiac death(SCD)refers to sudden death due to a variety of cardiac causes.It is manifested as a sudden loss of consciousness,cardiac arrest,and respiratory arrest and generally shows early symptoms that are atypical and not easily detected[1].According to a recent study,nearly 544000 patients suffer from SCD every year in China[2].